The Alleged "Massacre" at Cirta and Its Consequences (Sallust Bellum Iugurthinum 26-27)

2000 ◽  
Vol 95 (4) ◽  
pp. 468-476
Author(s):  
R. Morstein-Marx
Keyword(s):  
Bellum Iugurthinum

Optimates/Populares

Classics ◽  
2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cristina Rosillo-López
Keyword(s):  
Roman Republic ◽  
Political Communication ◽  
Political Strategy ◽  
Marcus Tullius Cicero ◽  
Cambridge University ◽  
The People ◽  
Republican Rome ◽  
Similar Term ◽  
Bellum Iugurthinum ◽  
Late Roman

Populares and optimates are two political denominations, especially used in ancient Roman politics during the 1st century bce during the Late Roman Republic (although the sources apply them sometimes to the 2nd century bce). The basis of such differentiation is Marcus Tullius Cicero (106–43 bce), Pro Sestio 96, which defined populares and optimates as two distinct political categories. Popularis (adjective, singular of the plural populares in Latin) is an ambiguous term: it could connote “pleasing to the people” or “in the interest of the people”; the term to define the opposite of the senatorial majority, a combination of a certain political strategy and a certain type of political eloquence (eloquentia popularis) or, finally, a certain political tradition. Many politicians termed populares were tribunes of the plebs and some of them died or were murdered in violent confrontations with the Senate. The term optimates, or boni (a similar term, not exactly a synonym), rarely occur in the sources. People ascribed to this group in modern scholarship are those who believed in senatorial authority and/or those supporting the interests of the wealthy. However, identification can be also problematic. Some of the main sources are Cicero, Pro Sestio 96 (takes a negative view; main locus of the confrontation optimates-populares); Sallust, Bellum Catilinae 20; Bellum Iugurthinum 31 (Memmius’s speech) and 85 (Marius’s speech); Historiae 1.55 (Lepidus’s speech) and 3.48 (Macer’s speech). Sallust’s Epistulae ad Caesarem have been considered to be both fake and authentic (latest edition Antonio Duplá, Guillermo Fatás, and Francisco Pina Polo, Rem publicam restituere: una propuesta popularis para la crisis republicana: las Epistulae ad Caesarem de Salustio [Zaragoza, Spain: Departamento de ciencias de la antigüedad Universidad de Zaragoza, 1994] considers them authentic). Best introductions in English: Zvi Yavetz, Plebs and princeps (New Brunswick, NJ: Transaction, 1988); Nicola Mackie, Popularis ideology and popular politics at Rome in the first century B. C. Rheinisches Museum für Philologie 135 (1992): 49–73; Margaret Robb, Beyond « populares » and « optimates »: political language in the late Republic (Stuttgart: Steiner, 2010); Antonio Duplá, “Consules populares,” in Consuls and res publica: holding high office in the Roman Republic, edited by Hans Beck, Antonio Duplá, Martin Jehne and Francisco Pina Polo (Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press, 2011), pp. 279–298; Claudia Tiersch, “Political Communication in the Late Roman Republic: Semantic Battles between Optimates and Populares?” in Institutions and Ideology in Republican Rome. Speech, Audience and Decision, edited by H. van der Blom, C. Gray and C. Steel (Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press, 2018), pp. 35–68.

scholarly journals Bibliografija prof. Milana Grošlja

Linguistica ◽  
1979 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-43
Author(s):  
Martin Benedik
Keyword(s):  
Bellum Iugurthinum

1. Salust, Bellum Iugurthinum (skupaj z M.Bajukom).Tekst in komentar. Ljubljana 1938, loo + 63 str.2. Cicero, Orationes in Catilinam (skupaj z M.Bajukom).Tekstin komentar. Ljubljana 1938, 41 + 43 str.3. Izbor iz Ovidovih pesmi (skupaj z M.Bajukom).Tekst in komentar. Ljubljana 1939, 96 + 99 str.

scholarly journals A propósito de un pasaje de Salustio (Bellum Iugurthinum, X, I)

1958 ◽  
Vol 9 (28) ◽  
pp. 299-308
Author(s):  
Tomas de la A. Recio
Keyword(s):  
Bellum Iugurthinum

Introduction

2009 ◽  
pp. 1-35
Author(s):  
Michael Comber ◽  
Catalina Balmaceda
Keyword(s):  
The State ◽  
Historical Writing ◽  
Writing Style ◽  
Ancient Times ◽  
Bellum Iugurthinum

This chapter focuses on Gaius Sallustius Crispus, a Roman historian who was famously known as Sallust and was born in Amiternuma in 86 BC, in which he was speculated to belong to the local aristocracy. It analyzes three major works Sallust produced after his retirement from politics in 44 BC: Bellum Catilinae, Bellum Iugurthinum, and Historiae. It also points out how Sallust did not find writing history easy as he compared the arduous labour of historical writing to politics or warfare in service of the state. The chapter recounts Sallust's creation of a particular manner of writing history. It explains how his writing style attracted attention and discussion both in ancient times and the present as it is described as archaic and innovatory but, at the same time, abrupt and artistic.

Sallust: Bellum Iugurthinum

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-2
Author(s):  
Egidius Schmalzriedt ◽  
Peter Alois Kuhlmann
Keyword(s):  
Bellum Iugurthinum
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document