scholarly journals Long-Term Cocaine Use and Antiretroviral Therapy Are Associated with Silent Coronary Artery Disease in African Americans with HIV Infection Who Have No Cardiovascular Symptoms

2008 ◽  
Vol 46 (4) ◽  
pp. 600-610 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Lai ◽  
E. K. Fishman ◽  
H. Lai ◽  
R. Moore ◽  
J. Cofrancesco ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coronary Artery Disease ◽  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Antiretroviral Therapy ◽  
African Americans ◽  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Cocaine Use ◽  
Silent Coronary Artery Disease ◽  
Artery Disease

Vitamin D Deficiency is Associated With the Development of Subclinical Coronary Artery Disease in African Americans With HIV Infection

2012 ◽  
Vol 60 (5) ◽  
pp. 801-807 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hong Lai ◽  
Barbara Detrick ◽  
Elliot K. Fishman ◽  
Gary Gerstenblith ◽  
Jeffrey A. Brinker ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coronary Artery Disease ◽  
Vitamin D ◽  
Coronary Artery ◽  
African Americans ◽  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Vitamin D Deficiency ◽  
Artery Disease

scholarly journals HIV indirectly accelerates coronary artery disease by promoting the effects of risk factors: longitudinal observational study

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Márton Kolossváry ◽  
David Celentano ◽  
Gary Gerstenblith ◽  
David A. Bluemke ◽  
Raul N. Mandler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Coronary Artery Disease ◽  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Risk Scores ◽  
Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Cocaine Use ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Ascvd Risk ◽  
Artery Disease

AbstractOur objective was to assess whether human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infection directly or indirectly promotes the progression of clinical characteristics of coronary artery disease (CAD). 300 African Americans with asymptomatic CAD (210 male; age: 48.0 ± 7.2 years; 226 HIV-infected) who underwent coronary CT angiography at two time points (mean follow-up: 4.0 ± 2.3 years) were randomly selected from 1429 participants of a prospective epidemiological study between May 2004 and August 2015. We calculated Agatston-scores, number of coronary plaques and segment stenosis score (SSS). Linear mixed models were used to assess the effects of HIV-infection, atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) risk, years of cocaine use on CAD. There was no significant difference in annual progression rates between HIV-infected and—uninfected regarding Agatston-scores (10.8 ± 25.1/year vs. 7.2 ± 17.8/year, p = 0.17), the number of plaques (0.2 ± 0.3/year vs. 0.3 ± 0.5/year, p = 0.11) or SSS (0.5 ± 0.8/year vs. 0.5 ± 1.3/year, p = 0.96). Multivariately, HIV-infection was not associated with Agatston-scores (8.3, CI: [− 37.2–53.7], p = 0.72), the number of coronary plaques (− 0.1, CI: [− 0.5–0.4], p = 0.73) or SSS (− 0.1, CI: [− 1.0–0.8], p = 0.84). ASCVD risk scores and years of cocaine-use significantly increased all CAD outcomes among HIV-infected individuals, but not among HIV-uninfected. Importantly, none of the HIV-medications were associated with any of the CAD outcomes. HIV-infection is not directly associated with CAD and therefore HIV-infected are not destined to have worse CAD profiles. However, HIV-infection may indirectly promote CAD progression as risk factors may have a more prominent role in the acceleration of CAD in these patients.

P6156Coronary atherosclerosis characteristics in long-term antiretroviral therapy and HIV infection: insights from coronary CTA

2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
T Senoner ◽  
F Barbieri ◽  
A Adukauskaite ◽  
M Sarcletti ◽  
F Plank ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coronary Artery Disease ◽  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Calcium Score ◽  
Plaque Burden ◽  
Hiv Positive ◽  
Coronary Cta ◽  
Stenosis Severity ◽  
Artery Disease

Abstract Purpose To assess coronary artery disease (CAD) characteristics by coronary CT-angiography (CTA) in individuals with HIV-infection on long-term ART in a retrospective matched case-controlled cohort study. Methods 69 HIV positive patients who underwent 128-slice dual source coronary CTA (mean age 54.9 years, 26.1% females) with mean 17.8±9.4 years of HIV-infection and a mean duration on ART of 13±7.3 years were propensity score matched with 69 HIV negative controls. CTA was evaluated for: Stenosis severity (CAD-RADS), total plaque burden, mixed-non-calcified plaque burden (G-score), high-risk-plaque (HRP) features (Napkin-Ring-Sign, low-attenuation-plaque, spotty calcification, positive remodeling), perivascular fat attenuation index (FAI) and ectatic coronary segments. Results CAD-RADS was higher in HIV-positive participants as compared to controls (2.21±1.4 vs 1.69±1.5, p=0.031). A higher prevalence of CAD and G-score (p=0.043 and p=0.003) were found. HRP prevalence (23 (34.3%) vs 8 (12.1%); p=0.002) and the number of HRP (36 vs 10, p<0.001) were higher in HIV-positive individuals. A positive perivascular FAI >-70 HU was present in 27.8% of HRP. Ectatic coronary arteries were found in 10 (14.5%) individuals with HIV-infection vs 0% in controls (p=0.003). Conclusion(s) HIV positive individuals on long-term ART display higher CAD burden and more HRP indicating vulnerable, potentially inflamed plaques. CT- Angiography results HIV+ (N=67) HIV− (N=67) P-value CAD prevalence (any plaque), n (%) 56 (83.6) 46 (68.7) 0.043 SSS, mean ±SD 1.16±1.6 0.95±2.1 0.038 CAD RADS   0 11 22   1 11 7   2 10 21 <0.001   3 23 4   4 12 13   Total >50%, n (%) 35 (52.2) 17 (25.4) 0.001 CAD RADS, mean ±SD 2.21±1.4 1.69±1.5 0.031 SIS, mean ±SD 3.93±3.0 3.06±3.1 0.067 G-score, mean ±SD 10.04±8.5 5.76±5.9 0.003 Calcium score, mean ±SD 149.4±287.1 133.2±329.3 0.015 HRP, n (%) 23 (34.3) 8 (12.1) 0.002 HRP, n 36 10 <0.001 Non-calcifying plaque component, n (%) 44 (65.7) 34 (51.5) 0.097 Ectatic coronary segments, n (%) 10 (14.5) 0 (0) 0.003 CAD RADS: coronary artery disease reporting and data system; CCS: coronary calcium score; HRP: high-risk plaque; SIS: segment involvement score; SSS: stenosis severity score. 60 yo HIV-infected (31 yrs) male patient These features strongly support the predominant inflammatory theory of cardiovascular events in HIV-infected individuals. Acknowledgement/Funding None

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