Nationwide Outbreak of Red Eye Syndrome Associated With Transfusion of Leukocyte-Reduced Red Blood Cell Units

2006 ◽  
Vol 27 (11) ◽  
pp. 1146-1152 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juan Alonso-Echanove ◽  
Brian D. Sippy ◽  
Arthur E. Chin ◽  
Lisa Cairns ◽  
Rebecca Haley ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Red Blood Cells ◽  
Cellulose Acetate ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Animal Experiments ◽  
Response Relationship ◽  
Dose Response Relationship ◽  
Filter Membrane ◽  
Eye Pain ◽  
Red Eye ◽  
Potential Link

Objective.To characterize red eye reactions occurring within 24 hours after receipt of units of leukocyte-reduced red blood cells, determine their etiology, and investigate their potential link to transfusion.Methods.We conducted a survey of transfusion facilities nationwide to determine the scope and magnitude of the reactions; performed case-control and cohort studies among transfused patients at the facility where most reactions occurred; and performed animal experiments, using cellulose acetate derivatives extracted from leukocyte-reduction filters and filter precursors, to reproduce reactions.Results.From January 1, 1997, through January 15, 1998, we identified 159 reactions in 117 patients from 17 states. Reactions were characterized by conjunctival erythema or hemorrhage (in 100% of patients), eye pain (in 62%), photophobia (in 46%), and decreased visual acuity (in 32%). Symptom onset occurred 1-24 hours after initiation of transfusion and resolved within a median of 5 days. Reactions were associated with transfusion sessions that included units of red blood cells filtered with a specific brand of filter, the LeukoNet filter (HemaSure) (odds ratio, 100.4;P< .001). There was a dose-response relationship between the number of LeukoNet-filtered units transfused and the attack rate for reactions, ranging from 0.8% among sessions in which 1 unit was transfused to 27.3% among sessions in which 3 or more units were transfused (P< .001). A similar ocular syndrome was elicited in rabbits injected with cellulose acetate derivatives extracted from unused LeukoNet filters or filter precursors. No reactions were reported after LeukoNet filters were withdrawn from the market.Conclusions.This transfusion-associated red eye syndrome was linked to a specific brand of leukocyte-reduction filter and likely resulted from cellulose acetate derivatives leached from the filter membrane.

scholarly journals Alloimmunization following platelet transfusion: the absence of a dose- response relationship

Blood ◽  
1981 ◽  
Vol 57 (3) ◽  
pp. 395-398 ◽  
Author(s):  
JP Dutcher ◽  
CA Schiffer ◽  
J Aisner ◽  
PH Wiernik
Keyword(s):  
Red Blood Cells ◽  
Dose Response ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Platelet Transfusion ◽  
Acute Nonlymphocytic Leukemia ◽  
Response Relationship ◽  
Dose Response Relationship ◽  
Packed Red Blood Cells ◽  
Lymphocytotoxic Antibody ◽  
Platelet Transfusions

A major concern about the use of prophylactic platelet transfusions is the development of alloimmunization. To determine whether the rate of alloimmunization is related to the number of platelet transfusions, we measured the development of lymphocytotoxic antibody in the first 2 mo of induction therapy in patients with acute nonlymphocytic leukemia. All patients received prophylactic random donor platelets and packed red blood cells during induction. No patient had lymphocytotoxic antibody present at admission. One hundred and six patients received an average of 9.3 platelet transfusions (range 2–34) containing an average of 61 U (range 9–236). The rate of alloimmunization was 38% overall and correlated with refractoriness to platelet transfusions. Ten of 19 patients receiving less than or equal to 4 transfusions became immunized, compared with 30/87 patients receiving less than 4 transfusions. There was no relationship between the number of platelet transfusions given and the rate of severity of alloimmunization, suggesting prophylactic platelets need not be withheld expressly to prevent alloimmunization.

scholarly journals Alloimmunization following platelet transfusion: the absence of a dose- response relationship

Blood ◽  
1981 ◽  
Vol 57 (3) ◽  
pp. 395-398 ◽  
Author(s):  
JP Dutcher ◽  
CA Schiffer ◽  
J Aisner ◽  
PH Wiernik
Keyword(s):  
Red Blood Cells ◽  
Dose Response ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Platelet Transfusion ◽  
Acute Nonlymphocytic Leukemia ◽  
Response Relationship ◽  
Dose Response Relationship ◽  
Packed Red Blood Cells ◽  
Lymphocytotoxic Antibody ◽  
Platelet Transfusions

Abstract A major concern about the use of prophylactic platelet transfusions is the development of alloimmunization. To determine whether the rate of alloimmunization is related to the number of platelet transfusions, we measured the development of lymphocytotoxic antibody in the first 2 mo of induction therapy in patients with acute nonlymphocytic leukemia. All patients received prophylactic random donor platelets and packed red blood cells during induction. No patient had lymphocytotoxic antibody present at admission. One hundred and six patients received an average of 9.3 platelet transfusions (range 2–34) containing an average of 61 U (range 9–236). The rate of alloimmunization was 38% overall and correlated with refractoriness to platelet transfusions. Ten of 19 patients receiving less than or equal to 4 transfusions became immunized, compared with 30/87 patients receiving less than 4 transfusions. There was no relationship between the number of platelet transfusions given and the rate of severity of alloimmunization, suggesting prophylactic platelets need not be withheld expressly to prevent alloimmunization.

Hemoglobin crystals of the red blood cells in the human renal cortex: electron microscopic observations of the renal lithiasis

1978 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 480-481
Author(s):  
Kosuke Ueda ◽  
Hiroto Washida ◽  
Nakazo Watari
Keyword(s):  
Red Blood Cells ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Renal Cortex ◽  
Uranyl Acetate ◽  
Osmic Acid ◽  
Renal Lithiasis ◽  
Electron Microscopic ◽  
Hemoglobin C ◽  
First Case ◽  
Ultrathin Sections

IntroductionHemoglobin crystals in the red blood cells were electronmicroscopically reported by Fawcett in the cat myocardium. In the human, Lessin revealed crystal-containing cells in the periphral blood of hemoglobin C disease patients. We found the hemoglobin crystals and its agglutination in the erythrocytes in the renal cortex of the human renal lithiasis, and these patients had no hematological abnormalities or other diseases out of the renal lithiasis. Hemoglobin crystals in the human erythrocytes were confirmed to be the first case in the kidney.Material and MethodsTen cases of the human renal biopsies were performed on the operations of the seven pyelolithotomies and three ureterolithotomies. The each specimens were primarily fixed in cacodylate buffered 3. 0% glutaraldehyde and post fixed in osmic acid, dehydrated in graded concentrations of ethanol, and then embedded in Epon 812. Ultrathin sections, cut on LKB microtome, were doubly stained with uranyl acetate and lead citrate.

Densitometric Identification of Primitive Erythroblasts After Reaction With Diaminobenzidine

1973 ◽  
Vol 31 ◽  
pp. 328-329
Author(s):  
John A. Trotter
Keyword(s):  
Red Blood Cells ◽  
Analytical Method ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Guinea Pigs ◽  
Specific Protein ◽  
Visual Examination ◽  
Hemoglobin Synthesis ◽  
Peroxidatic Activity ◽  
Small Density

Hemoglobin is the specific protein of red blood cells. Those cells in which hemoglobin synthesis is initiated are the earliest cells that can presently be considered to be committed to erythropoiesis. In order to identify such early cells electron microscopically, we have made use of the peroxidatic activity of hemoglobin by reacting the marrow of erythropoietically stimulated guinea pigs with diaminobenzidine (DAB). The reaction product appeared as a diffuse and amorphous electron opacity throughout the cytoplasm of reactive cells. The detection of small density increases of such a diffuse nature required an analytical method more sensitive and reliable than the visual examination of micrographs. A procedure was therefore devised for the evaluation of micrographs (negatives) with a densitometer (Weston Photographic Analyzer).

Scanning electron microscopy of erythrophagocytosis by Entamoeba histolytica trophozoites

1992 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 880-881
Author(s):  
Victor Tsutsumi ◽  
Adolfo Martinez-Palomo ◽  
Kyuichi Tanikawa
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Red Blood Cells ◽  
Entamoeba Histolytica ◽  
Causative Agent ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Protozoan Parasite ◽  
Complex Phenomenon ◽  
Great Capacity ◽  
Scanning Electron

The protozoan parasite Entamoeba histolytica is the causative agent of amebiasis in man. The trophozoite or motile form is a highly dynamic and pleomorphic cell with a great capacity to destroy tissues. Moreover, the parasite has the singular ability to phagocytize a variety of different live or death cells. Phagocytosis of red blood cells by E. histolytica trophozoites is a complex phenomenon related with amebic pathogenicity and nutrition.

Ultrastructural observations on the in vitro cytoadherence of Plasmodium falciparum infected red blood cells

1990 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 914-915
Author(s):  
D.J.P. Ferguson ◽  
A.R. Berendt ◽  
J. Tansey ◽  
K. Marsh ◽  
C.I. Newbold
Keyword(s):  
Plasmodium Falciparum ◽  
Red Blood Cells ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Umbilical Vein ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Amelanotic Melanoma ◽  
Cytoplasmic Process ◽  
Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells

In human malaria, the most serious clinical manifestation is cerebral malaria (CM) due to infection with Plasmodium falciparum. The pathology of CM is thought to relate to the fact that red blood cells containing mature forms of the parasite (PRBC) cytoadhere or sequester to post capillary venules of various tissues including the brain. This in vivo phenomenon has been studied in vitro by examining the cytoadherence of PRBCs to various cell types and purified proteins. To date, three Ijiost receptor molecules have been identified; CD36, ICAM-1 and thrombospondin. The specific changes in the PRBC membrane which mediate cytoadherence are less well understood, but they include the sub-membranous deposition of electron-dense material resulting in surface deformations called knobs. Knobs were thought to be essential for cytoadherence, lput recent work has shown that certain knob-negative (K-) lines can cytoadhere. In the present study, we have used electron microscopy to re-examine the interactions between K+ PRBCs and both C32 amelanotic melanoma cells and human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC).We confirm previous data demonstrating that C32 cells possess numerous microvilli which adhere to the PRBC, mainly via the knobs (Fig. 1). In contrast, the HUVEC were relatively smooth and the PRBCs appeared partially flattened onto the cell surface (Fig. 2). Furthermore, many of the PRBCs exhibited an invagination of the limiting membrane in the attachment zone, often containing a cytoplasmic process from the endothelial cell (Fig. 2).

Phagocytosis of opsonized red blood cells by hepatocytes after gene transfer of chimeric Fc γR III Aα and γcDNA

2001 ◽  
Vol 120 (5) ◽  
pp. A356-A357
Author(s):  
M FURUKAWA ◽  
Y MAGAMI ◽  
D NAKAYAMA ◽  
F MORIYASU ◽  
J PARK ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Transfer ◽  
Red Blood Cells ◽  
Blood Cells
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document