Improving Water Quality Can Reduce Pyrogenic Reactions Associated With Reuse of Cardiac Catheters

2003 ◽  
Vol 24 (12) ◽  
pp. 955-960 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rosemary E. Duffy ◽  
Braulio Couto ◽  
Jussara M. Pessoa ◽  
Carlos Starling ◽  
Silma Pinheiro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Cardiac Catheterization ◽  
Linear Trend ◽  
Phase 1 ◽  
Standard Operating Procedures ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cardiac Catheters ◽  
Standard Operating ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Belo Horizonte

AbstractObjective:To report the results of our preintervention investigation and subsequent 19-month three-phase intervention study designed to reduce pyrogenic reactions among patients undergoing cardiac catheterization using reprocessed catheters.Design:A case-control study for the preintervention period and a prospective cohort study for the intervention period.Setting:A 400-bed hospital in Belo Horizonte, Brazil.Participants:Any patient undergoing cardiac catheterization in the hospital.Interventions:Three intervention phases were implemented to improve the quality of the water supplied to the cardiac catheter reprocessing laboratory. Standard operating procedures for reprocessing cardiac catheters were established and reprocessing staff were trained and educated.Results:The rate of pyrogenic reactions decreased significantly during the intervention phases, from 12.8% (159 of 1,239) in phase 1 to 5.3% (38 of 712) in phase 2 to 0.5% (4 of 769) in phase 3 (chi-square test for linear trend, 97.5;P< .001).Conclusion:Improving water quality and using standard operating procedures for reprocessing catheters can prevent pyrogenic reactions in hospitalized patients.

scholarly journals Comparison of stress in freshman and senior nursing students

2019 ◽  
Vol 53 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fernanda Carneiro Mussi ◽  
Cláudia Geovana da Silva Pires ◽  
Luciana Santos Carneiro ◽  
Ana Lúcia Siqueira Costa ◽  
Fernanda Michelle Santos e Silva Ribeiro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nursing Students ◽  
Professional Education ◽  
Linear Trend ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Stress Factors ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Stress Levels ◽  
Chi Square Test

ABSTRACT Objective: To compare stress levels in freshman and senior nursing students. Method: A cross-sectional study was carried out in a public federal university of the state of Bahia, with students who answered questionnaires about sociodemographic variables, academic life, and a scale for assessing stress in nursing students. Chi-square and Fisher’s exact tests were applied to analyze the relationship between variables. To assess proportional trends between ordinal variables and groups, a chi-square test for linear trend was applied. The significance level was 5%. Results: One hundred and fifty-four students participated in the study. There was a tendency to higher stress levels among students in the last year compared to those in the first year, in four out of six domains: Performance of Practical Activities (p=0.00), Professional Communication (p=0.00), Environment (p=0.00) and Professional Education (p=0.00). Conclusion: High levels of stress were observed in students taking the last year. There is a need for broader research that includes other years of the course, an institutional reflection on stress factors and the adoption of an institutional policy that favors a better confrontation of stress factors.

scholarly journals A highly transmissible tuberculosis outbreak: the importance of bars

2017 ◽  
Vol 145 (16) ◽  
pp. 3497-3504 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. GODOY ◽  
M. ALSEDÀ ◽  
M. FALGUERA ◽  
T. PUIG ◽  
P. BACH ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Latent Tuberculosis Infection ◽  
Linear Trend ◽  
Latent Tuberculosis ◽  
Skin Tests ◽  
X Rays ◽  
Dose Response Relationship ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Social Events ◽  
Ltbi Prevalence ◽  
Chi Square Test

SUMMARYThe transmission of tuberculosis (TB) in bars is difficult to study. The objective was to describe a large TB outbreak in a company's bar and other leisure settings. A descriptive study of a TB outbreak was carried out. Contacts were studied in the index case's workplace bar (five circles of contacts) and other recreational areas (social network of three bars in the index case's neighbourhood). Chest X-rays were recommended to contacts with positive tuberculin skin tests (TST) (⩾5 mm). The risk of latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) was determined using an adjusted odds ratio. The dose–response relationship was determined using the chi-square test for linear trend. We studied 316 contacts at the index case's workplace and detected five new cases of TB. The prevalence of LTBI was 57·9% (183/316) and was higher in the first circle, 96·0% (24/25), and lower in the fifth, 46·5% (20/43) (P < 0·0001). Among 58 contacts in the three neighbourhood bars, two TB cases were detected and the LTBI prevalence was 51·7% (30/58). Two children of one secondary TB company patient became ill. Bars may be transmission locations for TB and, as they are popular venues for social events, should be considered as potential areas of exposure.

Formas variantes LOIRA ~ LOURA ~ LORA no português falado em Belo Horizonte

2015 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Patrícia De Cássia Gomes Pimentel
Keyword(s):  
Brazilian Portuguese ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Belo Horizonte ◽  
The City

Este artigo visa ao estudo dos ditongos em variação oi ~ ou nas formas variantes LOIRA ~ LOURA do português brasileiro falado neste século, na cidade de Belo Horizonte. A partir da coleta de dados e elaboração de tabelas, bem como de testes de qui-quadrado, observou-se que há uma tendência à monotongação de [ou] entre os informantes, o que culmina na realização da variante LORA, e que a realização entre mulheres e homens, considerando o número total de realizações em cada grupo, é significativamente diferente. Abstract This article aims to study the variation in diphthongs oi ~ ou in variant forms as LOIRA ~ LOURA of Brazilian Portuguese spoken in this century, in the city of Belo Horizonte. From the collection of data and drafting tables and chi-square test, it was observed that there is a tendency to monopththongization of [ou] between the informants, which results in the realization of the variant LORA, and that the realization between women and men, considering the total number of realization in each group, is significantly different.

Adjustment of Frequently Used Chi-square Procedures for the Effect of Site-to-Site Dependencies in the Analysis of Dental Data

1989 ◽  
Vol 68 (9) ◽  
pp. 1350-1354 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Donner ◽  
D. Banting
Keyword(s):  
Linear Trend ◽  
Multiple Site ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Haenszel Test

Donner and Banting (1988) presented a method of adjusting the standard chi-square test for the comparison of proportions when this procedure is applied to multiple-site dental data. The adjusted procedure allows for a comparison of two or more groups of subjects with respect to the prevalence over all sites of a specified characteristic, while taking site-to-site dependencies into account. In this paper, similar adjustments are presented for two other frequently used chi-square procedures, the chi-square test for linear trend and the Mantel-Haenszel test. Examples are given.

scholarly journals Assessing the Agricultural Drainage Water with Water Quality Indices in the El-Salam Canal Mega Project, Egypt

Water ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 1013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Walaa Assar ◽  
Mona G. Ibrahim ◽  
Wael Mahmod ◽  
Manabu Fujii
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Fuzzy Logic ◽  
Water Reuse ◽  
Water Resource Management ◽  
Drainage Water ◽  
Polluted Water ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Fuzzy Logic Approach ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Logic Approach

The water quality index (WQI) is considered one of the most promising methods for the classification of water quality (WQ), which also contributes to water resource management. This study adopted the irrigation WQ index (IWQI) and an analogous index based on a fuzzy logic approach, namely, the fuzzy logic water reuse index (FWRI) to assess the water quality in the El-Salam canal project in Egypt where agriculture drainage water (ADW) is expected to be reused for irrigation. Simulated WQ data using a one-dimensional hydrodynamic model indicated that the WQ deteriorated towards the downstream of the canal due to the polluted water discharged from canal feeders (e.g., the El-Serw and Bahr Hadous drains). The comparison of the FWRI and IWQI indices showed that the FWRI was more sensitive to variations in the WQ parameters compared to the IWQI. In contrast, the Z-test indicated that the indices have different statistical properties. Moreover, a chi-square test (X2) illustrated that the FWRI and IWQI values can both reasonably explain the current situation. However, the FWRI was more relevant to the official classification than the IWQI. Overall, the FWRI proved its capability and accuracy for the assessment of water quality in the El-Salam canal.

scholarly journals Assessment of the Adherence to Standard Operating Procedures of Covid-19 among Market Vendors in Sironko District

2021 ◽  
pp. 30-43
Author(s):  
Ali Kudamba ◽  
Abdul Walusansa ◽  
Jamil E. Ssenku ◽  
Shaban A. Okurut ◽  
Habib Namagembe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
Standard Operating Procedures ◽  
World Health ◽  
Sources Of Information ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Standard Operating ◽  
Cross Sectional Design ◽  
Health Organization

Introduction: Coronavirus disease is one of leading causes of deaths in recent times that has surpassed cardiovascular and other respiratory diseases. The World Health Organization (WHO) setup Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs) that have been adopted by the different governments to curtail its spread. Nonetheless, information on the adherence to the SOPs amongst market vendors is not well elucidated. Moreover, markets are centers of convergence of many people which increases the risks of community transmission. Therefore, our study, investigated the extent of the adherence to the SOPs amongst market vendors in Sironko district. Methodology:  A quantitative study with cross-sectional design was adopted with a sample size of 221 randomly selected participants. Pretested structured questionnaires were used in the data collection. Categorical data was presented in tables and graphs with frequency (%). Pearson’s Chi-square (X2) was used to examine the statistical significance of our results.  The analysis was done by using the statistical software MedCalc version 20.0008. All the analyses were done at 95% level of significance and a p<0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: A total of 221 participants were involved: 126, 57 % female, 80, 36% aged between 31-40 years and 158, 72% married.  Fever, dry cough, chest pain, arches & pain loss of speech & movements were the most reported signs and symptoms of COVID-19 (p<0.0001). Most of the respondents were aware of the SOPs, hand washing soap and adequate water were readily available (p<0.0001). The commonly implemented SOP was wearing face masks (p<0.0001). The radio talk shows & broadcasting were the main sources of information(p<0.0001). The inadequate facemasks and limited finances constrained the Implementation of SOPs (p<0.0001).  Conclusion:  Most market vendors were aware of the COVID-19 SOPs and claimed they adhered. However, there is need to carry out a qualitative study to confirm the above claims.  

scholarly journals HUBUNGAN PENGGUNAAN MASKER SUNGKUP SELAMA TERAPI NEBULIZER TERHADAP SATURASI PERIFER OKSIGEN PADA PASIEN PPOK DI IGD BRSU TABANAN TAHUN 2016

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 54
Author(s):  
Sastro Putre Gustiawan ◽  
Adi Satriani ◽  
Adi Satriani ◽  
Ni Putu Kamaryati ◽  
Inca Buntari Agustini
Keyword(s):  
Medical Staff ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Standard Operating Procedure ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Copd Patients ◽  
Standard Operating ◽  
Normal Outcome ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Relationship Of

Background. In Standard Operating Procedure, the use of hood mask on COPD patients in nebulizer therapy is used when necessary, which means that the medical staff able to wear a mask or not, it is because of lack of firmness in the Standard Operating Procedures created.Aim. To determine the relationship of the use of hoods during therapy nebulizer mask to saturation of peripheral oxygen in COPD patients in the ER Agency Tabanan General Hospital. Method. This research used non-probability sampling design, the sampling technique used in this study was consecutive sampling technique.Results. The respondents who wore hood mask on during nebulizer therapy as many as 84 respondents (98.8 percent), respondents who woremask on for 10-15 minutes by 85 respondents (100 percent), respondents who installed the rubber on mask during nebulizer therapy was 81 respondents (95.3 percent), the majority of respondents whom masks do did not come loose during nebulizer therapy as many as 76 respondents (89.4 percent). The saturation of oxygen peripheral therapy on COPD patients with nebulizer has a normal outcome as many as 82 respondents (96.5 percent).Conclusion. There was a significant relations between the use of hood mask during nebulizer therapy with the saturation of oxygen peripheral on COPD patients with the results of Pearson’s Chi-square test in Asymp.Sig value. (2-sided) of 0.00 (p = 0:00), because the value of Asymp.Sig. (2 -sided) 0:00 <0:05 (Alpha 5%).Suggestion. In a nebulizer therapy on COPD patients, medical staff should wear a hood mask during the therapy and follow-up the result of this study for the changes of standard operating procedures.Keywords:COPD, Hood Mask, Oxygen Peripheral Saturation, Nebulizer

scholarly journals Perception of Menstrual Normality and Abnormality in Spanish Female Nursing Students

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (17) ◽  
pp. 6432
Author(s):  
Ana Abreu-Sánchez ◽  
María Laura Parra-Fernández ◽  
María Dolores Onieva-Zafra ◽  
Elia Fernández-Martínez
Keyword(s):  
Nursing Students ◽  
Linear Trend ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Bivariate Analysis ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Daily Lives ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Student’S T

Menstrual problems are usually taboo; and often, some, such as dysmenorrhea, are presumed normal. This study seeks to compare the menstrual characteristics and symptoms of female university students reporting self-perceived normality concerning their cycles and menstruation with those who perceive their menstruation as being abnormal. A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted among 270 nursing students using a self-report questionnaire that included sociodemographic and gynecological issues, together with Visual Analog Scale, the Andersch and Milsom Scale, and the Spanish version of the EuroQol-5 Dimension (EuroQol-5D) to measure self-perceived health status. A bivariate analysis was performed using the chi-square test, linear trend chi-square, and Student’s t-test, and a multivariate analysis of stepwise binary logistic regression was performed to predict the perception of cycle abnormality. In total, 77.4% of participants displayed normality; however, in self-reporting of menstrual characteristics, 67.4% identified alterations. Young women suffering from menstrual dizziness were 1.997 (CI95% = 1.010–3.950; p = 0.047) more likely to manifest abnormal menstruation, 4.518 (CI95% = 1.239–16.477; p = 0.022) more likely if they suffered from Grade 3 menstrual pain, and 2.851 (CI95% = 1.399–5.809; p = 0.004) more likely if they perceived that menstruation interfered with their daily lives. Many menstrual changes and symptoms are still considered normal, making it difficult to identify and address these issues. Therefore, it is necessary to develop health policies and strategies to improve menstrual health literacy for increased knowledge and earlier diagnosis.

scholarly journals Hubungan Pengetahuan, Pelatihan, Penggunaan APD dan Fasilitas Kesehatan dan Keselamatan Kerja Terhadap Kecelakaan Kerja pada Proses Pengelasan di PT. Barokah Galangan Perkasa

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-64
Author(s):  
Rizki Hardiyan ◽  
Yudi Sukmono ◽  
Willy Tambunan
Keyword(s):  
Standard Operating Procedures ◽  
P Value ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Standard Operating

Perkembangan pesat industri mendorong penggunaan peralatan kerja dan bahan kimia dalam proses produksi semakin meningkat. Namun banyak masalah ketenagakerjaan yang timbul akibat ini, termasuk masalah kesehatan dan keselamatan kerja (K3). PT. Barokah Galangan Perkasa yang merupakan perusahaan penyedia jasa untuk rancang bangun kapal, perbaikan kapal serta sandar kapal. Meskipun demikian, fakta di lapangan menyatakan terdapat Standard Operating Procedures yang belum diterapkan. Hal ini dapat dilihat dari ketidakpatuhan para welder dalam menggunakan Alat Pelindung Diri. Berdasarkan permasalahan tersebut dilakukan penelitian hubungan pengetahuan, pelatihan, penggunaan APD dan fasilitas kesehatan dan keselamatan kerja terhadap kecelakaan kerja yang terjadi, metode analisis yang digunakan adalah analisis univariat dan analisis bivariat dengan uji Chi Square. Hasil penelitian membuktikan bahwa tidak ada hubungan antara pengetahuan dengan kecelakaan kerja dengan nilai p value = 0,233, terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara pelatihan k3 dengan kecelakaan kerja karena nilai p value = 0,005, tidak ada hubungan yang signifikan antara penggunaan APD dengan kecelakaan kerja karena nilai p value = 0,835, terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara fasilitas k3 dengan kecelakaan kerja karena nilai p value = 0,036. Berdasarkan hasil perhitungan didapatkan nilai probabilitas kecelakaan kerja pada varibel pengetahuan = 0,6896, pelatihan = 0,7241, penggunaan APD = 0,6551, dan fasilitas = 0,7241.

scholarly journals Knowledge and attitude towards organ donation: a study among medical and nursing students of a medical college

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (11) ◽  
pp. 5398
Author(s):  
T. K. Ghose ◽  
Jayant Deo ◽  
Vipul Dutt ◽  
Raju Agarwal ◽  
Barun Bhai Patel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nursing Students ◽  
Organ Donation ◽  
Linear Trend ◽  
Technological Advancement ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Knowledge And Attitude ◽  
End Stage

Background: Organ transplantation is one such field of modern medical sciences which has progressed over the years and has given hope for those suffering with end stage organ diseases. There are lot of advancement in technology to preserve and transplant of organs but with this technological advancement also there are still gaps in awareness regarding the subjects. To find the gaps this study was carried out in medical college students.Methods: A cross-sectional analytical study was conducted in medical college of Pune. 400 students were included in study with keeping 50% of prevalence about awareness in mind. Tool of data collection was a pre-structured questionnaire. Frequency, percentage, and chi square test Chi-square test for linear trend and was used to find associationResults: The 308 (77%) MBBS students and 92 (23%). Nursing students of all batches were included in the study. The 49.3% were aware about brain death, 68% students had fair knowledge and 10% had good knowledge about organ donation issues. The 82% students were positive, 94.5% students opined positively on policy on promotion of organ donation. The 52% students were ready to donate to anyone, while 30% students preferred to donate their organs to family members, 16% were ready to donate to their friends.Conclusions: Encouraging level of knowledge regarding organ donation, its legislative implications were present in medical and nursing students which was brought in this study.

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