Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Bacteremia in Patients With End-Stage Renal Disease in Taiwan: Distinguishing Between Community-Associated and Healthcare-Associated Strains

2009 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 89-92 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chung-Chih Lin ◽  
Jiun-Ling Wang ◽  
Chi-Ying Lin ◽  
Shey-Ying Chen ◽  
Jann-Tay Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Renal Disease ◽  
End Stage Renal Disease ◽  
Medical Center ◽  
Methicillin Resistant ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus Bacteremia ◽  
Mrsa Strains ◽  
Stage Renal Disease ◽  
End Stage ◽  
Healthcare Associated

We reviewed genotyping and medical records of 53 patients with end-stage renal disease and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) bacteremia in a medical center in Taiwan. In multivariate analysis, hospitalization within the previous year was independently negatively associated with infection with community-associated MRSA strains, and an increased number of years of dialysis predicted the recovery of patients infected with community-associated MRSA strains.

scholarly journals Phase IIa Study of the Immunogenicity and Safety of the Novel Staphylococcus aureus Vaccine V710 in Adults with End-Stage Renal Disease Receiving Hemodialysis

2012 ◽  
Vol 19 (9) ◽  
pp. 1509-1516 ◽  
Author(s):  
Moustafa Moustafa ◽  
George R. Aronoff ◽  
Chandra Chandran ◽  
Jonathan S. Hartzel ◽  
Steven S. Smugar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Renal Disease ◽  
End Stage Renal Disease ◽  
Geometric Mean ◽  
Surface Protein ◽  
Chronic Hemodialysis ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Primary Hypothesis ◽  
Stage Renal Disease ◽  
End Stage

ABSTRACTBacteremia is the second leading cause of death in patients with end-stage renal disease who are on hemodialysis. A vaccine eliciting long-term immune responses againstStaphylococcus aureusin patients on chronic hemodialysis may reduce the incidence of bacteremia and its complications in these patients. V710 is a vaccine containing iron surface determinant B (IsdB), a highly conservedS. aureussurface protein, which has been shown to be immunogenic in healthy subjects. In this blinded phase II immunogenicity study, 206 chronic hemodialysis patients between the ages of 18 and 80 years old were randomized to receive 60 μg V710 (with or without adjuvant), 90 μg V710 (with adjuvant), or a placebo in various combinations on days 1, 28, and 180. All 201 vaccinated patients were to be followed through day 360. The primary hypothesis was that at least 1 of the 3 groups receiving 2 V710 doses on days 1 and 28 would have a ≥2.5 geometric mean fold rise (GMFR) in anti-IsdB IgG titers over the baseline 28 days after the second vaccination (day 56). At day 56, all three groups receiving 2 doses of V710 achieved a ≥2.5 GMFR in anti-IsdB antibodies compared to the baseline (Pvalues of <0.001 for all 3 groups), satisfying the primary immunogenicity hypothesis. None of the 33 reported serious adverse experiences were considered vaccine related by the investigators. V710 induced sustained antibody responses for at least 1 year postvaccination in patients on chronic hemodialysis.

scholarly journals Clostridioides difficile infection in patients with end stage renal disease. Is it preventable?

2020 ◽  
pp. 11-21
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Renal Disease ◽  
End Stage Renal Disease ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Medical Personnel ◽  
Clostridioides Difficile ◽  
Clostridioides Difficile Infection ◽  
Stage Renal Disease ◽  
End Stage ◽  
Healthcare Associated

Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI) is a leading cause of a healthcare-associated diarrhea worldwide. Recently, an increased number of new cases and growing mortality due to CDI have been observed. Patients suffering from end-stage renal disease (ESRD) are most exposed to CDI. It has been proven that CDI in patients receiving renal replacement therapy (RRT) significantly increases mortality, prolongs hospitalization and increases the cost of treatment. Important risk factors of CDI in ERSD patients include hospitalization or stay in an intensive care unit in the last 90 days, HIV infection, bacteremia, prolonged antibiotic therapy and hypoalbuminemia. Cirrhosis, age over 65 years, hypoalbuminemia, longer hospitalization time and use of antibiotics are significant risk factors of death. Effective methods of preventing CDI include hand hygiene with soap and water, isolation of infected patients in a private room with a dedicated toilet, the use of masks, gloves, disinfection of the environment and systematic education and control of medical personnel, as well as rational antibiotic policy. In addition, it is important to avoid antibiotics with a proven risk of CDI, caution use of proton pump inhibitors (PPI) and H2 receptor antagonists. It is also important in the prevention of CDI in people with ERSD, to apply a fast diagnostic since the onset of the first symptoms. The use of probiotics and bile acids in the primary prevention of CDI requires further research. It seems that knowledge of these factors and methods of prevention will significantly reduce morbidity and mortality due to CDI.

Mortality of Chronic Hemodialysis and Renal Transplantation in Pediatric End-Stage Renal Disease

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1981 ◽  
Vol 67 (3) ◽  
pp. 412-416 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ellis D. Avner ◽  
William E. Harmon ◽  
Warren E. Grupe ◽  
Julie R. Ingelfinger ◽  
Angelo J. Eraklis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Renal Transplantation ◽  
Renal Disease ◽  
End Stage Renal Disease ◽  
Medical Center ◽  
Current Treatment ◽  
Chronic Hemodialysis ◽  
Actuarial Survival ◽  
Endstage Renal Disease ◽  
Stage Renal Disease ◽  
End Stage

The long-term mortality of chronic hemodialysis and renal transplantation was analyzed in all children treated for end-stage renal disease at Children's Hospital Medical Center over the past 8½ years. A total of 216 transplantation or dialysis courses in 120 patients were studied. No patients were excluded from treatment or analysis. Overall actuarial survival was 92% at six months, 90% at 12 months, and 89% at five years. When actuarial survival for each form of treatment was examined, patient survival was 100% at six months and 95% at five years for chronic hemodialysis; 92% at six months and five years for living related transplantation; and 88% at six months and 85% at five years for cadaveric transplantation. We conclude that most children with endstage renal disease can be kept alive with current treatment programs, and that the mortality of chronic hemodialysis in children is comparable to that of renal transplantation.

109 The Immunogenicity and Safety of a Novel Staphylococcus Aureus Vaccine (V710) in Adults with End-Stage Renal Disease Receiving Hemodialysis -A Phase IIA Study

2011 ◽  
Vol 57 (4) ◽  
pp. B44 ◽  
Author(s):  
Moustafa Moustafa ◽  
John Buerkert ◽  
Tarek Sobeih ◽  
Claude Galphin ◽  
Gaspar Barreto-Torrella ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Renal Disease ◽  
End Stage Renal Disease ◽  
Stage Renal Disease ◽  
End Stage
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