Public Disclosure of Healthcare-Associated Infections: The Role of the Society for Healthcare Epidemiology of America

2005 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 210-212 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edward S. Wong ◽  
Mark E. Rupp ◽  
Leonard Mermel ◽  
Trish M. Perl ◽  
Suzanne Bradley ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Planning ◽  
Healthcare Providers ◽  
Public Disclosure ◽  
Healthcare Associated Infection ◽  
Healthcare Facilities ◽  
The Public ◽  
Disclosure Laws ◽  
The Right ◽  
Healthcare Associated ◽  
Healthcare Epidemiology

Prior to 2004, only two states, Pennsylvania and Illinois, had enacted legislation requiring healthcare facilities to collect nosocomial or healthcare-associated infection (HAI) data intended for public disclosure. In 2004, two additional states, Missouri and Florida, passed disclosure laws. Currently, several other states are considering similar legislation. In California, Senate Bill 1487 requiring hospitals to collect HAI data and report them to the Office of Statewide Health Planning was passed by the legislature, but was not signed into law by Governor Schwarzenegger, effectively vetoing it. The impetus for these laws is complex. Support comes from consumer advocates, who argue that the public has the right to be informed, and from others who view HAI as preventable and hope that public disclosure would provide an incentive to healthcare providers and institutions to improve their care.

Baseline assessment of therapeutic injection practices in Pakistan in 2020: a cross-sectional study

2021 ◽  
pp. 16-21
Author(s):  
Syed Sharaf Ali Shah ◽  
Safdar Pasha ◽  
Nikhat Iftikar ◽  
Altaf Ahmed Soomro ◽  
Nazia Farrukh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Sector ◽  
Healthcare Providers ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Health Facilities ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Injection Equipment ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Healthcare Facilities ◽  
The Public ◽  
Injection Safety

Objective: To assess the magnitude of the problem of injection safety in public and private health facilities in two districts of Sindh and Punjab provinces of Pakistan. Methods: A cross-sectional observational study was conducted between October and December 2020 among public and private health facilities of two districts of Pakistan: Gujarat in Punjab and Larkana in Sindh provinces. A convenient sample size of 60 healthcare facilities (30 from each district) was taken due to time and resource constraint. Six data collection tools were used which included structured observations and interviews with injection prescribers and providers based on WHO Revised Tool C, which were finalised after piloting. Results: Reuse of injection equipment was not observed in any of the 60 health facilities. In exit interviews of 120 patients, it was found that 27 (22.5%) patients reported receiving an injection, while 11 (9.2%) were prescribed intravenous (IV) drips. More injections and drips were prescribed in the private sector (n=15; 25.0%) in comparison with the public sector (n=12; 20.0%). Slightly higher proportion of IV drips were prescribed by the private providers when compared to public sector healthcare providers: 6 (10.0%) vs 5 (8.3%) respectively. Most of the prescribers (n=58; 96.7%) reported that patients who attended public and private health facilities demanded injectable medicines. Used syringes and drips were noted to be visible in open containers and buckets for final disposal in 20 (33.3%) assessed health facilities. Continuou...

Medical Waste: A Minimal Hazard

1991 ◽  
Vol 12 (11) ◽  
pp. 682-685 ◽  
Author(s):  
John H. Keene
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
New York ◽  
Healthcare Providers ◽  
Medical Waste ◽  
Healthcare Facilities ◽  
The Public ◽  
Treatment And Disposal ◽  
Elected Representatives ◽  
Potential Public Health ◽  
Medical Wastes

Healthcare providers need to be aware of the facts regarding the environmental impact of regulated medical wastes and be prepared to voice concern over unnecessary and costly regulations. The wash-ups of waste, a small percentage of which was medical waste, on the beaches on New York and New Jersey in the summers of 1987 and 1988 prompted an immediate response by state and federal governments. Although it was demonstrated that this medical waste did not originate in healthcare facilities,' the public demanded that their elected representatives do something about what they perceived to be the degradation of the environment and a risk to public health caused by “uncontrolled dumping” of “medical wastes” into the ocean. As a result of these and other occurrences, several environmental concerns regarding the treatment and disposal of medical waste were voiced by the public and acknowledged by the legislators. These included the following: aesthetic damage to the environment; potential public health problems associated with infectious agents in medical waste; and potential environmental contamination with hazardous chemicals and radioactivity associated with medical wastes.

scholarly journals Clinical Practice Guidelines for Clostridium difficile Infection in Adults and Children: 2017 Update by the Infectious Diseases Society of America (IDSA) and Society for Healthcare Epidemiology of America (SHEA)

2018 ◽  
Vol 66 (7) ◽  
pp. 987-994 ◽  
Author(s):  
L Clifford McDonald ◽  
Dale N Gerding ◽  
Stuart Johnson ◽  
Johan S Bakken ◽  
Karen C Carroll ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Clostridium Difficile ◽  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
Clostridium Difficile Infection ◽  
The United States ◽  
Healthcare Associated Infection ◽  
Adults And Children ◽  
Healthcare Associated ◽  
Healthcare Epidemiology

Abstract A panel of experts was convened by the Infectious Diseases Society of America (IDSA) and Society for Healthcare Epidemiology of America (SHEA) to update the 2010 clinical practice guideline on Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) in adults. The update, which has incorporated recommendations for children (following the adult recommendations for epidemiology, diagnosis, and treatment), includes significant changes in the management of this infection and reflects the evolving controversy over best methods for diagnosis. Clostridium difficile remains the most important cause of healthcare-associated diarrhea and has become the most commonly identified cause of healthcare-associated infection in adults in the United States. Moreover, C. difficile has established itself as an important community pathogen. Although the prevalence of the epidemic and virulent ribotype 027 strain has declined markedly along with overall CDI rates in parts of Europe, it remains one of the most commonly identified strains in the United States where it causes a sizable minority of CDIs, especially healthcare-associated CDIs. This guideline updates recommendations regarding epidemiology, diagnosis, treatment, infection prevention, and environmental management.

scholarly journals Building an Interactive Geospatial Visualization Application for National Healthcare-Associated Infection Surveillance (Preprint)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shuai Zheng ◽  
Jonathan R. Edwards ◽  
Margaret A. Dudeck ◽  
Prachi Patel ◽  
Lauren Wattenmaker ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Measurement ◽  
Healthcare Facility ◽  
The United States ◽  
Surveillance Program ◽  
Development Effort ◽  
Healthcare Associated Infection ◽  
Healthcare Facilities ◽  
National Healthcare ◽  
State And Local ◽  
Healthcare Associated

BACKGROUND The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention’s (CDC’s) National Healthcare Safety Network (NHSN) is the most widely used healthcare-associated infection (HAI) and antimicrobial use and resistance (AUR) surveillance program in the United States. Over 37,000 healthcare facilities participate in the program and submit a large volume of HAI and AUR surveillance data. These data are used by the facilities themselves, CDC, and other agencies and organizations for a variety of purposes, including infection prevention, antimicrobial stewardship, and clinical quality measurement. Among the summary metrics made available by NHSN are standardized infection ratios (SIRs), which are used to identify HAI prevention needs and measure progress at the national, regional, state and local levels. OBJECTIVE To extend the use of geospatial methods and tools to NHSN data, and in turn to promote and inspire new uses of the rendered data for analysis and prevention purposes, we developed a web-enabled system that enables integrated visualization of HAI metrics and supporting data. METHODS We leveraged geocoding and visualization technologies that are readily available and in current use to develop a web-enabled system designed to support visualization and interpretation of data submitted to NHSN from geographically dispersed sites. The server-client model-based system enables users to access the application via a web-browser. RESULTS We integrated multiple datasets into a single page dashboard designed to enable users to navigate across different HAI event types, choose specific healthcare facility or geographic locations for data displays, and scale across time units within identified time periods. We launched the system for internal CDC use in January 2019. CONCLUSIONS CDC NHSN statisticians, data analysts, and subject matter experts identified opportunities to extend the use of geospatial methods and tools to NHSN data and provided the impetus to develop NHSNViz. The development effort proceeded iteratively, with the developer adding or enhancing functionality and including additional data sets in a series of prototype versions, each of which incorporated user feedback. The initial production version of NHSNViz provides a new geospatial analytic resource built in accordance with CDC user requirements and extensible to additional users and uses in subsequent versions.

Infections due to Clostridium Difficile

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcia B Goldberg ◽  
Molly Paras ◽  
K.C Coffey
Keyword(s):  
Clostridium Difficile ◽  
Disease Process ◽  
The United States ◽  
Healthcare Associated Infection ◽  
Therapeutic Guidelines ◽  
Common Causes ◽  
Control And Prevention ◽  
Current Infection ◽  
Healthcare Associated ◽  
Healthcare Epidemiology

Clostridium difficile is one of the most common causes of healthcare associated infection in the United States. Despite significant attention and resources, national rates increased dramatically between 2000-2011 and have only started to decline in the last five years.. The Infectious Diseases Society of America (IDSA) and Society for Healthcare Epidemiology of America (SHEA) updated their clinical practice guidelines on the diagnosis and management of C. difficile disease in 2017. The recommended changes in therapeutic guidelines, recommendations for pediatric patient populations, and overview of available diagnostics are described herein. Additionally, this review discusses the changing epidemiology, examines the pathophysiology of the disease process, and outlines current infection control and prevention strategies.  This review has 6 figures and 9 tables. Key Words: Clostridium difficile, diarrhea, colitis, antibiotics, spores, nosocomial, hospital

Laws Pertaining to Healthcare-Associated Infections: A Review of 3 Legal Requirements

2012 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 75-80 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julie Reagan ◽  
Carl Hacker
Keyword(s):  
Infect Control Hosp ◽  
Healthcare Associated Infections ◽  
Healthcare Associated Infection ◽  
Legal Requirements ◽  
Us States ◽  
The Public ◽  
Data Submission ◽  
Legal Provisions ◽  
Healthcare Associated

We reviewed US state and territorial healthcare-associated infection (HAI) laws, specifically addressing 3 legal requirements: data submission, reporting of data to the public, and inclusion of facility identifiers in public reports. The majority of US states and territories have HAI laws. The 3 studied legal provisions are all commonly included in state HAI laws in varying forms; however, only a minority of states and territories specifically mandate all 3 legal requirements. The laws of the remaining states vary considerably.Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 2012;33(1):75-80

scholarly journals Strategies to Prevent Healthcare-Associated Infections through Hand Hygiene

2014 ◽  
Vol 35 (08) ◽  
pp. 937-960 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katherine Ellingson ◽  
Janet P. Haas ◽  
Allison E. Aiello ◽  
Linda Kusek ◽  
Lisa L. Maragakis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hand Hygiene ◽  
Scientific Evidence ◽  
Guidance Document ◽  
American Hospital ◽  
American Hospital Association ◽  
Healthcare Facilities ◽  
Adherence Data ◽  
Improvement Programs ◽  
Healthcare Associated ◽  
Healthcare Epidemiology

Previously published guidelines provide comprehensive recommendations for hand hygiene in healthcare facilities. The intent of this document is to highlight practical recommendations in a concise format, update recommendations with the most current scientific evidence, and elucidate topics that warrant clarification or more robust research. Additionally, this document is designed to assist healthcare facilities in implementing hand hygiene adherence improvement programs, including efforts to optimize hand hygiene product use, monitor and report back hand hygiene adherence data, and promote behavior change. This expert guidance document is sponsored by the Society for Healthcare Epidemiology of America (SHEA) and is the product of a collaborative effort led by SHEA, the Infectious Diseases Society of America (IDSA), the American Hospital Association (AHA), the Association for Professionals in Infection Control and Epidemiology (APIC), and The Joint Commission, with major contributions from representatives of a number of organizations and societies with content expertise. The list of endorsing and supporting organizations is presented in the introduction to the 2014 updates.

Outbreak of Healthcare-Associated Infection and Colonization With Multidrug-ResistantSalmonella entericaSerovar Senftenberg in Florida

2007 ◽  
Vol 28 (7) ◽  
pp. 805-811 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robyn S. Kay ◽  
Alexander G. Vandevelde ◽  
Paul D. Fiorella ◽  
Rebecca Crouse ◽  
Carina Blackmore ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Infection Control ◽  
Chronically Ill ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Healthcare Associated Infection ◽  
Healthcare Facilities ◽  
Infection Control Measures ◽  
Healthcare Associated ◽  
Chronically Ill Patients

Background.In July 1999, a rare strain of multidrug-resistantSalmonella entericaserovar Senftenberg was isolated from the sputum of a trauma patient. Over a 6-year period (1999-2005) in northeast Florida, thisSalmonellaserovar spread to 66 other patients in 16 different healthcare facilities as a result of frequent transfers of patients among institutions. To our knowledge, this is the first outbreak of healthcare-associated infection and colonization with a fluoroquinolone-resistant strain of S. Senftenberg in the United States.Objectives.To investigate an outbreak of infection and colonization with an unusual strain of S. Senftenberg and assist with infection control measures.Design.A case series, outbreak investigation, and microbiological study of all samples positive forS.Senftenberg on culture.Setting.Cases ofS.Senftenberg infection and colonization occurred in hospitals and long-term care facilities in 2 counties in northeast Florida.Results.The affected patients were mostly elderly persons with multiple medical conditions. They were frequently transferred between healthcare facilities. ThisSalmonellaserovar was capable of long-term colonization of chronically ill patients. AllS.Senftenberg isolates tested shared a similar pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) pattern.Conclusion.A prolonged outbreak of infection and colonization with multidrug-resistantS.Senftenberg was identified in several healthcare facilities throughout the Jacksonville, Florida, area and became established when infection control measures failed. The bacterial agent was capable of long-term colonization in chronically ill patients. Because the dispersal pattern of this strain suggested a breakdown of infection control practices, a multipronged intervention approach was undertaken that included intense education of personnel in the different institutions, interinstitutional cooperation, and transfer paperwork notification.

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