Perioperative Antibiotic Prophylaxis in Spanish Hospitals: Results of a Questionnaire Survey

1999 ◽  
Vol 20 (6) ◽  
pp. 436-439 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carles Codina ◽  
Antoni Trilla ◽  
Nuria Riera ◽  
Montserrat Tuset ◽  
Xavier Carne ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Prophylaxis ◽  
Questionnaire Survey ◽  
National Health System ◽  
Surgical Site Infections ◽  
Surveillance Systems ◽  
Perioperative Antibiotic Prophylaxis ◽  
Spanish Hospital ◽  
Surveillance Programs ◽  
And Control

AbstractA questionnaire survey was sent to a random sample of the Spanish network of National Health System public acute-care hospitals. Of responding institutions (representing 25% of Spanish hospital beds), nearly 75% had active surveillance programs for the prevention and control of surgical-site infections (SSIs), but only 20% performed postdischarge surveillance. Overall, perioperative antibiotic prophylaxis (PAP) was used in 84% of all surgical procedures. For 77% of procedures, there were written guidelines for the choice and use of PAR Cefazolin was the most commonly used antibiotic (38%). Duration of PAP was shorter than 24 hours in 75% of procedures, and only a single dose was given in 52% of procedures. PAP was commonly used in breast (52%) and inguinal hernia repair (69%) procedures, as well as in laparoscopic abdominal surgery (86%). In summary, the use of PAP in Spanish hospitals is adequate, but improvements can be made in the frequency of prolonged PAP and in the use of broad-spectrum antibiotics. Surveillance systems for SSI, including postdischarge follow-up, also should be improved.

Influence of a strictly perioperative antibiotic prophylaxis vs a prolonged postoperative prophylaxis on surgical site infections in maxillofacial surgery

Infection ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 46 (2) ◽  
pp. 225-230 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander K. Bartella ◽  
Sebastian Lemmen ◽  
Aida Burnic ◽  
Anita Kloss-Brandstätter ◽  
Mohammad Kamal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Prophylaxis ◽  
Maxillofacial Surgery ◽  
Surgical Site Infections ◽  
Perioperative Antibiotic Prophylaxis ◽  
Postoperative Prophylaxis

scholarly journals Incidence of surgical-site infections in orthopaedic surgery: a northern Italian experience

2010 ◽  
Vol 139 (5) ◽  
pp. 777-782 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. CASTELLA ◽  
P. A. ARGENTERO ◽  
E. C. FARINA ◽  
L. CHARRIER ◽  
E. M. BRACH DEL PREVER ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surgical Site Infections ◽  
Public Hospitals ◽  
Surveillance Systems ◽  
Knee Prostheses ◽  
Surveillance Period ◽  
Italian Experience ◽  
Italian Regions ◽  
Post Operation ◽  
One Year

SUMMARYA prospective cohort study with a 1-year telephone follow-up was performed to estimate the incidence of surgical-site infections (SSIs) in hip and knee prostheses. Twenty-five public hospitals equipped with orthopaedic units in two Italian regions were involved. An 8-month surveillance period was set to obtain significant data at a regional level and data were collected by the infection control nurses of each centre. One-year follow-up was completed in 75% of cases. SSIs were recorded in 45 cases (incidence rate 1·9/100 person-years, 95% CI 1·4–2·5). Thirty-six percent of SSIs were diagnosed during hospitalization and 95·3% within 90 days post-operation. This incidence is similar to that reported by European and USA surveillance systems. The proposed investigative method proved to be reliable and feasible. A prolonged surveillance for at least 3 months post-operation yields a good estimate of SSI in joint replacements.

scholarly journals Single-center Experience with Perioperative Antibiotic Prophylaxis and Surgical Site Infections in Kidney Transplant Recipients

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Agata Ostaszewska ◽  
Piotr Domagala ◽  
Michał Zawistowski ◽  
Edyta Karpeta ◽  
Michal Wszola ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Antibiotic Prophylaxis ◽  
Kidney Transplant ◽  
Immunosuppressive Treatment ◽  
Surgical Site Infections ◽  
Individual Risk ◽  
Transplant Recipients ◽  
Kidney Transplant Recipients ◽  
Retrospective Case ◽  
Perioperative Antibiotic Prophylaxis

Abstract Background Infections in kidney transplant recipients are particularly challenging owing to the immunosuppressive treatment, usually long history of chronic illness, comorbidities and prior exposures to antibiotics. Among the most common complications early after surgery are surgical site infections. The aim of this study was to identify risk factors and evaluate epidemiological data regarding surgical site infections. Moreover, we were able to compare the current results with historical data from our institution when different perioperative antibiotic prophylaxis was practiced. Methods We conducted a retrospective case-control study in a group of 254 deceased donor renal graft recipients transplanted in a single Central European institution. We evaluated epidemiological findings and resistance patterns of pathogens causing surgical site infections. We used multivariable logistic regression to determine risk factors for surgical site infections. Results We revealed no differences in baseline characteristics between patients with and without surgical site infections. Ten surgical site infections (3.9%) were diagnosed (six superficial incisional, two deep incisional, and two organ/space). Eight species (19 strains) were identified, most of which were multi-drug resistant (63%). The most common was extended-spectrum β-lactamase producing Klebsiella pneumoniae (26%). We showed that statistically significant differences were present between reoperated and non-reoperated patients (adjusted odds ratio: 6.963, 95% confidence interval: 1.523–31.842, P = .012). Conclusions Reoperation is an individual risk factor for surgical site infection after kidney transplantation. According to our experience, cefazolin-based prophylaxis can be safe and is associated with relatively low prevalence of surgical site infections.

scholarly journals Analysis of the incidence of surgical site infections after open reposition of long bone fractures and closed fracture settings in a 7-year follow-up in an orthopedic and trauma ward in southern Poland

2020 ◽  
pp. 336-345
Author(s):  
Róża Słowik ◽  
Marta Wałaszek ◽  
Witold Zieńczuk
Keyword(s):  
Bone Fractures ◽  
Risk Index ◽  
Trauma Surgery ◽  
Surgical Site Infections ◽  
Long Bone ◽  
Women Patients ◽  
Surveillance Network ◽  
Healthcare Associated ◽  
And Control

INTRODUCTION. Surgical Site Infection (SSI) is the most common clinical form of Healthcare-Associated Infections (HAI) in orthopedic and trauma wards. MATERIAL AND METHOD. A retrospective study was conducted at the Department of Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery in Tarnów in 2012-2018. 3 155 patients treated for bone fractures were analyzed, including 1961 Open Reduction of Fracture (FX) and 1 194 Closed Reduction of Fracture with Internal Fixation (CR) surgeries. The study was conducted in accordance with the methodology recommended by the Surveillance Network (HAI-Net), European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC). The aim of the study was to assess the incidence of SSI in patients undergoing the FX and CR procedures. RESULTS. 28 SSIs were identified in the examined ward; 16 SSI cases related to the FX procedure and 12 cases related to CR. The incidence for FX was 0.8% and for CR 1%. In patients with diagnosed SSI, the stay in the ward was longer (p <0.001) than in patients without SSI. In FX operations, the standardized risk index (SIR) did not exceed the value of one. Staphylococcus aureus was the most common organism isolated from materials from patients with SSI. CONCLUSIONS. In the examined period, the median age of women was higher than that of men, which may indicate a higher incidence of fractures in women. Patients with diagnosed SSI had a longer stay in the ward than patients without SSI. The incidence of SSI in FX and CR has been reduced compared to previous studies in the same ward.

scholarly journals Reporting Surgical Site Infections (SSIs) Using Different Surveillance Systems— Complexity of Infection Matters

2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (S1) ◽  
pp. s372-s372
Author(s):  
Jennifer Ellison ◽  
Control ◽  
David Chakravorty ◽  
John Conly ◽  
Joseph Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Surgical Site Infections ◽  
Data Sources ◽  
Infection Prevention And Control ◽  
Systematic Sampling ◽  
Surveillance Systems ◽  
Improvement Program ◽  
Icd 10 ◽  
And Control ◽  
Over Time

Background: In Alberta, Canada, surgical site infections (SSIs) following total hip (THR) and knee replacements (TKR) are reported using 2 data sources: infection prevention and control (IPC), which surveys all THR and TKR using NHSN definitions and the Canadian International Classification of Disease, Tenth Revision (ICD-10-CA) codes, and the National Surgical Quality Improvement Program (NSQIP), which uses a systematic sampling process that involves an 8-day cycle schedule, modified NHSN definitions and current procedural terminology (CPT) codes. We compared the similarities and discrepancies in THR/TKR SSI reporting. Methods: A retrospective multisite cohort study of IPC and NSQIP THR/TKR SSI data at 4 hospitals was performed. SSI data were collected between September 1, 2015, and March 31, 2018. Demographic information and complex and total SSIs reported by IPC and NSQIP were compared for both THR and TKR surgeries. To determine whether both data sources reported similar trends over time, total SSIs by quarter were compared. Univariate analyses using a t test for age and the χ2 test for gender for complex SSIs and total SSIs was performed. The Pearson correlation and the Shapiro-Wilk test were used to assess the THR and TKR trends between the 2 data sources. A P value of <.05 was considered significant. Results: Following the removal of duplicates and missing data, 7,549 IPC and 2,037 NSQIP patients, respectively, were compared. Age, gender, and other demographic parameters were not significantly different. Total THR and TKR SSIs per 100 procedures using NSQIP data were significantly higher than the same rates using IPC data: THR, 2.25 versus 0.92 (P < .05) and TKR, 3.43 versus 1.26 (P < .05). Both IPC and NSQIP data indicated increasing total THR SSI rates over time, but with different magnitudes (r = 0.658). For total TKR SSI, the IPC rate decreased, whereas the NSQIP rate increased over the same period (r = 0.374). When superficial SSIs were excluded, the rates reported between IPC and NSQIP data by hospital and by procedure type were more comparable, with trends toward higher rates reported by NSQIP for THR than for TKR: THR, 1.19 versus 0.68 (P = 0.15) and TKR, 0.92 versus 0.80 (P = .68). Conclusions: Different approaches used to monitor SSIs following surgeries may lead to different results and trend patterns. NSQIP reports total SSI rates that are significantly higher than the IPC Alberta orthopedic population predominantly as a result of increased identification of superficial SSIs. Because the diagnosis of superficial SSIs may be less reliable, SSI reporting should focus on complex infections.Funding: NoneDisclosures: None

scholarly journals Perioperative Antibiotic Prophylaxis: Knowledge and Attitudes among Resident Physicians in Italy

Antibiotics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 357
Author(s):  
Concetta Paola Pelullo ◽  
Angela Pepe ◽  
Francesco Napolitano ◽  
Nicola Coppola ◽  
Gabriella Di Giuseppe
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Prophylaxis ◽  
Multiple Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Surgical Site Infections ◽  
Knowledge Score ◽  
National Guidelines ◽  
Online Questionnaire ◽  
Perioperative Antibiotic Prophylaxis ◽  
Knowledge And Attitudes ◽  
Adequate Knowledge ◽  
Resident Physicians

The aim of this study is to evaluate knowledge and attitudes on the perioperative antibiotic prophylaxis (PAP) among surgery and anesthesiology resident physicians in Italy. A Web-based national survey of Italian surgery and anesthesiology resident physicians was conducted between March 2018 and January 2019. Participants completed a questionnaire and three case vignettes for each specialty. Of the 1282 resident physicians selected, 466 completed the online questionnaire for a response rate of 36.3%. More than half of the sample were female (52.9%), and the mean age was 30 years. A total of 36.3% of the participants had an adequate knowledge score about PAP. Multiple logistic regression analysis showed that resident physicians in general surgery compared to those in anesthesiology, those who agreed that PAP must be performed within 60 min before surgical incision, and those who were aware regarding the availability about the availability of national guidelines on PAP, were significantly more likely to have adequate knowledge about PAP. Moreover, 14% of participants were very concerned that patients may contract surgical site infections during hospitalization. These findings should be useful to promote educational intervention specifically targeted for surgery and anesthesiology resident physicians organizing training course on PAP, to improve the correct antibiotic use and to prevent healthcare-associated infections.

scholarly journals Equity and the Cuban National Health System's response to COVID-19

2021 ◽  
Vol 45 ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Pedro Mas Bermejo ◽  
Lizet Sánchez Valdés ◽  
Lorenzo Somarriba López ◽  
Nelly Cristina Valdivia Onega ◽  
María Josefina Vidal Ledo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
National Health ◽  
National Health System ◽  
Health Coverage ◽  
First Case ◽  
National Mortality ◽  
The Government ◽  
And Control ◽  
Universal Protocol ◽  
Principle Of Territoriality

Cuba’s National Health System has managed to guarantee an effective and equitable response to COVID-19. Universal and free health coverage, based on primary care, follows the principle of equity and the greatest resources are allocated to areas of the lowest socioeconomic stratum (where higher risk is concentrated), followed by those of medium and high strata, in that order. This allowed for similar mortality rates in the three strata, and Cuban national mortality rate was one of the lowest in the Region of the Americas. Before the first case was identified in Cuba, a Plan for Coronavirus Prevention and Control was elaborated with multisectoral participation, and when the first case was confirmed the Temporary National Working Group to Fight COVID-19 was created as an advisory body of the government. The actions to face the pandemic began with preventive measures in the community, continued in the isolation centers and ended again in the community with actions of surveillance and follow up of recovered patients. Following the principle of territoriality, molecular diagnosis laboratories were created in the provinces that did not have one. Free medical care and treatment; the preparation of a single national intersectoral government plan; the use of particular strategies for research, diagnosis and case tracing; and the implementation of a universal protocol for disease prevention and treatment of confirmed cases made it possible to control the disease with a health equity perspective.

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