Glutaraldehyde Nonbiologic Monitors

1990 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 439-442 ◽  
Author(s):  
Donald J. Kleier ◽  
Robert E. Averbach
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Cell ◽  
Contact Time ◽  
Cell Membranes ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Chemical Solution ◽  
Enzyme Systems ◽  
Prolonged Contact ◽  
Free Aldehyde ◽  
Aldehyde Groups ◽  
Bacterial Type

Glutaraldehyde was first synthesized by Harries and Tank in 1908, and first marketed as a chemosterilizer in 1963. Since that time, glutaraldehyde has been used extensively as a disinfectant and chemical sterilizing solution. Even though it is generally agreed that moist heat is the preferred method of sterilization for medical, dental and hospital instruments, glutaraldehyde is a relatively safe, simple-to-use and effective chemical solution that can sterilize heat-sensitive materials.Glutaraldehyde (1,5-pentanedial) has two free aldehyde groups that combine irreversibly with bacterial cell membranes and enzyme systems. These properties give glutaraldehyde its biocidal effect. Contact time with glutaraldehyde is critical if sterilization, rather than disinfection, is to be achieved. Sterilization time ranges from minutes to ten hours, depending upon bacterial type and conditions of the test results. Sterilization with glutaraldehyde solutions usually requires prolonged contact times. Manufacturer instructions must be strictly followed.

scholarly journals Molecular Dynamics Simulation of the Interaction of Two Linear Battacin Analogs with Model Gram-Positive and Gram-Negative Bacterial Cell Membranes

ACS Omega ◽  
2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aparajita Chakraborty ◽  
Elisey Kobzev ◽  
Jonathan Chan ◽  
Gayan Heruka de Zoysa ◽  
Vijayalekshmi Sarojini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Dynamics ◽  
Molecular Dynamics Simulation ◽  
Bacterial Cell ◽  
Cell Membranes ◽  
Dynamics Simulation ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Gram Negative

Bacteriophage-encoded enzymes destroying bacterial cell membranes and walls, and their potential use as antimicrobial agents

2021 ◽  
Vol 248 ◽  
pp. 126746
Author(s):  
Łukasz Grabowski ◽  
Krzysztof Łepek ◽  
Małgorzata Stasiłojć ◽  
Katarzyna Kosznik-Kwaśnicka ◽  
Karolina Zdrojewska ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Cell ◽  
Cell Membranes ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Potential Use

scholarly journals Adenosine Triphosphatase in Isolated Bacterial Cell Membranes

1960 ◽  
Vol 235 (12) ◽  
pp. 3659-3662 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adolph Abrams ◽  
Peter McNamara ◽  
F. Bing Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Cell ◽  
Adenosine Triphosphatase ◽  
Cell Membranes

scholarly journals STUDI ADSORPSI ZAT WARNA NAPHTHOL YELLOW S PADA LIMBAH CAIR MENGGUNAKAN KARBON AKTIF DARI AMPAS TEBU

Jurnal Kimia ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 104
Author(s):  
W. P. Utoo1 ◽  
E. Santoso ◽  
G. Yuhaneka ◽  
A. I. Triantini ◽  
M. R. Fatqi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Contact Time ◽  
Adsorption Process ◽  
Activation Process ◽  
Adsorption Model ◽  
High Adsorption ◽  
Prolonged Contact ◽  
Test Result

The aim of this research is to get activated carbon from sugarcane bagasse with high adsorption capacity to Naphthol Yellow S and to know factors influencing the adsorption capacity. Activated carbon is prepared by incomplete combustion of sugracane bagasse. The resulting carbon is activated with H2SO4 with concentration variation of 0.5; 1.0; 1.5 and 2.0 M and is continued by calcination at 400 °C. The measurement of the surface area of ??activated carbon by the methylene blue method indicates that the activation process successfully extends the surface area of carbon from 31.87 m2/g before activation to 66-72 m2/g after activation. Activated carbon with concentration of 2.0 M H2SO4 showed the highest surface area of ??71.85 m2/g, however, the best adsorption was shown by activated carbon with a concentration of 0.5 M H2SO4 with the adsorption capacity of 83.93%. The adsorption test showed that the best amount of adsorbent was 0.2 g with contact time for 30 minutes. Prolonged contact time can decrease the amount of Naphthol Yellow S adsorbed. The best adsorption test result was shown by sample with activator concentration of 0,5 M, mass of 0,2 g and contact time of 30 min with adsorption capacity 95,81% or amount of dye adsorbed equal to 143,72 mg/g. The adsorption study also showed that the entire Naphthol Yellow S adsorption process followed the Langmuir isothemal adsorption model. Qualitative testing of real batik waste indicates that activated carbon can reduce the dyes waste containing Naphthol Yellow Sexhibited by the color of batik waste which is more faded.  

The ultrastructure and histochemistry of the cyst wall of Bucephalus haimeanus (Lacaze-Duthiers, 1854)

Parasitology ◽  
1977 ◽  
Vol 75 (2) ◽  
pp. 207-214 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacqueline C. Higgins ◽  
D. E. Wright ◽  
R. A. Matthews
Keyword(s):  
Cyst Wall ◽  
Protein Complexes ◽  
Middle Layer ◽  
Outer Edge ◽  
Acid Phosphatases ◽  
Free Aldehyde ◽  
Aldehyde Groups ◽  
And Function ◽  
Cyst Cavity ◽  
Alkaline And Acid Phosphatases

Metacercarial cysts of Bucephalus haimeanus occur throughout the liver of Pomatoschistus microps, greater concentrations being found around the gall bladder, blood vessels and periphery of the liver. The cyst wall is composed of three layers, an inner granular, middle vacuolated and outer nucleated layer. The inner layer consists of three zones, an inner zone of irregularly compacted, granular material; a middle densely compacted zone and an outer moderately compacted zone. Vacuoles of the middle layer vary in appearance and appear to be discharging their contents into the cyst cavity. The cells of the outer layer are flattened and elongated with elongate nuclei but no other distinct organelles. Occasionally at the outer edge of the cyst are electron-dense cells which are in the process of degeneration. Only small amounts of collagen and very few leucocytes are associated with the cysts.The cyst wall is carbohydrate in nature containing some free aldehyde groups, galactogen and neutral mucosubstances. The inner layer appears to consist of mainly acidic mucopolysubstances and weakly acidic sulphomucins. Large amounts of protein, carbohydrate-protein complexes and DNA are also present within the cyst wall. Alkaline and acid phosphatases, ATPase, β-glucuronidase and N-acetyl-β-glucosaminidase were detected. The origin and function of the cyst wall is discussed.

Kinetic and Kinematic Changes in Vertical Jump in Prepubescent Girls After 10 Weeks of Plyometric Training

2020 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 81-88 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Katsikari ◽  
Eleni Bassa ◽  
Dimitrios Skoufas ◽  
Savvas Lazaridis ◽  
Christos Kotzamanidis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Contact Time ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Kinetic Properties ◽  
Plyometric Training ◽  
Countermovement Jump ◽  
Jump Performance ◽  
Squat Jump ◽  
Short Contact Time ◽  
Prolonged Contact ◽  
Drop Jumps

Purpose: To examine the effect of a 10-week plyometric training (PT) on the kinematic and kinetic properties of prepubescent girls during squat jump, countermovement jump, and drop jumps. Methods: Twenty-four untrained girls (aged 9–11 y) were assigned to a training group (TG) and a control group. The TG followed twice a week PT for 10 weeks. Squat jump, countermovement jump, and drop jumps performed from heights of 20, 35, and 50 cm were tested before and after PT. Jump height, kinematic, and kinetic parameters were evaluated using a motion analysis system and a force plate. Results: Jumping height in all jump types increased significantly after PT for the TG (P < .001). After training, the TG presented increased power (P < .001) and knee angular velocity (P < .001), higher knee flexion at the deepest point during the braking phase (P < .001), longer contact time (P < .001), and unchanged stiffness and reaction strength index (P > .05). No differences were observed in the control group (P > .05). Conclusion: These findings indicate that a 10-week PT positively affected jumping performance in prepubescent girls who improved their drop jump performance after training not by adopting a stiff/bouncing jumping style of short contact time and increased stiffness, but a compliant/absorbing style of prolonged contact time.

Large-scale preparation of bacterial cell membranes by tangential flow filtration

2008 ◽  
Vol 25 (8) ◽  
pp. 609-616 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter C. J. Roach ◽  
Vincent L. G. Postis ◽  
Sarah E. Deacon ◽  
Gareth S. A. Wright ◽  
Jean C. Ingram ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Cell ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Cell Membranes ◽  
Tangential Flow Filtration ◽  
Tangential Flow ◽  
Large Scale Preparation ◽  
Scale Preparation ◽  
Flow Filtration
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