scholarly journals Predictive Value of Cytomegalovirus (CMV) Antigenemia and Digene Hybrid Capture DNA Assays for CMV Disease in Human Immunodeficiency Virus-Infected Patients

1998 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 573-581 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Walmsley ◽  
K. O'Rourke ◽  
C. Mortimer ◽  
A. Rachlis ◽  
I. Fong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Predictive Value ◽  
Hybrid Capture ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Dna Assays ◽  
Cmv Disease ◽  
Cmv Antigenemia

scholarly journals Long-Term Predictive Value of a Single Cytomegalovirus (CMV) DNA PCR Assay for CMV Disease in Human Immunodeficiency Virus-Infected Patients

1998 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 281-283 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sharon Walmsley ◽  
Tony Mazzulli ◽  
Mel Krajden
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Predictive Value ◽  
Subsequent Development ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Pcr Assay ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Sensitivity Specificity ◽  
Cmv Disease ◽  
Dna Pcr

Universal prophylaxis with oral ganciclovir is not cost-effective for the prevention of cytomegalovirus (CMV) disease in human immunodeficiency virus infection. For a preemptive strategy to be considered, patients at highest risk for CMV disease need to be easily and accurately identified. In this study, the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value of a single CMV DNA PCR assay for the subsequent development of CMV disease were 0.75, 0.89, 0.75, and 0.89, respectively.

scholarly journals Use of a Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy Algorithm in a South African Population of Patients With Cervical Cancer and High Prevalence of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection

2018 ◽  
Vol 28 (7) ◽  
pp. 1432-1437 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leon Cornelius Snyman ◽  
Emma P. Bryant ◽  
Elize I. Wethmar ◽  
Tom de Greve ◽  
Florette Reyneke ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Lymph Node ◽  
Sentinel Lymph Node ◽  
Positive Predictive Value ◽  
Predictive Value ◽  
Detection Rate ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Sensitivity Specificity

ObjectivesCervical cancer is common in resource-poor settings with high prevalence of tuberculosis, pelvic inflammatory disease, and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. There are no data regarding the sentinel lymph node (SLN) algorithm in these high-risk cancer populations. Our objectives were to establish the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value of the SLN algorithm in cervical cancer and to compare the detection rate of indocyanine green (ICG) versus blue dye versus technetium Tc 99m nanocolloid (99mTc).MethodsThis prospective study was conducted at the University of Pretoria. 99mTc-nanocolloid tracer, ICG dye, and methylene blue (MB) were used to detect SLNs. Pathological ultrastaging was performed on hematoxylin-eosin– negative nodes.ResultsResults of 72 women were analyzed. The mean age was 47.2 years, 5.5% had a history of tuberculosis, 18.1% had pelvic inflammatory disease, and 65.3% were HIV positive. The SLN detection rate was 65.3%. Detection rate of MB was 56.9%; 99mTc, 69.4%; ICG, 87.5%; and the combination of MB and 99mTc, 91.7%. Pelvic nodal metastases occurred in 26.4%. The sensitivity, specificity, negative predictive value, and positive predictive value of SLN biopsy were 85.7%, 100%, 100%, and 98.33%, respectively. The false-negative rate was 14.3%, and it was 0% if the algorithm was applied.ConclusionsThe SLN algorithm is a feasible option for use in cervical cancer women with a high prevalence of HIV infection. The detection rate is generally lower, but in select subgroups of women, it was comparable to that reported elsewhere. This is the first report of the use of SLN biopsy in a substantial group of HIV-infected women.

scholarly journals Predictive Value of Provirus Load and DNA Human Immunodeficiency Virus Genotype for Successful Abacavir‐Based Simplified Therapy

2003 ◽  
Vol 187 (1) ◽  
pp. 38-46 ◽  
Author(s):  
Isabelle Pellegrin ◽  
Anne Caumont ◽  
Isabelle Garrigue ◽  
Patrick Merel ◽  
Marie‐Hélène Schrive ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Predictive Value ◽  
Virus Genotype ◽  
Provirus Load ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus

scholarly journals Validation of a Modified Commercial Enzyme-Linked Immunoassay for Detection of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Immunoglobulin G Antibodies in Saliva

2001 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 346-348 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bhavna H. Chohan ◽  
Ludo Lavreys ◽  
Kishorchandra N. Mandaliya ◽  
Joan K. Kreiss ◽  
Job J. Bwayo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type ◽  
Virus Type ◽  
Predictive Value ◽  
Saliva Sample ◽  
High Risk Population ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Hiv 1

ABSTRACT This study was performed to evaluate the performance of a saliva collection device (OmniSal) and an enzyme-linked immunoassay (EIA) designed for use on serum samples (Detect HIV1/2) to detect human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) antibodies in the saliva of high-risk women in Mombasa, Kenya. The results of the saliva assay were compared to a “gold standard” of a double-EIA testing algorithm performed on serum. Individuals were considered HIV-1 seropositive if their serum tested positive for antibodies to HIV-1 by two different EIAs. The commercial serum-based EIA was modified to test the saliva samples by altering the dilution and lowering the cutoff point of the assay. Using the saliva sample, the EIA correctly identified 102 of the 103 seropositive individuals, yielding a sensitivity of 99% (95% confidence interval [CI], 94 to 100%), and 96 of the 96 seronegative individuals, yielding a specificity of 100% (95% CI, 95 to 100%). In this high-risk population, the positive predictive value of the assay was 100% and the negative predictive value was 99%. We conclude that HIV-1 antibody testing of saliva samples collected with this device and tested by this EIA is of sufficient sensitivity and specificity to make this protocol useful in epidemiological studies.

scholarly journals Quantification of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 RNA Levels in Plasma by Using Small-Volume-Format Branched-DNA Assays

1998 ◽  
Vol 36 (7) ◽  
pp. 2096-2098 ◽  
Author(s):  
Torange Yeghiazarian ◽  
Yuqi Zhao ◽  
Stanley E. Read ◽  
William Kabat ◽  
Xiaoyi Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type ◽  
Virus Type ◽  
Small Volume ◽  
Branched Dna ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Dna Assays ◽  
Hiv 1

We have developed small-volume (50 or 250 μl)-format branched-DNA assays for human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) RNA for use with specimens in which the volume is limited and/or a high viral load is anticipated. These formats exhibited good correlation with the standard 1-ml format; high specificity, reproducibility, and linearity; and no significant difference in the quantification of HIV-1 subtypes.

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