scholarly journals Differential Interferon-  Production Characterizes the Cytokine Responses to Leishmania and Mycobacterium leprae Antigens in Concomitant Mucocutaneous Leishmaniasis and Lepromatous Leprosy

2005 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. e5-e12 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. S. Matos ◽  
R. B. G. Azeredo-Coutinho ◽  
A. Schubach ◽  
F. Conceicao-Silva ◽  
C. Baptista ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mycobacterium Leprae ◽  
Lepromatous Leprosy ◽  
Interferon Production ◽  
Mucocutaneous Leishmaniasis ◽  
Cytokine Responses

Infections due to Mycobacterium leprae and Nontuberculous Mycobacteria

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael K Leonard Jr ◽  
Henry M Blumberg ◽  
Carlos Franco-Paredes
Keyword(s):  
Nontuberculous Mycobacteria ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Mycobacterium Leprae ◽  
Lepromatous Leprosy ◽  
Molecular Diagnostic ◽  
Diagnostic Tools ◽  
Human Pathogens ◽  
Mycobacterial Infections ◽  
Rapidly Growing Mycobacteria ◽  
Treatment Regimens

Mycobacterium leprae infection (i.e., leprosy) is a disease that has been recognized—and often misunderstood—since ancient times. The emergence of HIV/AIDS and the development of newer culture methodologies and molecular diagnostic tools have brought about increased interest in the epidemiology, diagnosis, and treatment of human infections from nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM). More than 140 species of NTM have been identified; approximately 50 of these may be pathogenic for humans, causing a broad spectrum of disease. This chapter covers both M. leprae and selected NTM organisms, including M. avium complex; M. kansasii; M. marinum; and rapidly growing mycobacteria such as M. chelonae, M. fortuitum, and M. abscessus. The section on leprosy encompasses subsections on diagnosis, clinical manifestations and classification, laboratory studies, treatment, and leprosy reactions. Treatments for nontuberculous mycobacteria infections are also covered. Figures include a natural history of leprosy, tuberculoid leprosy, lepromatous leprosy, and various forms of borderline leprosy, as well as type 1 and type 2 leprosy reaction. Tables include the Ridley-Jopling classification of leprosy, recommendations for treatment of leprosy, clinical characteristics and treatment of leprosy, major clinical syndromes associated with nontuberculous mycobacterial infections, diagnosing nontuberculous mycobacterial lung disease, a listing of slow and rapidly growing mycobacteria that are human pathogens, plus treatment regimens for selected nontuberculous mycobacterial infections in adults. This review contains 59 references.

scholarly journals Evaluation of agreement between clinical and histopathological diagnosis of subtype of leprosy by skin punch biopsy

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 4-8
Author(s):  
Suman Poudel ◽  
Sunita Ranabhat ◽  
Gita Pun
Keyword(s):  
Mycobacterium Leprae ◽  
Punch Biopsy ◽  
Lepromatous Leprosy ◽  
P Value ◽  
Histopathological Diagnosis ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Moderate Agreement ◽  
Skin Punch Biopsy ◽  
Tuberculoid Leprosy ◽  
Granulomatous Diseases

Introduction: Leprosy is chronic granulomatous disease caused by Mycobacterium leprae. Clinically diagnosed cases of leprosy can be evaluated by punch biopsy. It can be classified according to Ridley and Jopling Classification. Objective: To study the different spectrum of leprosy and its Bacillary Index (BI), evaluate the agreement between clinical and histopathological diagnosis. Materials and Methods: This is a hospital based cross sectional retrospective study done for the period of 6 months from January to June 2019. The data were subjected to kappa analysis by using SPSS version 24 to see the agreement between clinical and histopathological diagnosis. Results: Out of 62 cases of clinically diagnosed cases of leprosy three (4.83%) cases turned out to be other granulomatous diseases. According to Ridley and Jopling classification, clinical and histopathological agreement was seen in 38 (61.29%) cases. Agreement of 100% was seen in Indeterminate leprosy (IL) and Borderline tuberculoid leprosy (BT). The BI was more in Lepromatous leprosy (LL), Borderline lepromatous (BL) whereas IL, BT and Tuberculoid leprosy (TT) showed less BI. Overall there was moderate agreement between clinical and histopathological diagnosis (kappa- 0.505) which was statistically significant (p value <0.05). Conclusion: There was moderate agreement between the clinical and histopathological diagnosis of subtype of leprosy. The Bacillary load was high in LL whereas least in TT and is determined by immune system.

Mycobacterium leprae genotype amplified from an archaeological case of lepromatous leprosy in Central Asia

2009 ◽  
Vol 36 (10) ◽  
pp. 2408-2414 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Michael Taylor ◽  
Soren Blau ◽  
Simon Mays ◽  
Marc Monot ◽  
Oona Y.-C. Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Central Asia ◽  
Mycobacterium Leprae ◽  
Lepromatous Leprosy

scholarly journals Lsr2 Peptides of Mycobacterium leprae Show Hierarchical Responses in Lymphoproliferative Assays, with Selective Recognition by Patients with Anergic Lepromatous Leprosy

2011 ◽  
Vol 80 (2) ◽  
pp. 742-752 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mehervani Chaduvula ◽  
A. Murtaza ◽  
Namita Misra ◽  
N. P. Shankar Narayan ◽  
V. Ramesh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
T Cell ◽  
T Cell Responses ◽  
Mycobacterium Leprae ◽  
Lepromatous Leprosy ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Tuberculosis Patients ◽  
Cell Responses ◽  
Leprosy Patients

ABSTRACTLsr2 protein ofMycobacterium lepraewas shown earlier to elicit B and T cell responses in leprosy patients (20, 28). Lymphoproliferation toM. lepraeand Lsr2 antigens was observed in >70% of tuberculoid (T) patients and in 16 and 34% of lepromatous (L) patients, respectively. We focused on theM. lepraenonresponders in the lepromatous group using 22 synthetic Lsr2 peptides (end-to-end peptides A to F and overlapping peptides p1 to p16) inin vitroT cell responses. A total of 125 leprosy and 13 tuberculosis patients and 19 healthy controls from the area of endemicity (here, healthy controls, or HC) were investigated. The highest responses were observed (67 to 100%) in HC for all peptides except p1 to p3, and the lowest was observed in tuberculosis patients. Significant differences in lymphoproliferation were observed in T, L, and HC groups (analysis of variance [ANOVA],P= 0.000 to 0.015) for all end-to-end peptides except B and for p5 and p7 to p10. Hierarchical recognition between lepromatous and tuberculoid leprosy was noted for p8 (P< 0.05) and between the HC and L groups for p7 to p10, p15, and p16 (P< 0.005 toP< 0.02). Significant lymphoproliferation was observed to peptides A to F and p1 to p9, p11, p12, p15, p16 (P= 0.000 to 0.001) with 40% responding to peptides C and p16 in L patients. Lepromatous patients also showed significantly higher levels of a gamma interferon (IFN-γ) response to peptide C than to other peptides (P< 0.05). Major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II bias for peptide recognition was not observed. These studies indicate that Lsr2 has multiple T cell epitopes that inducein vitroT cell responses in the highly infective lepromatous leprosy patients.

scholarly journals Lepromatous leprosy masquerading as rhinophyma

2015 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 34
Author(s):  
Sowmyashree Krishna ◽  
Malcolm Pinto ◽  
Manjunath Mala Shenoy ◽  
Mahesh SG
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Disease ◽  
Global Health ◽  
Health Problem ◽  
Mycobacterium Leprae ◽  
Lepromatous Leprosy ◽  
The Body ◽  
Multidrug Therapy ◽  
Diagnostic Challenge ◽  
Cervical Lymphadenitis ◽  
Global Health Problem

<p>Leprosy a major global health problem, especially in the developing world, is an infectious disease caused by <em>Mycobacterium leprae</em>. Leprosy has a predilection to with cooler areas of the body. Lepromatous leprosy presents with varied manifestations like nodules, cervical lymphadenitis, hyperpigmented patches and other presentations which can mimic various other diseases and pose a diagnostic challenge in endemic areas. We report a case presenting with nodular infiltration of the nose mimicking rhinophyma who presented with faint reddish swelling over the nose which progressed to nodular infiltration. There was bilateral symmetrical thickening of nerves following which diagnosis was confirmed by slit skin smear and the patient was started on multibacillary multidrug therapy. The importance of rightly diagnosing cases presenting as nodules that mimic rhinophyma is important because of the infectious nature of the disease which pose a threat to the community.</p>

scholarly journals Presence of soluble,Mycobacterium leprae-derived antigen in the inflammatory exudate of reactional lepromatous leprosy

1985 ◽  
Vol 56 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
O. ROJAS-ESPINOSA ◽  
A. GONZÁLEZ-MENDOZA ◽  
S. ESTRADA-PARRA ◽  
YOLANDA ORTIZ ◽  
O. GONZÁLEZ-CRUX ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mycobacterium Leprae ◽  
Lepromatous Leprosy ◽  
Inflammatory Exudate

scholarly journals Necrotizing erythema nodosumin lepromatous leprosy associated with mixed infection by Mycobacterium lepromatosis and Mycobacterium leprae. Case report

DEL NACIONAL ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 107-115
Author(s):  
Olga María Aldama Olmedo ◽  
Marcial Escobar ◽  
María Julia Martínez ◽  
Monserrat Aldama ◽  
Camila Montoya Bueno ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Mixed Infection ◽  
Mycobacterium Leprae ◽  
Lepromatous Leprosy ◽  
Mycobacterium Lepromatosis
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