scholarly journals Hepatitis C Virus (HCV)–Specific T Cell Responses in Injection Drug Users with Apparent Resistance to HCV Infection

2008 ◽  
Vol 198 (12) ◽  
pp. 1749-1755 ◽  
Author(s):  
Prem H. Thurairajah ◽  
Doha Hegazy ◽  
Shilpa Chokshi ◽  
Steve Shaw ◽  
Andrew Demaine ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis C Virus ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
T Cell ◽  
Injection Drug Users ◽  
Drug Users ◽  
T Cell Responses ◽  
Hcv Infection ◽  
Injection Drug ◽  
Cell Responses ◽  
Apparent Resistance

scholarly journals Hepatitis C virus-specific T-cell immune responses in seronegative injection drug users

2009 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 10-20 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Zeremski ◽  
M. A. Shu ◽  
Q. Brown ◽  
Y. Wu ◽  
D. C. Des Jarlais ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis C Virus ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
T Cell ◽  
Immune Responses ◽  
Injection Drug Users ◽  
Drug Users ◽  
Injection Drug ◽  
T Cell Immune Responses

scholarly journals The Clearance of Hepatitis C Virus Infection in Chimpanzees May Not Necessarily Correlate with the Appearance of Acquired Immunity

2003 ◽  
Vol 77 (2) ◽  
pp. 862-870 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Thomson ◽  
Michelina Nascimbeni ◽  
Michael B. Havert ◽  
Marian Major ◽  
Sophia Gonzales ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis C Virus ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
T Cell ◽  
T Cell Responses ◽  
Distinct Pattern ◽  
Hcv Infection ◽  
Interleukin 4 ◽  
Mrna Levels ◽  
Cell Responses ◽  
Ifn Γ

ABSTRACT Clearance of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection in humans and chimpanzees is thought to be associated with the induction of strong T-cell responses. We studied four chimpanzees infected with HCV derived from an infectious full-length HCV genotype 1b cDNA. Two of the chimpanzees cleared the infection to undetectable levels for more than 12 months of follow-up; the other two became persistently infected. Detailed analyses of HCV-specific immune responses were performed during the courses of infection in these chimpanzees. Only weak and transient T helper responses were detected during the acute phase in all four chimpanzees. A comparison of the frequency of gamma interferon (IFN-γ)-producing CD4+ and CD8+ T cells in peripheral blood by ELISpot assay did not reveal any correlation between viral clearance and T-cell responses. In addition, analyses of IFN-γ, IFN-α, and interleukin-4 mRNA levels in liver biopsies, presumably indicative of intrahepatic T-cell responses, revealed no distinct pattern in these chimpanzees with respect to infection outcome. The present study suggests that the outcome of HCV infection in chimpanzees is not necessarily attributable to HCV sequence variation and that chimpanzees may recover from HCV infection by mechanisms other than the induction of readily detectable HCV-specific T-cell responses.

scholarly journals Low perceived benefits and self-efficacy are associated with hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection-related risk among injection drug users

2008 ◽  
Vol 66 (2) ◽  
pp. 211-220 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph Cox ◽  
Prithwish De ◽  
Carole Morissette ◽  
Claude Tremblay ◽  
Randolph Stephenson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis C Virus ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Injection Drug Users ◽  
Drug Users ◽  
Hcv Infection ◽  
Injection Drug ◽  
Perceived Benefits ◽  
Related Risk

P.457 Risk behaviors and hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection among new- and long-term injection drug users (IDUs)

2006 ◽  
Vol 36 ◽  
pp. S202-S203
Author(s):  
M.L.A. Oliveira ◽  
S.A.N. Oliveira ◽  
P.R. Telles ◽  
M. Hacker ◽  
J.C. Miguel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis C Virus ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Risk Behaviors ◽  
Injection Drug Users ◽  
Drug Users ◽  
Hcv Infection ◽  
Injection Drug

scholarly journals Absence of viral escape within a frequently recognized HLA-A26-restricted CD8+ T-cell epitope targeting the functionally constrained hepatitis C virus NS5A/5B cleavage site

2007 ◽  
Vol 88 (7) ◽  
pp. 1986-1991 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christoph Neumann-Haefelin ◽  
Thomas Killinger ◽  
Jörg Timm ◽  
Scott Southwood ◽  
Denise McKinney ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis C Virus ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
T Cell ◽  
Cleavage Site ◽  
Cell Epitope ◽  
T Cell Responses ◽  
Hcv Infection ◽  
Viral Fitness ◽  
Viral Escape ◽  
Cell Responses

CD8+ T-cell responses are central for the resolution of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection, and viral escape from these CD8+ T-cell responses has been suggested to play a major role in HCV persistence. However, the factors determining the emergence of CD8 escape mutations are not well understood. Here, the first identification of four HLA-A26-restricted CD8+ T-cell epitopes is reported. Of note, two of these four epitopes are located in the NS3/4A and NS5A/5B cleavage sites. The latter epitope is targeted in all (three of three) patients with acute, resolving HCV infection and in a relatively high proportion (four of 14) of patients with chronic HCV infection. Importantly, the epitope corresponding to the NS5A/5B cleavage site is characterized by the complete absence of sequence variations, despite the presence of functional virus-specific CD8+ T cells in our cohort. These results support previous findings that showed defined functional constraints within this region. They also suggest that the absence of viral escape may be determined by viral fitness cost and highlight an attractive target for immunotherapies.

scholarly journals Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection and re-infection among HCV- and HIV/HCV-infected injection drug users

2010 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
pp. P199-P199 ◽  
Author(s):  
B Conway ◽  
A Barrieshee ◽  
HK Tossonian ◽  
K Wight ◽  
S Jassemi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis C Virus ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Injection Drug Users ◽  
Drug Users ◽  
Hcv Infection ◽  
Injection Drug

Hepatitis C virus core antigen reliably diagnoses HCV infection in injection and non-injection drug users

2017 ◽  
Vol 171 ◽  
pp. e223
Author(s):  
Marija Zeremski ◽  
Yang Chen ◽  
Roberto Zavala ◽  
Ype de Jong ◽  
Clewert Sylvester ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis C Virus ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Injection Drug Users ◽  
Drug Users ◽  
Hcv Infection ◽  
Injection Drug ◽  
Core Antigen ◽  
Virus Core

Virus-specific T-cell responses associated with hepatitis C virus (HCV) persistence in the liver after apparent recovery from HCV infection

2006 ◽  
Vol 78 (9) ◽  
pp. 1190-1197 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juan A. Quiroga ◽  
Silvia Llorente ◽  
Inmaculada Castillo ◽  
Elena Rodríguez-Iñigo ◽  
Juan Manuel López-Alcorocho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis C Virus ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
T Cell ◽  
T Cell Responses ◽  
Hcv Infection ◽  
Cell Responses
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