NosocomialAchromobacter xylosoxidansInfections

1988 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 84-87 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul E. Schoch ◽  
Burke A. Cunha
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Hospital Environment ◽  
Achromobacter Xylosoxidans ◽  
Common Denominator ◽  
Nosocomial Pathogen ◽  
Emerging Pathogen ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
The Past ◽  
Compromised Patients

In 1971, Yabuuchi and Ohyama named and describedAchromobacter xylosoxidansas a distinctive gram-negative, nonfermentative bacillus. During the past 15 years,A xylosoxidanshas been infrequently reported in the literature as a nosocomial pathogen. The organism has usually been associated with aquatic surroundings and frequently colonizes aqueous fluids in the hospital environment, awaiting the opportunity to infect compromised patients. Several outbreaks have been reported to be caused byAchromobacter, and all have contaminated fluids as the epidemiologic “common denominator.”Achromobacteris an emerging pathogen that has been recognized and appreciated with increasing frequency during the past few years. It is a microorganism ideally suited to the hospital environment in that it is resistant to many disinfectants and most antibiotics.AchromobactermimicsPseudomonas aeruginosamicrobiologically and clinically, but may be differentiated from the latter on the basis of flagella arrangement and antibiotic suscep-tibilities.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Antibacterial Activity of Three Quaternary Ammonium Disinfectants on Different Germs Isolated from the Hospital Environment

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Amal Ramzi ◽  
Bouchra Oumokhtar ◽  
Yassine Ez zoubi ◽  
Touria Filali Mouatassem ◽  
Moussa Benboubker ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Quaternary Ammonium ◽  
Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Hospital Environment ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
E Coli

Background. The microbiological risk of the hospital environment, including inert surfaces, medical devices, and equipment, represents a real problem. Objective. This study is aimed at demonstrating and assessing the antibacterial activity of three synthetic disinfectants classified as quaternary ammoniums on different bacterial strains (Gram-negative and Gram-positive like Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Enterobacter cloacae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Acinetobacter baumannii, and Staphylococcus aureus) isolated from the hospital environment. The reference strains included Escherichia coli ATCC 25922, Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 29213, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853 used as negative control strains. Method. Three quaternary ammonium disinfectants were tested: DDN9® (0.5%) which contains didecylmethylpolyoxyethylammonium propionate as an active substance, spray (0.4%) containing quaternary ammonium compounds, and Phagosurf ND® (0.4%) with didecyldimethylammonium chloride. Their effect was evaluated using the disk diffusion technique and the broth dilution methods, allowing the Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) and then the Minimum Bactericidal Concentration (MBC). Result. Only the growth of Gram-positive bacteria and some strains of Gram-negative bacteria were inhibited by the three synthetic disinfectants. NDD9® demonstrated an antibacterial effect only against the Gram-positive strains (S. aureus and S. aureus ATCC 29213) with a MIC of 0.25 mg/ml. The disinfectant spray showed effect against all four strains including E. coli (9), S. aureus, E. coli ATCC 25922, and P. aeruginosa ATCC 27853 with an inhibitory concentration of 4 mg/ml, while the growth of S. aureus ATCC 29213 was inhibited at 2 mg/ml. The third disinfectant, Phagosurf ND®, inhibited only the growth of S. aureus ATCC 29213 at a MIC of 4 mg/ml. Conclusion. This study is the first here in Morocco to evaluate the bacterial activity of products intended for the control of the healthcare environment. The results obtained on the three disinfectants tested reveal an ineffectiveness against some isolated strains from the hospital environment.

scholarly journals Elizabethkingia Meningoseptica: An Emerging Pathogen in Pediatric Patients.

JMS SKIMS ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 61-63
Author(s):  
Shaista Nazir ◽  
Dekyong Angmo ◽  
Bashir Ahmad Fomda ◽  
Javid Iqbal
Keyword(s):  
Drug Resistance ◽  
Pediatric Patients ◽  
Hospital Environment ◽  
Multi Drug Resistance ◽  
Immunocompromised Patients ◽  
Emerging Pathogen ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Elizabethkingia Meningoseptica ◽  
Salt Waters ◽  
Normal Human

E. meningoseptica is widely distributed in fresh and salt waters, in the soil, and in some animals but is not considered a normal human microflora. It is a gram negative non-fermentative bacillus which is found in the hospital environment and associated with nosocomial infections. It causes various disease like endocarditis, peritonitis, bacteremia, pneumonia, pediatric meningitis. It is mostly associated with infections in the immunocompromised patients. Recognition of E. meningoseptica is of paramount importance for clinicians since multi-drug resistance is common for this organism and secondly it is resistant to antibiotics which are normally used in the treatment of gram negative infections and is sensitive to vancomyin. So knowledge about this organism and its sensitivity will help clinicans to start the antibiotic of choice promptly. We here reported 2 cases of Elizabethkingia meningoseptica in blood and pleural fluid from immunocompromised pediatric patients. JMS 2014;17(2):61-63

Serious Infections Caused by Pseudomonas Aeruginosa

1994 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 34-51 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew W. Artenstein ◽  
Alan S. Cross
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Intensive Care ◽  
Care Setting ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Hospital Environment ◽  
Host Defenses ◽  
Intensive Care Setting ◽  
Nosocomial Pathogen ◽  
Clinical Presentations ◽  
Serious Infections

Over the last 3 decades, Pseudomonas aeruginosa has become a leading cause of infectious morbidity and mortality in certain predisposed patient populations. It primarily affects those with impaired host defenses, and its prevalence in the hospital environment makes it an important nosocomial pathogen. Infection with this organism may result in a broad spectrum of clinical manifestations, many of which may be seen in the intensive care setting. This review focuses on epidemiology, clinical presentations, nad treatment of serious Pseudomonas infections.

scholarly journals Draft Genome Sequence of Pseudomonas aeruginosa Strain PA14-UM

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (46) ◽  
Author(s):  
Vincent T. Lee ◽  
Reza Ghodssi ◽  
Najib M. El-Sayed ◽  
Rena D. Malik ◽  
Olga G. Goloubeva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cystic Fibrosis ◽  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Genome Sequence ◽  
Draft Genome ◽  
Draft Genome Sequence ◽  
Nosocomial Pathogen ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Content Type ◽  
University Of Maryland ◽  
The University

ABSTRACT Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a Gram-negative nosocomial pathogen that is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in cystic fibrosis patients and immunocompromised individuals worldwide. The isolate examined in this study, PA14-UM, is a well-characterized isolate utilized in studies from the University of Maryland.

scholarly journals Carbapenem-Resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa Strains-Distribution of the Essential Enzymatic Virulence Factors Genes

Antibiotics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 8
Author(s):  
Tomasz Bogiel ◽  
Małgorzata Prażyńska ◽  
Joanna Kwiecińska-Piróg ◽  
Agnieszka Mikucka ◽  
Eugenia Gospodarek-Komkowska
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Alkaline Protease ◽  
Virulence Genes ◽  
Virulence Gene ◽  
Hospital Environment ◽  
Gene Encoding ◽  
Virulence Gene Expression ◽  
Carbapenem Resistant ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance Genes ◽  
The Difference

Pseudomonas aeruginosa is one of the most commonly isolated bacteria from clinical specimens, with increasing isolation frequency in nosocomial infections. Herein, we investigated whether antimicrobial-resistant P. aeruginosa strains, e.g., metallo-beta-lactamase (MBL)-producing isolates, may possess a reduced number of virulence genes, resulting from appropriate genome management to adapt to a changing hospital environment. Hospital conditions, such as selective pressure, may lead to the replacement of virulence genes by antimicrobial resistance genes that are crucial to survive under current conditions. The study aimed to compare, using PCR, the frequency of the chosen enzymatic virulence factor genes (alkaline protease-aprA, elastase B-lasB, neuraminidases-nan1 and nan2, and both variants of phospholipase C-plcH and plcN) to MBL distribution among 107 non-duplicated carbapenem-resistant P. aeruginosa isolates. The gene encoding alkaline protease was noted with the highest frequency (100%), while the neuraminidase-1 gene was observed in 37.4% of the examined strains. The difference in lasB and nan1 prevalence amongst the MBL-positive and MBL-negative strains, was statistically significant. Although P. aeruginosa virulence is generally more likely determined by the complex regulation of the virulence gene expression, herein, we found differences in the prevalence of various virulence genes in MBL-producers.

scholarly journals MexAB-OprM Efflux Pump Interaction with the Peptidoglycan of Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (10) ◽  
pp. 5328
Author(s):  
Miao Ma ◽  
Margaux Lustig ◽  
Michèle Salem ◽  
Dominique Mengin-Lecreulx ◽  
Gilles Phan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Cell Division ◽  
Membrane Proteins ◽  
Outer Membrane ◽  
Efflux Pump ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Active Efflux

One of the major families of membrane proteins found in prokaryote genome corresponds to the transporters. Among them, the resistance-nodulation-cell division (RND) transporters are highly studied, as being responsible for one of the most problematic mechanisms used by bacteria to resist to antibiotics, i.e., the active efflux of drugs. In Gram-negative bacteria, these proteins are inserted in the inner membrane and form a tripartite assembly with an outer membrane factor and a periplasmic linker in order to cross the two membranes to expulse molecules outside of the cell. A lot of information has been collected to understand the functional mechanism of these pumps, especially with AcrAB-TolC from Escherichia coli, but one missing piece from all the suggested models is the role of peptidoglycan in the assembly. Here, by pull-down experiments with purified peptidoglycans, we precise the MexAB-OprM interaction with the peptidoglycan from Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, highlighting a role of the peptidoglycan in stabilizing the MexA-OprM complex and also differences between the two Gram-negative bacteria peptidoglycans.

scholarly journals Pseudomonas aeruginosa Genome Evolution in Patients and under the Hospital Environment

Pathogens ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 309-340 ◽  
Author(s):  
Céline Lucchetti-Miganeh ◽  
David Redelberger ◽  
Gaël Chambonnier ◽  
François Rechenmann ◽  
Sylvie Elsen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Genome Evolution ◽  
Hospital Environment

scholarly journals Pneumonia due to a Rare Pathogen: Achromobacter xylosoxidans, Subspecies denitrificans

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hesham Awadh ◽  
Munthir Mansour ◽  
Obadah Aqtash ◽  
Yousef Shweihat
Keyword(s):  
Rare Case ◽  
Achromobacter Xylosoxidans ◽  
Gram Negative

Achromobacter xylosoxidans, subspecies denitrificans, is a gram-negative rod recently implicated as an emerging cause of infection in both immunosuppressed and immunocompetent populations. Few cases are reported in literature involving multiple body systems. Diagnosis depends on cultures of appropriate specimens, and management usually is by administration of appropriate antibiotics (usually agents with antipseudomonal activity). We report a rare case of pneumonia due to infection with this organism, in a patient with preexisting bronchiectasis secondary to chronic aspiration.

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