Human Molecular Biology Laboratory Manual.  By Stefan  Surzycki. Malden (Massachusetts): Blackwell Publishing. $49.95 (comb binding). xiv + 229 p; ill.; index. ISBN: 0–632–04676–7. 2003.

ABSTRAK Kelapa Genjah kopyor asal Pati, Jawa Tengah merupakan kekayaaan hayati asli Indonesia dengan nilai ekonomi tinggi. Informasi keragaman genetik kelapa kopyor masih terbatas. Data keragaman morfologi dan genetik diperlukan dalam program pemuliaan kelapa kopyor. Penelitian ini mempelajari keragaman tiga varietas kelapa genjah kopyor asal Pati yang telah dilepas berdasarkan karakter morfologi, kuantitas endosperma, dan keragaman alel marka SSR. Penelitian dilakukan di Pati dan di Laboratorium Plant Molecular Biology, Departemen Agronomi dan Hortikultura, IPB. Evaluasi dilakukan terhadap tiga populasi kelapa Genjah kopyor (hijau, coklat, dan kuning) dengan 30 tanaman sampel untuk setiap populasi. Rataan data morfologi digunakan untuk menyusun dendogram. Kuantitas endosperma diamati pada satu buah kelapa kopyor per tanaman yang dievaluasi. Karakteristik endosperma dikelompokkan sesuai kategori yang telah ditetapkan. Untuk setiap populasi, analisis marka dengan lima pasang primer SSR dilakukan pada 10 tanaman sampel. Data yang didapat digunakan untuk menentukan keragaman genetik kelapa Genjah kopyor asal Pati. Hasil pengamatan menunjukkan keragaman morfologis dan alel SSR antar tanaman dalam varietasnya (keragaman intra-varietas) rendah. Sebaliknya, keragaman morfologis dan alel SSR antar varietasnya tinggi. Kuantitas endosperma kelapa Genjah kopyor asal Pati bervariasi antara skor 1–6. Keragaman genetik yang rendah dalam varietas dan tinggi antar ketiga varietas (coklat, hijau, dan kuning) memperkuat pelepasan ketiganya sebagai varietas lokal. Selain itu, keragaman genetik antar tanaman dalam varietas yang rendah mendukung penggunaan ketiga varietas lokal sebagai tetua dalam program perakitan varietas kelapa kopyor unggul baru. Tetua yang dipilih dapat diseleksi intra-varietas berdasarkan persentase buah kopyor per tandan dan skor kuantitas endosperma yang tinggi. Kata kunci: Keragaman morfologis, keragaman intra dan antar varietas, kuantitas endospermaABSTRACT Kopyor dwarf coconuts are mutants from Pati, Central Java having high economic values. However, morphological and genetic diversities of this coconut were still limited. Morphological and genetic diversity data are needed for breeding program. The research objectives were to evaluate intra and inter-specific diversity based on morphology, endosperm quantity, and SSR alleles. Field evaluations were conducted in Pati while laboratory activities were at Plant Molecular Biology Laboratory, Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, IPB. Three populations of kopyor dwarf varieties (brown, green, and yellow) were evaluated. Thirty trees were sampled for each population. The average of morphological data were used to construct cluster analysis. Endosperm quantity was scored (0 – 9) based on a single nut sample. Ten palms were analyzed using five SSR loci for each population and used to determine genetic diversity of populations. Results of observations indicated intra-variety morphological and SSR allele variations among kopyor dwarf was low. However, inter-variety variations were high. The endosperm quantity scores among kopyor dwarf coconut ranged from 1–6. The low intra- variety and high inter-variety variations among the three kopyor dwarf coconut supported their release as different local varieties. Moreover, the low intra-variety phenotypic and genotypic diversities among kopyor brown, green, and yellow dwarf coconut support their use as parents for new and superior kopyor coconut variety development in the future. For such purpose, however, it is necessary to conduct intra-variety selection to identify desirable parents based on high kopyor fruit percentage per bunch and for high kopyor endosperm quantity. Key words: Morphological diversity, intra and inter variety diversities, quantity, endosperm

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