scholarly journals The Gold Regions of the Strait of Magellan and Tierra Del Fuego

1908 ◽  
Vol 16 (8) ◽  
pp. 683-697 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. A. F. Penrose
Keyword(s):  
Tierra Del Fuego ◽  
Strait Of Magellan ◽  
The Strait Of Magellan

scholarly journals The depth distribution of recent marine Ostracoda from the southern Strait of Magellan

1997 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 121-130 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. C. Whatley ◽  
M. Staunton ◽  
R. L. Kaesler
Keyword(s):  
Deep Water ◽  
Depth Distribution ◽  
Water Masses ◽  
Cold Temperature ◽  
Tierra Del Fuego ◽  
Sediment Samples ◽  
Low Salinity ◽  
Strait Of Magellan ◽  
The Strait Of Magellan

Abstract. From 16 sediment samples collected from the Chilean part of the Strait of Magellan, 2338 Ostracoda were recovered. These represent 61 species belonging to 45 genera and 16 families. Previous work in the Tierra del Fuego Province has shown the faunas to be highly endemic, resulting from the relative isolation of the region and its particular climatic and oceanographical characteristics. The fauna of the Strait of Magellan is similar to those previously described with one notable exception: the occurrence of deep-water, psychrospheric species at shallow depths. Species of Bradleya, Agrenocythere, Poseidonamicus, Bythoceratina, and Legitimocythere, usually recorded from bathyal to abyssal depths of more than 1000 m, were found together in the same samples with a typical, shelf fauna. Such unusual depth distribution of psychrospheric species may have resulted from the extremely cold temperature and low salinity of the water in the southern Strait of Magellan, coupled with the upwelling of cold, deep water masses.

STOMACH CONTENTS OF FALSE KILLER WHALES (PSEUDORCA CRASSIDENS) STRANDED ON THE COASTS OF THE STRAIT OF MAGELLAN, TIERRA DEL FUEGO

1999 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 712-724 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariano Koen Alonso ◽  
Susana N. Pedraza ◽  
Adrian C. M. Schiavini ◽  
R. NATALIE P. Goodall ◽  
Enrique A. Crespo
Keyword(s):  
Stomach Contents ◽  
Tierra Del Fuego ◽  
Killer Whales ◽  
Strait Of Magellan ◽  
The Strait Of Magellan ◽  
Pseudorca Crassidens

THE GREAT PATAGONIAN OIL SPILL (METULA), 41 YEARS LATER

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 (1) ◽  
pp. 515-535 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erich R. Gundlach
Keyword(s):  
Oil Spill ◽  
High Tide ◽  
Wide Band ◽  
High Viscosity ◽  
Tierra Del Fuego ◽  
Strait Of Magellan ◽  
The Strait Of Magellan ◽  
Sand And Gravel ◽  
Very High

ABSTRACT: 2017-300 On 9 August 1974, the supertanker VLCC Metula spilled over 50,000 tons of Saudi Arabian crude oil and 2000 tons of bunker oil into the eastern portion of the Strait of Magellan in southern Chile. Oil spread over 200 km of glacially derived shorelines primarily composed of mixed sand and gravel to boulder-sized material. No cleanup was performed. Initial and follow-up investigators from Chile, U.S., U.K. and Canada reported on oiled shoreline conditions and spill persistence through 2005. This report extends the analysis to February 2015 for the primary areas noted as having remaining oil, i.e. within Puerto Espora behind Espora spit and the sheltered East Espora Marsh. Both are located along the First Narrows on the Tierra del Fuego side of the Strait. Comparisons are made to previous site visits in 1975–76, 1981 and 1995. Conditions at Puerto Espora historically showed a wide band of thick asphalted gravel pavement in a slow process of breakup. This area in 2015 has been further degraded by physical processes but mineralized asphalt remnants are still evident over a discontinuous length of 180 m (maximums: width = 8 m, thickness = 10 cm). In East Espora Marsh, oil initially entered during a very high tide such that oil settled on to channel banks and upper areas dominated by salt-tolerant plants (Salicornia, Puccinellia and Sueda). In 2015, oil remains very much in evidence as weathered asphalt in thin deposits, as a high viscosity black oil with underlying brown mousse common in thicker (>4 cm) deposits, and as oil buried up to 10 cm below a layer of fine silt/clay. Vegetation has recovered to an estimated 75% in interior marsh areas and to ~35% in the outer marsh located at the entry to the marsh. The Metula site remains of great scientific interest in terms of oil spill persistence in a cool dry environment that may be compared to other high latitude habitats such as found in the newly opening Arctic Ocean area.

scholarly journals VI. On a newly discovered extinct ungulate mammal from Patagonia, homalodonto-therium cunninghami

1874 ◽  
Vol 164 ◽  
pp. 173-182 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
New Genus ◽  
East Coast ◽  
Long Bone ◽  
Strait Of Magellan ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
The Strait Of Magellan ◽  
Fossil Bones ◽  
Complete Set ◽  
Fine Gravel ◽  
Organic Remains

The tertiary deposits of the east coast of Patagonia, which yielded to the researches of Mr. Darwin and Admiral Sulivan such interesting and aberrant mammals as Macrauchenia , Nesodon , and Toxodon , have again disclosed a new and remarkable form of extinct animal life. The evidence upon which the existence of this new genus rests consists of a nearly complete set of teeth and some fragments of bone, discovered on the bank of the River Gallegos, by Dr. Robert O. Cunningham, Naturalist to H.M.S. ‘Nassau.’ during the voyage undertaken for the purpose of surveying in the Strait of Magellan and the west coast of Patagonia in the years 1866, 1867, 1868, and 1869. The spot was visited in conformity with instructions received before leaving England, “to insti­tute a search for a deposit of fossil bones discovered by Admiral Sulivan and the pre­sent Hydrographer of the Navy, Rear-Admiral G. H. Richards, about twenty years previously, and which Mr. Darwin, Professor Huxley, and other distinguished naturalists were anxious should be carefully examined”. The conditions under which the specimens were found will be best understood from the following additional extract from Dr. Cunningham’s narrative. “Accordingly, joined by the steamer, which again took us in tow, we proceeded onwards till we arrived opposite the first deposit of fallen blocks at the foot of the cliffs. The cutter was then anchored in the stream, while we pulled in towards the shore in the galley till she grounded, when we landed, armed with picks and geological hammers for our work. After examining the first accumulation of blocks, and finding in the soft yellow sandstone of which certain of them were composed some small fragments of bone, we proceeded to walk along the beach, carefully examining the surface of the cliffs and the piles of fragments which occurred here and there at their base. The height of the cliffs varied considerably, and the highest portions, averaging about 200 feet, extended for a distance of about ten miles, and were evidently undergoing a rapid process of disinte­gration, a perpetual shower of small pieces descending in many places, and numerous large masses being in process of detaching themselves from the parent bed. They were principally composed of strata of hard clay (sometimes almost homogeneous in its texture, and at others containing numerous rounded boulders) ; soft yellow sandstone ; sandstone abounding in hard concretions; and, lastly, a kind of conglomerate, resembling solidified, rather fine gravel. The lowermost strata, as a rule, were formed of the sand­ stone with concretions; the middle, of the soft yellow sandstone, which alone appeared to contain organic remains; and the upper, of the gravelly conglomerate and hard clay. Nearly the whole of the lower portion of the cliffs, as well as all the principal deposits of fallen blocks, were examined by us in the course of the walk, and we met with numerous small fragments of bone ; but very few specimens of any size or value occurred, and the generality of these were in such a state of decay as to crumble to pieces when we attempted, although with the utmost amount of care that we could bestow, to remove them from the surrounding mass. To add to this, the matrix in which they were imbedded was so exceedingly soft as not to permit of being split in any given direction. The first fossil of any size observed by us was a long bone, partially protruding from a mass, and dissolved into fragments in the course of my attempts to remove it. At some distance from this a portion of what appeared to be the scapula of a small quadruped, with some vertebrse, occurred; and further on one of the party (Mr. Vereker) directed my attention to a black piece of bone projecting from one side of a large block near its centre. This, which was carefully removed at the expense of a large amount of labour, with a considerable amount of the matrix surrounding it, by three of the officers, to whose zeal in rendering me most valuable assistance in my work I shall ever feel deeply indebted, afterwards proved to be a most valuable specimen for on carefully removing more of the matrix when we returned to the ship, I found that it was the cranium of a quadruped of considerable size, with the dentition of both upper and lower jaws nearly complete. As no other specimens of importance were discovered, we reembarked towards the close of the afternoon.

The Strait of Magellan—a Gateway to New Worlds

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mauricio Onetto Pavez
Keyword(s):  
Global Scale ◽  
Modern World ◽  
American Continent ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Strait Of Magellan ◽  
The World ◽  
The Strait Of Magellan ◽  
History Of ◽  
First Time

The year 2020 marks the five hundredth anniversary of the “discovery” of the Strait of Magellan. The unveiling of this passage between 1519 and 1522 allowed the planet to be circumnavigated for the first time in the history of humanity. All maritime routes could now be connected, and the idea of the Earth, in its geographical, cosmographic, and philosophical dimensions, gained its definitive meaning. This discovery can be considered one of the founding events of the modern world and of the process of globalization that still continues today. This new connectivity awoke an immediate interest in Europe that led to the emergence of a political consciousness of possession, domination, and territorial occupation generalized on a global scale, and the American continent was the starting point for this. This consciousness also inspired a desire for knowledge about this new form of inhabiting the world. Various fields of knowledge were redefined thanks to the new spaces and measurements produced by the discovery of the southern part of the Americas, which was recorded in books on cosmography, natural history, cartography, and manuscripts, circulating mainly between the Americas and Europe. All these processes transformed the Strait of Magellan into a geopolitical space coveted by Europeans during the 16th century. As an interoceanic connector, it was used to imagine commercial routes to the Orient and political projects that could sustain these dynamics. It was also conceived as a space to speculate on the potential wealth in the extreme south of the continent. In addition, on the Spanish side, some agents of the Crown considered it a strategic place for imperial projections and the defense of the Americas.

scholarly journals Diversity of benthic marine mollusks of the Strait of Magellan, Chile (Polyplacophora, Gastropoda, Bivalvia): a historical review of natural history

ZooKeys ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 963 ◽  
pp. 1-36
Author(s):  
Cristian Aldea ◽  
Leslie Novoa ◽  
Samuel Alcaino ◽  
Sebastián Rosenfeld
Keyword(s):  
Research Effort ◽  
Historical Review ◽  
Valid Species ◽  
Marine Research ◽  
Marine Mollusks ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
Strait Of Magellan ◽  
The Strait Of Magellan ◽  
Diversity Studies ◽  
Interesting Area

An increase in richness of benthic marine mollusks towards high latitudes has been described on the Pacific coast of Chile in recent decades. This considerable increase in diversity occurs specifically at the beginning of the Magellanic Biogeographic Province. Within this province lies the Strait of Magellan, considered the most important channel because it connects the South Pacific and Atlantic Oceans. These characteristics make it an interesting area for marine research; thus, the Strait of Magellan has historically been the area with the greatest research effort within the province. However, despite efforts there is no comprehensive and updated list of the diversity of mollusks within the Strait of Magellan up to now. This study consisted of a complete bibliographic review of all available literature that included samples of mollusks in the Strait of Magellan. More than 300 articles were reviewed, covering 200 years of scientific knowledge. There were 2579 records belonging to 412 taxa, of which 347 are valid species. Of the total valid species, 44 (~13%) are considered of doubtful presence in the Strait. This work increases the known richness of mollusks of the Strait of Magellan by 228%; it is also the first report that integrates all available diversity studies of the three most speciose classes of benthic mollusks (Gastropoda, Bivalvia and Polyplacophora) from the Strait of Magellan.

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