scholarly journals Facultative Sex Ratio Adjustment in Natural Populations of Wasps: Cues of Local Mate Competition and the Precision of Adaptation

2008 ◽  
Vol 172 (3) ◽  
pp. 393-404 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maxwell N. Burton‐Chellew ◽  
Tosca Koevoets ◽  
Bernd K. Grillenberger ◽  
Edward M. Sykes ◽  
Sarah L. Underwood ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sex Ratio ◽  
Natural Populations ◽  
Local Mate Competition ◽  
Mate Competition ◽  
Local Mate ◽  
Sex Ratio Adjustment

Experimental Evolution of Reduced Sex Ratio Adjustment Under Local Mate Competition

Science ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 334 (6059) ◽  
pp. 1127-1129 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Macke ◽  
S. Magalhaes ◽  
F. Bach ◽  
I. Olivieri
Keyword(s):  
Sex Ratio ◽  
Experimental Evolution ◽  
Local Mate Competition ◽  
Mate Competition ◽  
Local Mate ◽  
Sex Ratio Adjustment

Primary sex ratio adjustment by ant queens in response to local mate competition

2005 ◽  
Vol 69 (5) ◽  
pp. 1031-1035 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ludivine de Menten ◽  
Sylvia Cremer ◽  
Jürgen Heinze ◽  
Serge Aron
Keyword(s):  
Sex Ratio ◽  
Local Mate Competition ◽  
Mate Competition ◽  
Primary Sex Ratio ◽  
Local Mate ◽  
Sex Ratio Adjustment

scholarly journals Sex-ratio adjustment in response to local mate competition is achieved through an alteration of egg size in a haplodiploid spider mite

2012 ◽  
Vol 279 (1747) ◽  
pp. 4634-4642 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emilie Macke ◽  
Sara Magalhães ◽  
Fabien Bach ◽  
Isabelle Olivieri
Keyword(s):  
Sex Ratio ◽  
Egg Size ◽  
Spider Mite ◽  
Large Population ◽  
Spider Mites ◽  
Local Mate Competition ◽  
Mate Competition ◽  
Proximate Mechanisms ◽  
Local Mate ◽  
Sex Ratio Adjustment

Sex-ratio adjustments are commonly observed in haplodiploid species. However, the underlying proximate mechanisms remain elusive. We investigated these mechanisms in Tetranychus urticae , a haplodiploid spider mite known to adjust sex ratio in response to the level of local mate competition (LMC). In this species, egg size determines fertilization probability, with larger eggs being more likely to be fertilized, and thus become female. We explored the hypothesis that sex-ratio adjustment is achieved through adjustment of egg size. By using spider mites from a large population, we found that females produced not only a higher proportion of daughters under high levels of LMC, but also larger eggs. Moreover, in populations experimentally evolving under varying levels of LMC, both the proportion of females and the egg size increased with LMC intensity. These results suggest that sex-ratio adjustment in spider mites is mediated by egg size, although the causal relationship remains to be tested.

Local mate competition and the sex ratio

1980 ◽  
Vol 86 (3) ◽  
pp. 409-419 ◽  
Author(s):  
P.D. Taylor ◽  
M.G. Bulmer
Keyword(s):  
Sex Ratio ◽  
Local Mate Competition ◽  
Mate Competition ◽  
Local Mate

Study on mating ecology and sex ratio of three internally ovipositing fig wasps of Ficus curtipes

2009 ◽  
Vol 100 (2) ◽  
pp. 241-245
Author(s):  
F.P. Zhang ◽  
D.R. Yang
Keyword(s):  
Sex Ratio ◽  
Sex Allocation ◽  
Mating Behaviour ◽  
Local Mate Competition ◽  
Mate Competition ◽  
Mating Pattern ◽  
Fig Wasps ◽  
Competition Theory ◽  
Male Dispersal ◽  
Local Mate

AbstractStudies on mating ecology and sex allocation in fig-parasitizing wasps ovipositing from outside the fig have given valuable insights into known factors that are responsible for the theory of sex ratio. Similarly, internally ovipositing fig-parasitizing wasps and fig-pollinating wasps provide interesting models for comparative analysis. In addition to the fig-pollinating wasp Eupristina sp., we found that Ficus curtipes hosts two species of internally ovipositing fig-parasitizing wasps: D. yangi and Lipothymus sp. Eupristina sp. males showed less aggression. Eupristina sp. has wingless males that mate only within the natal patch, providing excellent examples of full local-mate competition. D. yangi males showed high levels of aggression and lethal combat. D. yangi has winged males but mate mostly within the natal patch. Only a few matings occur after male dispersal. Its sex ratio was lower than the prediction of partial local mate competition theory. Wingless male Lipothymus sp., which mate partly after dispersal, did not present fatal fight. Therefore, the mating behaviour of D. yangi and Lipothymus sp. did not follow predicted patterns, based on wing morph. The mating pattern of D. yangi and Lipothymus sp. should follow the partial local mate competition theory. Furthermore, there was not a significant correlation between the proportion of males and the proportion of fruit parasitized in both winged D. yangi males and wingless Lipothymus sp. males.

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