scholarly journals Health Care–AssociatedClostridium difficileInfection in Adults Admitted to Acute Care Hospitals in Canada: A Canadian Nosocomial Infection Surveillance Program Study

2009 ◽  
Vol 48 (5) ◽  
pp. 568-576 ◽  
Author(s):  
Denise Gravel ◽  
Mark Miller ◽  
Andrew Simor ◽  
Geoffrey Taylor ◽  
Michael Gardam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Nosocomial Infection ◽  
Acute Care ◽  
Acute Care Hospitals ◽  
Surveillance Program ◽  
Infection Surveillance

scholarly journals N-CDAD in Canada: Results of the Canadian Nosocomial Infection Surveillance Program 1997 N-CDAD Prevalence Surveillance Project

2001 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 81-88 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meaghen Hyland ◽  
Marianna Ofner-Agostini ◽  
Mark Miller ◽  
Shirley Paton ◽  
Marie Gourdeau ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Nosocomial Infection ◽  
Toxin Production ◽  
Health Care Facilities ◽  
Surveillance Program ◽  
Prevention Measures ◽  
Case Definitions ◽  
Infection Surveillance ◽  
Positive Stool ◽  
The Impact

BACKGROUND:A 1996 preproject survey among Canadian Hospital Epidemiology Committee (CHEC) sites revealed variations in the prevention, detection, management and surveillance ofClostridium difficile-associated diarrhea (CDAD). Facilities wanted to establish national rates of nosocomially acquired CDAD (N-CDAD) to understand the impact of control or prevention measures, and the burden of N-CDAD on health care resources. The CHEC, in collaboration with the Laboratory Centre for Disease Control (Health Canada) and under the Canadian Nosocomial Infection Surveillance Program, undertook a prevalence surveillance project among selected hospitals throughout Canada.OBJECTIVE:To establish national prevalence rates of N-CDAD.METHODS:For six weeks in 1997, selected CHEC sites tested all diarrheal stools from inpatients for eitherC difficiletoxin orC difficilebacteria with evidence of toxin production. Questionnaires were completed for patients with positive stool assays who met the case definitions.RESULTS:Nineteen health care facilities in eight provinces participated in the project. The overall prevalence of N-CDAD was 13.0% (95% CI 9.5% to 16.5%). The mean number of N-CDAD cases were 66.3 cases/100,000 patient days (95% CI

A statewide survey of nosocomial infection surveillance in acute care hospitals

2005 ◽  
Vol 33 (8) ◽  
pp. 480-482 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael B. Edmond ◽  
Mary Beth White-Russell ◽  
Janis Ober ◽  
C. Diane Woolard ◽  
Gonzalo M.L. Bearman
Keyword(s):  
Nosocomial Infection ◽  
Acute Care ◽  
Acute Care Hospitals ◽  
Infection Surveillance

scholarly journals Prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in health care personnel of two acute care hospitals in Linz, Austria

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Margot Egger ◽  
Christian Bundschuh ◽  
Kurt Wiesinger ◽  
Elisabeth Bräutigam ◽  
Thomas Berger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Acute Care ◽  
Acute Care Hospitals ◽  
Health Care Personnel

Predicting Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) Bloodstream Infection Incidence Rates using Canadian Nosocomial Infection Surveillance Program (CNISP)

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jona Gjevori ◽  
Kahina Abdesselam
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Nosocomial Infection ◽  
Bloodstream Infection ◽  
Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Incidence Rates ◽  
Surveillance Program ◽  
Methicillin Resistant ◽  
Infection Surveillance ◽  
Healthcare Associated

Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is among the most prevalent nosocomial pathogens globally, causing significant morbidity, mortality, and healthcare costs. MRSA bloodstream infection (BSI) incidence rates in Canadian hospitals have significantly risen by almost 60% and have a mortality of over 20% upon Intensive Care Unit admission. MRSA is believed to be spread through healthcare workers; thus, high hand hygiene compliancy in addition to environmental cleaning are the cornerstone countermeasures to disrupting its transmission. The Public Health Agency of Canada (PHAC), in collaboration with the Canadian Nosocomial Infection Surveillance Program (CNISP), conducts national, sentinel surveillance on healthcare-associated infections like MRSA. As a Student Epidemiologist, I developed a research proposal detailing two study objectives: 1) develop a regression model to predict all incident MRSA BSI rates among acute-care hospitals in Canada using CNISP MRSA BSI incident cases from 2000 to 2019, and 2) create a compartmental (Susceptible-Infected-Recovered-Deceased) model to determine the impact of various Infection Prevention and Control (IPC) measures on the risk of healthcare-associated MRSA BSI transmission specifically. This study hopes to demonstrate that proper IPC compliance is associated with lower incident MRSA BSI rates with the goal being to produce a manuscript draft by 2021. MRSA poses a serious threat to patient safety globally and is becoming a growing national public health concern in Canada; determining which IPC strategy is most effective at disrupting MRSA transmission is essential to reducing incidence and mortality rates.

scholarly journals Trends in health care–associated infections in acute care hospitals in Canada: an analysis of repeated point-prevalence surveys

2019 ◽  
Vol 191 (36) ◽  
pp. E981-E988 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robyn Mitchell ◽  
Geoffrey Taylor ◽  
Wallis Rudnick ◽  
Stephanie Alexandre ◽  
Kathryn Bush ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Acute Care ◽  
Acute Care Hospitals ◽  
Point Prevalence ◽  
Health Care Associated Infections

scholarly journals Statewide costs of health care-associated infections: Estimates for acute care hospitals in North Carolina

2013 ◽  
Vol 41 (9) ◽  
pp. 764-768 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deverick J. Anderson ◽  
Deborah G. Pyatt ◽  
David J. Weber ◽  
William A. Rutala
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
North Carolina ◽  
Acute Care ◽  
Acute Care Hospitals ◽  
Health Care Associated Infections

A Decade of Prevalence Surveys in a Tertiary-Care Center: Trends in Nosocomial Infection Rates, Device Utilization, and Patient Acuity

1999 ◽  
Vol 20 (8) ◽  
pp. 543-548 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeffrey W. Weinstein ◽  
Dorothy Mazon ◽  
Elizabeth Pantelick ◽  
Patricia Reagan-Cirincione ◽  
Louise M. Dembry ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nosocomial Infection ◽  
Bloodstream Infection ◽  
Acute Care ◽  
Nosocomial Infections ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Infection Rates ◽  
Nosocomial Bloodstream Infection ◽  
Abnormal Laboratory ◽  
Infection Surveillance ◽  
The Mean

AbstractObjective:To evaluate the usefulness of repeated prevalence surveys to determine trends in the rates of nosocomial infections and to detect changes in risk factors (eg, use of invasive devices) associated with nosocomial infections.Patients And Methods:Ten annual prevalence surveys were conducted by trained infection control practitioners between 1985 and 1995 for acute-care patients on the medical, surgical, pediatric, and obstetric-gynecologic services at a 900-bed, tertiary-care, teaching hospital with 750 acute-care beds. The same methods of chart review and concurrent reporting from nursing, the microbiology and clinical laboratory, and the pharmacy were used each year to collect data on the prevalence of nosocomial infections, invasive-device utilization, and abnormal laboratory indicators. Although data were collected on a single day, a period-prevalence study approach was used, because charts were reviewed for any infection data occurring within the 7 days prior to the survey.Results:The hospital census for acute-care patients, as measured by the prevalence surveys, declined sharply over the 10 years, from 673 to 575 patients (P=.02). However, the medical service census increased from 150 to 188 patients (P=.01). During the same period, there was a significant decrease in the mean length of stay, from 7.3 to 6.0 days (P=.01), and a concomitant increase in the mean diagnosis-related-group case-mix index, from 1.03 to 1.24 (P=.001). Overall, nosocomial infection rates remained unchanged over the study period (mean of 9.85 infections per 100 patients), but rates of nosocomial bloodstream infection increased from 0.0% in 1985 to 2.3% in 1995 (P=.05). Nosocomial infection rates were significantly higher on the medical and surgical services than on other services (P<.001). Utilization rates increased significantly for Foley catheters (9.0% to 16.0%, P=.002) and ventilators (5.0% to 8.0%, P=.05).Conclusions:Despite apparent increases in the severity of illness of our patients, overall rates of nosocomial infection remained stable during a decade of study. Rates of nosocomial bloodstream infection increased, in parallel with National Nosocomial Infection Surveillance System data. We found repeated prevalence surveys to be useful in following trends and rates of infection, device utilization, and abnormal laboratory values among patients at our institution. Such methodologies can be valuable and low-cost components of a comprehensive infection surveillance, prevention, and control program and other potential quality-improvement initiatives, because they enable better annual planning of departmental strategies to meet hospital needs

The Prevalence of Health Care–Associated Infection in Older People in Acute Care Hospitals

2011 ◽  
Vol 32 (8) ◽  
pp. 763-767 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shona Cairns ◽  
Jacqui Reilly ◽  
Sally Stewart ◽  
Debbie Tolson ◽  
Jon Godwin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Older People ◽  
Acute Care ◽  
Hospital Care ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Acute Care Hospitals ◽  
Gastrointestinal Infections ◽  
Health Care Associated Infection ◽  
Tract Infections

Objective.To determine the prevalence of health care-associated infection (HAI) in older people in acute care hospitals, detailing the specific types of HAI and specialties in which these are most prevalent.Design.Secondary analysis of the Scottish National Healthcare Associated Infection Prevalence Survey data set.Patients and Setting.All inpatients in acute care (n = 11,090) in all acute care hospitals in Scotland (n = 45).Results.The study found a linear relationship between prevalence of HAI and increasing age (P<.0001) in hospital inpatients in Scotland. Urinary tract infections and gastrointestinal infections represented the largest burden of HAI in the 75–84- and over-85-year age groups, and surgical-site infections represented the largest burden in inpatients under 75 years of age. The prevalence of urinary catheterization was higher in each of the over-65 age groups (P<.0001). Importantly, this study reveals that a high prevalence of HAI in inpatients over the age of 65 years is found across a range of specialties within acute hospital care. An increased prevalence of HAI was observed in medical, orthopedic, and surgical specialties.Conclusions.HAI is an important outcome indicator of acute inpatient hospital care, and our analysis demonstrates that HAI prevalence increases linearly with increasing age (P<.0001). Focusing interventions on preventing urinary tract infection and gastrointestinal infections would have the biggest public health benefit. To ensure patient safety, the importance of age as a risk factor for HAI cannot be overemphasized to those working in all areas of acute care.

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