Plants and Animals of the Pacific Northwest. An Illustrated Guide to the Natural History of Western Oregon, Washington, and British Columbia.Eugene N. Kozloff

1977 ◽  
Vol 52 (2) ◽  
pp. 183-184
Author(s):  
Joel W. Hedgpeth
Keyword(s):  
Natural History ◽  
Pacific Northwest ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
History Of

Canopy disturbances over the five-century lifetime of an old-growth Douglas-fir stand in the Pacific Northwest

2002 ◽  
Vol 32 (6) ◽  
pp. 1057-1070 ◽  
Author(s):  
Linda E Winter ◽  
Linda B Brubaker ◽  
Jerry F Franklin ◽  
Eric A Miller ◽  
Donald Q DeWitt
Keyword(s):  
Pacific Northwest ◽  
Variable Density ◽  
Tsuga Heterophylla ◽  
Douglas Fir ◽  
Western Hemlock ◽  
Old Growth ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
History Of ◽  
Horizontal Heterogeneity ◽  
Restoration Strategies

The history of canopy disturbances over the lifetime of an old-growth Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirb.) Franco) stand in the western Cascade Range of southern Washington was reconstructed using tree-ring records of cross-dated samples from a 3.3-ha mapped plot. The reconstruction detected pulses in which many western hemlock (Tsuga heterophylla (Raf.) Sarg.) synchronously experienced abrupt and sustained increases in ringwidth, i.e., "growth-increases", and focused on medium-sized or larger ([Formula: see text]0.8 ha) events. The results show that the stand experienced at least three canopy disturbances that each thinned, but did not clear, the canopy over areas [Formula: see text]0.8 ha, occurring approximately in the late 1500s, the 1760s, and the 1930s. None of these promoted regeneration of the shade-intolerant Douglas-fir, all of which established 1500–1521. The disturbances may have promoted regeneration of western hemlock, but their strongest effect on tree dynamics was to elicit western hemlock growth-increases. Canopy disturbances are known to create patchiness, or horizontal heterogeneity, an important characteristic of old-growth forests. This reconstructed history provides one model for restoration strategies to create horizontal heterogeneity in young Douglas-fir stands, for example, by suggesting sizes of areas to thin in variable-density thinnings.

Georg Marcgraf (1610 – c. 1644): A German Cartographer, Astronomer, and Naturalist-Illustrator in Colonial Dutch Brazil

Itinerario ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 85-122 ◽  
Author(s):  
R.P. Brienen
Keyword(s):  
Natural History ◽  
New World ◽  
Botanical Garden ◽  
Military Leaders ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Rich ◽  
West India Company ◽  
Visual Materials ◽  
Dutch Brazil

The German scholar Georg Marcgraf was the first trained astronomer in the New World and co-author of the earliest published natural history of Brazil, Historia naturalis Brasiliae (Leiden and Amsterdam 1648) (Fig. 1). Arriving in the Americas in 1638, Marcgraf took his place among a remarkable group of scholars and painters assembled at the Brazilian court of the German count Johan Maurits van Nassau-Siegen (1604–1679), the governor-general of Dutch Brazil from 1637–1644.1 Dutch Brazil was established by the Dutch West India Company (WIC), which was created in 1621 to engage in trade, conquest, and colonisation in the Americas and Africa. Except for Marcgraf, the most important members of the Count's entourage were Dutch and included the painters Albert Eckhout (c. 1610 - c. 1666) and Frans Post (1612–1680) and the physician Willem Piso (1611–1678). The rich group of scientific and visual materials they created are comparable in both scope and importance with the works created by Sydney Parkinson, William Hodges, and others during the Pacific voyages of Captain Cook in the eighteenth century.2 The Count's support of natural history, astronomy, and scientific and ethnographic illustration during his governorship was highly unusual, setting him apart from other colonial administrators and military leaders in the seventeenth century. Indeed, he is responsible for establishing both the first observatory and the first botanical garden in the New World, sparing no expense in creating a princely empire for himself in the Brazilian wilderness.

scholarly journals INVESTIGATING THE EVOLUTIONARY HISTORY OF THE PACIFIC NORTHWEST MESIC FOREST ECOSYSTEM: HYPOTHESIS TESTING WITHIN A COMPARATIVE PHYLOGEOGRAPHIC FRAMEWORK

Evolution ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 59 (8) ◽  
pp. 1639-1652 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brayan C. Cartens ◽  
Steven J. Brunsfeld ◽  
John R. Demboski ◽  
Jeffrey M. Good ◽  
Jack Sullivan
Keyword(s):  
Hypothesis Testing ◽  
Pacific Northwest ◽  
Forest Ecosystem ◽  
Evolutionary History ◽  
Mesic Forest ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
History Of

scholarly journals Survey of Corylus Resistance to Anisogramma anomala from Different Geographic Locations

HortScience ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 45 (5) ◽  
pp. 832-836 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas J. Molnar ◽  
Joseph C. Goffreda ◽  
C. Reed Funk
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Pacific Northwest ◽  
Host Resistance ◽  
Native Range ◽  
Geographic Locations ◽  
Pathogenic Variation ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
Complete Resistance ◽  
Anisogramma Anomala ◽  
History Of

Anisogramma anomala (Peck) E. Müller is the causal agent of the disease eastern filbert blight (EFB) of hazelnuts (Corylus spp.). Little is known of its genetic diversity and pathogenic variation. Most sources of host resistance have been identified in the Pacific Northwest, a region outside the native range of A. anomala believed to have limited diversity of the fungus due to a long history of quarantine and its relatively recent inadvertent introduction. In an attempt to investigate the pathogenic variation of A. anomala, 12 hazelnut genotypes that showed complete resistance in Oregon were inoculated with 12 isolates collected from across its native range. At the conclusion of the study, ‘Grand Traverse,’ ‘Ratoli’, OSU 541.147, OSU 495.072, and OSU 526.041 remained free of disease. ‘Closca Molla’, OSU 759.007, and OSU 587.044 were infected by most isolates. ‘Gasaway’ was infected by the Michigan isolate, which was also the only one to infect its offspring ‘Zimmerman’, although the lesion lacked sporulating stromata. Interestingly, ‘VR20–11’, another offspring of ‘Gasaway’, was infected by isolates from New Jersey, Minnesota, and Michigan. The Michigan isolate also caused the only signs of infection on OSU 408.040.

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