scholarly journals Cross‐Reactive Memory CD8+T Cells Alter the Immune Response to Heterologous Secondary Dengue Virus Infections in Mice in a Sequence‐Specific Manner

2008 ◽  
Vol 197 (4) ◽  
pp. 608-617 ◽  
Author(s):  
Coreen M. Beaumier ◽  
Anuja Mathew ◽  
Hema S. Bashyam ◽  
Alan L. Rothman
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
T Cells ◽  
Dengue Virus ◽  
Cd8 T Cells ◽  
Virus Infections ◽  
Memory Cd8 T Cells ◽  
Specific Manner

scholarly journals The route of priming influences the ability of respiratory virus–specific memory CD8+ T cells to be activated by residual antigen

2010 ◽  
Vol 207 (6) ◽  
pp. 1153-1160 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shiki Takamura ◽  
Alan D. Roberts ◽  
Dawn M. Jelley-Gibbs ◽  
Susan T. Wittmer ◽  
Jacob E. Kohlmeier ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
T Cells ◽  
Virus Infection ◽  
Cd8 T Cells ◽  
Respiratory Virus ◽  
Virus Infections ◽  
Memory Cd8 T Cells ◽  
Virus Clearance ◽  
Specific Memory ◽  
Respiratory Virus Infections ◽  
Lung Airways

After respiratory virus infections, memory CD8+ T cells are maintained in the lung airways by a process of continual recruitment. Previous studies have suggested that this process is controlled, at least in the initial weeks after virus clearance, by residual antigen in the lung-draining mediastinal lymph nodes (MLNs). We used mouse models of influenza and parainfluenza virus infection to show that intranasally (i.n.) primed memory CD8+ T cells possess a unique ability to be reactivated by residual antigen in the MLN compared with intraperitoneally (i.p.) primed CD8+ T cells, resulting in the preferential recruitment of i.n.-primed memory CD8+ T cells to the lung airways. Furthermore, we demonstrate that the inability of i.p.-primed memory CD8+ T cells to access residual antigen can be corrected by a subsequent i.n. virus infection. Thus, two independent factors, initial CD8+ T cell priming in the MLN and prolonged presentation of residual antigen in the MLN, are required to maintain large numbers of antigen-specific memory CD8+ T cells in the lung airways.

Memory CD8+ T cells vary in differentiation phenotype in different persistent virus infections

2002 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 379-385 ◽  
Author(s):  
Victor Appay ◽  
P. Rod Dunbar ◽  
Margaret Callan ◽  
Paul Klenerman ◽  
Geraldine M.A. Gillespie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
T Cells ◽  
Cd8 T Cells ◽  
Virus Infections ◽  
Memory Cd8 T Cells ◽  
Persistent Virus

scholarly journals Qualitatively Different Memory CD8+T Cells Are Generated after Lymphocytic Choriomeningitis Virus and Influenza Virus Infections

2010 ◽  
Vol 185 (4) ◽  
pp. 2182-2190 ◽  
Author(s):  
Scott N. Mueller ◽  
William A. Langley ◽  
Guimei Li ◽  
Adolfo García-Sastre ◽  
Richard J. Webby ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
T Cells ◽  
Influenza Virus ◽  
Cd8 T Cells ◽  
Lymphocytic Choriomeningitis ◽  
Lymphocytic Choriomeningitis Virus ◽  
Virus Infections ◽  
Memory Cd8 T Cells

scholarly journals Nonspecific Recruitment of Memory CD8+T Cells to the Lung Airways During Respiratory Virus Infections

2003 ◽  
Vol 170 (3) ◽  
pp. 1423-1429 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kenneth H. Ely ◽  
Linda S. Cauley ◽  
Alan D. Roberts ◽  
Jean W. Brennan ◽  
Tres Cookenham ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
T Cells ◽  
Cd8 T Cells ◽  
Respiratory Virus ◽  
Virus Infections ◽  
Memory Cd8 T Cells ◽  
Respiratory Virus Infections ◽  
Lung Airways

scholarly journals Memory CD8+ T Cells Provide Innate Immune Protection against Listeria monocytogenes in the Absence of Cognate Antigen

2003 ◽  
Vol 198 (10) ◽  
pp. 1583-1593 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rance E. Berg ◽  
Emily Crossley ◽  
Sean Murray ◽  
James Forman
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
T Cells ◽  
Listeria Monocytogenes ◽  
Innate Immune Response ◽  
Cd8 T Cells ◽  
Primary Source ◽  
Innate Immune ◽  
Memory Cd8 T Cells ◽  
Cognate Antigen ◽  
Ifn Γ

Interferon (IFN)-γ plays an important role in the innate immune response against intracellular bacterial pathogens. It is commonly thought that natural killer cells are the primary source of this cytokine that is involved in activating antibacterial effects in infected cells and polarizing CD4+ T cells toward the Th1 subset. However, here we show that both effector and memory CD8+ T cells have the potential to secrete IFN-γ in response to interleukin (IL)-12 and IL-18 in the absence of cognate antigen. We demonstrate that memory CD8+ T cells specific for the ovalbumin protein secrete IFN-γ rapidly after infection with wild-type Listeria monocytogenes (LM). Furthermore, small numbers of ovalbumin-specific, memory CD8+ T cells can reduce spleen and liver bacterial counts in IFN-γ–deficient mice 3 d after LM infection. Up-regulation of the receptors for IL-12 and IL-18 provides a mechanism for the ability of memory CD8+ T cells to respond in this antigen nonspecific manner. Thus, CD8+ T cells play an important role in the innate immune response against intracellular pathogens by rapidly secreting IFN-γ in response to IL-12 and IL-18.

scholarly journals Memory CD8 + T cells in HIV infection

2000 ◽  
Vol 355 (1395) ◽  
pp. 363-367 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew J. McMichael ◽  
Graham Ogg ◽  
Jamie Wilson ◽  
Margaret Callan ◽  
Sophie Hambleton ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
T Cells ◽  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Cd8 T Cells ◽  
T Helper Cells ◽  
Hla Class I ◽  
Interferon Γ ◽  
Virus Infections ◽  
T Helper ◽  
Memory Cd8 T Cells ◽  
Turn Over

Cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) play a central role in the control of persistent HIV infection in humans. The kinetics and general features of the CTL response are similar to those found during other persisting virus infections in humans. During chronic infection there are commonly between 0.1 and 1.0% of all CD8 + T cells in the blood that are specific for immunodominant virus epitopes, as measured by HLA class I peptide tetramers. These figures are greatly in excess of the numbers found by limiting dilution assays; the discrepancy may arise because in the latter assay, CTLs have to divide many times to be detected and many of the HIV–specific CD8 + T cells circulating in infected persons may be incapable of further division. Many tetramer–positive T cells make interferon–γ, β–chemokines and perforin, so are probably functional. It is not known how fast these T cells turn over, but in the absence of antigen they decay in number. Impairment of CTL replacement, because CD4 + T helper cells are depleted by HIV infection, may play a major role in the development of AIDS.

scholarly journals Memory CD8 + T cells from naturally acquired primary dengue virus infection are highly cross‐reactive

2010 ◽  
Vol 89 (1) ◽  
pp. 122-129 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heather Friberg ◽  
Lynne Burns ◽  
Marcia Woda ◽  
Siripen Kalayanarooj ◽  
Timothy P Endy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
T Cells ◽  
Virus Infection ◽  
Dengue Virus ◽  
Cd8 T Cells ◽  
Dengue Virus Infection ◽  
Memory Cd8 T Cells

scholarly journals A Novel Orf Virus D1701-VrV-Based Dengue Virus (DENV) Vaccine Candidate Expressing HLA-Specific T Cell Epitopes: A Proof-of-Concept Study

Biomedicines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 1862
Author(s):  
Alena Reguzova ◽  
Nico Fischer ◽  
Melanie Müller ◽  
Ferdinand Salomon ◽  
Thomas Jaenisch ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
T Cells ◽  
T Cell ◽  
Dengue Virus ◽  
Cd8 T Cells ◽  
Vaccine Candidate ◽  
T Cell Responses ◽  
Cd8 T Cell ◽  
Proof Of Concept ◽  
Cell Responses

Although dengue virus (DENV) affects almost half of the world’s population there are neither preventive treatments nor any long-lasting and protective vaccines available at this time. The complexity of the protective immune response to DENV is still not fully understood. The most advanced vaccine candidates focus specifically on humoral immune responses and the production of virus-neutralizing antibodies. However, results from several recent studies have revealed the protective role of T cells in the immune response to DENV. Hence, in this study, we generated a novel and potent DENV vaccine candidate based on an Orf virus (ORFV, genus Parapoxvirus) vector platform engineered to encode five highly conserved or cross-reactive DENV human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-A*02- or HLA-B*07-restricted epitopes as minigenes (ORFV-DENV). We showed that ORFV-DENV facilitates the in vitro priming of CD8+ T cells from healthy blood donors based on responses to each of the encoded immunogenic peptides. Moreover, we demonstrated that peripheral blood mononuclear cells isolated from clinically confirmed DENV-positive donors stimulated with ORFV-DENV generate cytotoxic T cell responses to at least three of the expressed DENV peptides. Finally, we showed that ORFV-DENV could activate CD8+ T cells isolated from donors who had recovered from Zika virus (ZIKV) infection. ZIKV belongs to the same virus family (Flaviviridae) and has epitope sequences that are homologous to those of DENV. We found that highly conserved HLA-B*07-restricted ZIKV and DENV epitopes induced functional CD8+ T cell responses in PBMCs isolated from confirmed ZIKV-positive donors. In summary, this proof-of-concept study characterizes a promising new ORFV D1701-VrV-based DENV vaccine candidate that induces broad and functional epitope-specific CD8+ T cell responses.

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