scholarly journals Antibodies to Variant Surface Antigens ofPlasmodium falciparum–Infected Erythrocytes Are Associated with Protection from Treatment Failure and the Development of Anemia in Pregnancy

2009 ◽  
Vol 200 (2) ◽  
pp. 299-306 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gaoqian Feng ◽  
Elizabeth Aitken ◽  
Francisca Yosaatmadja ◽  
Linda Kalilani ◽  
Steven R. Meshnick ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Failure ◽  
Surface Antigens ◽  
Variant Surface Antigens ◽  
Ofplasmodium Falciparum ◽  
Anemia In Pregnancy ◽  
In Pregnancy

scholarly journals Placental Malaria Induces Variant-Specific Antibodies of the Cytophilic Subtypes Immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) and IgG3 That Correlate with Adhesion Inhibitory Activity

2005 ◽  
Vol 73 (9) ◽  
pp. 5903-5907 ◽  
Author(s):  
Salenna R. Elliott ◽  
Amy K. Brennan ◽  
James G. Beeson ◽  
Eyob Tadesse ◽  
Malcolm E. Molyneux ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plasmodium Falciparum ◽  
Inhibitory Activity ◽  
Placental Malaria ◽  
Surface Antigens ◽  
Phagocytic Cells ◽  
Specific Antibodies ◽  
Variant Surface Antigens ◽  
And Control ◽  
Chondroitin Sulfate A ◽  
In Pregnancy

ABSTRACT Antibodies targeting variant antigens on the surfaces of chondroitin sulfate A (CSA)-binding malaria-infected erythrocytes have been linked to protection against the complications of malaria in pregnancy. We examined the isotype/subtype profiles of antibodies that bound to variant surface antigens expressed by CSA-adherent Plasmodium falciparum in pregnant Malawian women with and without histologically defined placental malaria. Women in their first pregnancy with placental malaria produced significantly greater amounts of immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) and IgG3 reactive with surface antigens of malaria-infected erythrocytes than uninfected women of the same gravidity. IgG1 and IgG3 levels in infected and control women in later pregnancies were similar to those in infected women in their first pregnancy. Levels of IgG2 and IgG4 were similarly low in infected and uninfected women of all gravidities. IgM that bound to the surface of CSA-adherent P. falciparum occurred in all groups of women and malaria-naïve controls. There was a significant correlation between IgG1 and IgG3 levels, indicating that women usually produced both subtypes. Levels of IgG1 and IgG3 correlated with the ability of serum or plasma to inhibit parasite adhesion to CSA. Taken together, these data suggest that IgG1 and IgG3 dominate the IgG response to placental-type variant surface antigens. They may function by blocking parasite adhesion to placental CSA, but given their cytophilic nature, they might also opsonize malaria-infected erythrocytes for interaction with Fc receptors on phagocytic cells.

scholarly journals Relationship between Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Coinfection, Anemia, and Levels and Function of Antibodies to Variant Surface Antigens in Pregnancy-Associated Malaria

2009 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 312-319 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anthony Jaworowski ◽  
Liselle A. Fernandes ◽  
Francisca Yosaatmadja ◽  
Gaoqian Feng ◽  
Victor Mwapasa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Surface Antigens ◽  
Opsonic Activity ◽  
Variant Surface Antigens ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Blocking Activity ◽  
Hiv 1 ◽  
In Pregnancy

ABSTRACT Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) coinfection decreases antibodies to variant surface antigens implicated in pregnancy-associated malaria (VSA-PAM) caused by Plasmodium falciparum. The effect of HIV-1 on antibody functions that may protect mothers from pregnancy-associated malaria is unknown. Sera from multigravid pregnant women with malaria and HIV-1 coinfection (n = 58) or malaria alone (n = 29) and from HIV-1-infected (n = 102) or -uninfected (n = 54) multigravidae without malaria were analyzed for anti-VSA-PAM antibodies by flow cytometry, the ability to inhibit adhesion to chondroitin sulfate A, or to opsonize CS2-infected erythrocytes for phagocytosis by THP-1 cells. In women with malaria, anti-VSA-PAM levels correlated better with opsonic activity (r = 0.60) than with adhesion-blocking activity (r = 0.33). In univariate analysis, HIV-1 coinfection was associated with lower opsonic activity but not adhesion-blocking activity or anti-VSA-PAM levels. Malaria-infected women with anemia (hemoglobin levels of <11.0 g/dl) had lower opsonic activity than nonanemic women (P = 0.007) independent of HIV-1 status. By multivariate analysis, in malaria-infected women, anemia (but not HIV status) was associated with opsonic activity. In women without malaria, opsonic activity was not associated with either anemia or HIV-1 status. In multigravid pregnant women with malaria, impaired serum opsonic activity may contribute to anemia and possibly to the decreased immunity to pregnancy-associated malaria associated with HIV-1.

Anemia in pregnancy: characteristics in Szabolcs-Szatmár-Bereg County, Hungary

2010 ◽  
Vol 151 (33) ◽  
pp. 1347-1352 ◽  
Author(s):  
László Szerafin ◽  
János Jakó
Keyword(s):  
Anemia In Pregnancy ◽  
In Pregnancy

Terhesség során az anaemia napjainkban is a leggyakoribb belgyógyászati elváltozások közé tartozik. Az anya és az utód számára egyaránt számos káros következménnyel járhat. Célkitűzés: A szerzők vizsgálták a Szabolcs-Szatmár-Bereg megyében 2008-ban szült nők vérképadatai (hemoglobin, átlagos vörösvértest-térfogat), szérum ferritinszintje és a terhességi kor, a várandósok életkora, az iskolázottság, az előző terhességek száma, a vetélések és koraszülések gyakorisága közötti összefüggéseket. Módszer: A szerzők a megyei, 2008-as védőnői nyilvántartások adatait elemezték. Eredmények: A vérszegénység előfordulásának aránya az I. trimeszterben 2,54%, a másodikban 0,71%, a harmadikban 1,87% volt, és szignifikánsan gyakoribbnak bizonyult a fiatalkorúak (10,30%), az alacsony iskolai végzettségűek (5,55%), a második vagy többedik terhességüket viselők (2,56%) között. A vetélések arányában nem volt különbség, de a koraszülés gyakoribb volt az anaemiás terhesek között (7,14%, vs. 5,46%). Minden vizsgált csoportban az anaemiások számánál jelentősen magasabb volt a normálisnál alacsonyabb átlagos vörösvértest-térfogattal jellemezhető vérképek aránya (6,06–22,88%), ami az esetek döntő többségében kórosan csökkent vasraktárra utal. (Ferritinszint-meghatározás csak az esetek 2,42%-ában történt, ezek között viszont 93,1%-ban kórosan alacsony értéket mértek!) Következtetések: A szerzők a többségükben (latens) vashiányos, jóval ritkábban vashiányos anaemiás várandós esetek kapcsán felhívják a figyelmet a fiatalkorú, alacsony iskolázottságú, illetve többedszer szülő terhesek gondozásának kiemelt fontosságára, valamint már a várandósság korai szakaszában a vérkép helyes értelmezésére, a megfelelő vaspótlás időben történő elkezdésére, sőt, a vasraktárak még fogamzás előtti feltöltésének szükségességére. Ehhez az irodalmi adatok alapján ajánlásokat fogalmaznak meg.

scholarly journals High burden of anemia among pregnant women in Tanzania: a call to address its determinants

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bruno F. Sunguya ◽  
Yue Ge ◽  
Linda Mlunde ◽  
Rose Mpembeni ◽  
Germana Leyna ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Food Insecurity ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Gis Mapping ◽  
Demographic And Health Surveys ◽  
Health Coverage ◽  
Nutritional Knowledge ◽  
Women Of Reproductive Age ◽  
Anemia In Pregnancy ◽  
In Pregnancy

Abstract Background Anemia in pregnancy is behind a significant burden of maternal mortality and poor birth outcomes globally. Efforts to address it need evidence on trends and its pertinent factors as they vary from one area to another. Methods We pooled data of 23,203 women of reproductive age whose hemoglobin levels were measured from two Tanzania Demographic and Health Surveys (TDHS). Of them, 2,194 women were pregnant. Analyses employed descriptive analyses to determine the burden of anemia, its characteristics, and severity; GIS mapping to determine the regional changes of anemia between 2005 and 2015; and logistic regression to determine the remaining determinants of anemia among pregnant women using Stata 15. Results The burden of anemia among pregnant women in Tanzania has remained unprecedently high, and varies between regions. There was no significant decline of anemia in general between the two periods after adjusting for individual, households, reproductive, and child characteristics [AOR = 0.964, 95% CI = 0.774–1.202, p = 0.747). Anemia is currently prevalent in 57% of pregnant women in Tanzania. The prevalence is more likely to be higher among women aged 15–19 years than those aged between 20–34 years. It is more likely to be prevalent among those within large families, with no formal education, food insecurity, lack of health insurance, had no antimalaria during pregnancy, and had low frequency of ANC attendance. On the other hand, delivery in a health facility may be potentially protective against anemia. Conclusions Anemia in pregnancy remained persistently high and prevalent among 57% of pregnant women in Tanzania. Efforts to address anemia are crucial and need to be focused in regions with increasing burden of anemia among pregnant women. It is imperative to address important risk factors such as food insecurity, strengthening universal health coverage, empowering women of reproductive age with education and especially nutritional knowledge and advocating for early antenatal booking, attendance, and facility delivery.

scholarly journals Laboratory approach to investigation of anemia in pregnancy

2021 ◽  
Vol 43 (S1) ◽  
pp. 65-70
Author(s):  
Archana M. Agarwal ◽  
Anton Rets
Keyword(s):  
Anemia In Pregnancy ◽  
In Pregnancy

Prevalence and factors associated with anemia in pregnancy among women receiving antenatal care at the West Gonja District Hospital of Northern Ghana.

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 01-12
Author(s):  
Martin Malick
Keyword(s):  
Antenatal Care ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Hemoglobin Concentration ◽  
World Health ◽  
Multiple Gestation ◽  
The West ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Folate Supplement ◽  
Anemia In Pregnancy ◽  
In Pregnancy

Background: Anemia in pregnancy is a major public health problem especially in Low and Middle-income countries (LMIC) including Ghana and is defined by the World Health Organization (WHO) as being present when the hemoglobin concentration in the peripheral blood is 11g/dl or less. In most African countries anemia in pregnancy occurs if the hemoglobin concentration falls below 10g/dl. Pregnant women are at a higher risk of developing anemia due to several factors such as hemodilution, nutritional factors, multiple gestation, socio-economic status and malaria infestation. Anemia in pregnancy is an important cause of maternal mortality and affects half of pregnant women worldwide; with 56% of West African pregnant women being anemic. The objective of this study is to assess the prevalence and identify the risk factors associated with anemia among pregnant women receiving antenatal care at the West Gonja Hospital (WGH) Methods: A cross-sectional was conducted with 136 pregnant women receiving antenatal care at the WGH between January 2017 to February 2018. Random sampling was used to select participants and data was collected using a structured questionnaire. Data was analyzed using the SPSS Version 24.0. Results: A total 71(52.2%) of the study population were anemic, while 65 (47.8%) were not anemic. 20(74.1%) of the 27 pregnant housewives were anemic, while 11(64.7%) of the pregnant farmers were anemic. 27 (96.4%) of the 28 pregnant women who took their iron/folate supplement only some few days were anemic. 12 (100%) of the 12 participants who took their iron/folate supplement a few times a week were anemic. 4 (80%) of the 5 participants who never took their iron/folate supplement were anemic. 21 (70%) of those who did not sleep under ITN were anemic. 33 (84.6%) of the 39 patients who were diagnosed with malaria were also anemic. 28 (87.5%) of the 32 participants who took only 2 meals a day were anemic. 27 (79.4%) of the 34 patients who took liver, beef, chicken and fish only twice weekly were anemic. 15 (88.2%) of the 17 patients who drank tea some days in a week were anemic. Conclusion: Although most of the pregnant women were adequately educated on the most relevant aspects of anemia in pregnancy, more than half of them were still anemic. Anemia was more prevalent among pregnant uneducated housewives with poor nutritional habits. All the pregnant sickle cell disease patients as well as those diagnosed with malaria were also anemic.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document