Kin Selection and Parasite Evolution: Higher and Lower Virulence with Hard and Soft Selection

2000 ◽  
Vol 75 (3) ◽  
pp. 261-275 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lin Chao ◽  
Kathryn A. Hanley ◽  
Christina L. Burch ◽  
Cecilia Dahlberg ◽  
Paul E. Turner
Keyword(s):  
Kin Selection ◽  
Soft Selection ◽  
Parasite Evolution

Hard and Soft Selection Revisited

Evolution ◽  
1975 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 465 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bruce Wallace
Keyword(s):  
Soft Selection

scholarly journals Family quarrels in seeds and rapid adaptive evolution in Arabidopsis

2019 ◽  
Vol 116 (19) ◽  
pp. 9463-9468 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katherine S. Geist ◽  
Joan E. Strassmann ◽  
David C. Queller
Keyword(s):  
Adaptive Evolution ◽  
Kin Selection ◽  
Conflicts Of Interest ◽  
A Priori ◽  
Flowering Plant ◽  
Rapid Adaptation ◽  
Arms Races ◽  
Evolutionary Conflict ◽  
Alternative Hypotheses

Evolutionary conflict can drive rapid adaptive evolution, sometimes called an arms race, because each party needs to respond continually to the adaptations of the other. Evidence for such arms races can sometimes be seen in morphology, in behavior, or in the genes underlying sexual interactions of host−pathogen interactions, but is rarely predicted a priori. Kin selection theory predicts that conflicts of interest should usually be reduced but not eliminated among genetic relatives, but there is little evidence as to whether conflict within families can drive rapid adaptation. Here we test multiple predictions about how conflict over the amount of resources an offspring receives from its parent would drive rapid molecular evolution in seed tissues of the flowering plant Arabidopsis. As predicted, there is more adaptive evolution in genes expressed in Arabidopsis seeds than in other specialized organs, more in endosperms and maternal tissues than in embryos, and more in the specific subtissues involved in nutrient transfer. In the absence of credible alternative hypotheses, these results suggest that kin selection and conflict are important in plants, that the conflict includes not just the mother and offspring but also the triploid endosperm, and that, despite the conflict-reducing role of kinship, family members can engage in slow but steady tortoise-like arms races.

Kin selection in density regulated populations

1992 ◽  
Vol 157 (4) ◽  
pp. 447-461 ◽  
Author(s):  
John K. Kelly
Keyword(s):  
Kin Selection

Kin selection in the Japanese monkey

1978 ◽  
Vol 26 ◽  
pp. 966
Author(s):  
Richard Wrangham
Keyword(s):  
Kin Selection ◽  
Japanese Monkey

scholarly journals Structural and Population Polymorphism of RT-Like Sequences in Avian SchistosomesTrichobilharzia szidati(Platyhelminthes: Digenea: Schistosomatidae)

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. K. Semyenova ◽  
G. G. Chrisanfova ◽  
A. S. Guliaev ◽  
A. P. Yesakova ◽  
A. P. Ryskov
Keyword(s):  
Host Specificity ◽  
Lymnaea Stagnalis ◽  
Strong Association ◽  
Snail Host ◽  
New Members ◽  
East Europe ◽  
Causative Agents ◽  
History Of ◽  
Avian Schistosomes ◽  
Parasite Evolution

Recently we developed the genus-specific markers of the avian schistosomes of the genusTrichobilharzia, the causative agents of human cercarial dermatitis. The 7 novel genome sequences ofT. franki, T. regenti, andT. szidatirevealed similarity with genome repeat region of African schistosomeSchistosoma mansoni. In the present work we analyzed the 37 newT. szidatisequences to study intragenome variability and host specificity for the parasite from three localities of East Europe. DNAs were isolated from cercariae or single sporocysts obtained from 6 lymnaeid snailsLymnaea stagnalisandL. palustrisfrom Belarus and Russia. All sequences formed three diverged groups, one of which consists of the sequences with multiple deletions; other groups involved two paralogous copies with stop codons and frameshift mutations. Strong association between geographical distribution and snail host specificity cannot be established. All studied sequences have homology with the reverse transcriptase domain (RT) of Penelope-like elements (PLE) ofS. mansoniandS. japonicumand new members of RT family were identified. We proposed that three diverged groups RT sequences ofT. szidatiare results of duplication or transposition of PLE during parasite evolution. Implications of the retroelement dynamics in the life history of avian schistosomes are discussed.

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