scholarly journals Immune Responses to an Oral Typhoid Vaccine Strain That Is Modified to Constitutively Express Vi Capsular Polysaccharide

2004 ◽  
Vol 190 (3) ◽  
pp. 565-570 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carol O. Tacket ◽  
Marcela F. Pasetti ◽  
Marcelo B. Sztein ◽  
Sofie Livio ◽  
Myron M. Levine
Keyword(s):  
Immune Responses ◽  
Vaccine Strain ◽  
Capsular Polysaccharide ◽  
Typhoid Vaccine ◽  
Vi Capsular Polysaccharide

Effectiveness of Vi capsular polysaccharide typhoid vaccine among children: A cluster randomized trial in Karachi, Pakistan

Vaccine ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 30 (36) ◽  
pp. 5389-5395 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Imran Khan ◽  
Sajid Bashir Soofi ◽  
R. Leon Ochiai ◽  
Mohammad Atif Habib ◽  
Shah Muhammad Sahito ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Randomized Trial ◽  
Capsular Polysaccharide ◽  
Cluster Randomized Trial ◽  
Typhoid Vaccine ◽  
Vi Capsular Polysaccharide ◽  
Cluster Randomized

scholarly journals Immune Responses to Vi Capsular Polysaccharide Typhoid Vaccine in Children 2 to 16 Years Old in Karachi, Pakistan, and Kolkata, India

2014 ◽  
Vol 21 (5) ◽  
pp. 661-666 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Leon Ochiai ◽  
M. Imran Khan ◽  
Sajid B. Soofi ◽  
Dipika Sur ◽  
Suman Kanungo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis A ◽  
Capsular Polysaccharide ◽  
Geometric Mean ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Typhoid Vaccine ◽  
Igg Antibody ◽  
Vi Capsular Polysaccharide ◽  
Cluster Randomized ◽  
Antibody Levels

ABSTRACTThe geometric mean concentration (GMC) and the proportion maintaining a protective level (150 enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) units [ELU]/ml) 2 years following a single dose of 25 μg of injectable Vi capsular polysaccharide typhoid vaccine was measured against that of the control hepatitis A vaccine in children 2 to 16 years old in cluster randomized trials in Karachi and Kolkata. The GMC for the Vi group (1,428 ELU/ml) was statistically significantly different from the GMC of the control hepatitis A vaccine group (86 ELU/ml) after 6 weeks. A total of 117 children (95.1%) in the Vi group and 9 (7.5%) in the hepatitis A group showed a 4-fold rise in Vi IgG antibody concentrations at 6 weeks (P< 0.01). Protective antibody levels remained significantly different between the two groups at 2 years (38% in the Vi vaccine groups and 6% in the hepatitis A group [P< 0.01]). A very small proportion of younger children (2 to 5 years old) maintained protective Vi IgG antibody levels at 2 years, a result that was not statistically significantly different compared to that for the hepatitis A group (38.1% versus 10.5%). The GMCs of the Vi IgG antibody after 2 years were 133 ELU/ml for children 2 to <5 years old and 349 ELU/ml for children 5 to 16 years old. In conclusion, Vi capsular polysaccharide typhoid vaccine is immunogenic in children in settings of South Asia where typhoid is highly endemic. The antibody levels in children who received this vaccine remained higher than those in children who received the control vaccine but were significantly reduced at 2 years of follow-up.

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