Insulin Resistance: The Metabolic Syndrome X. Gerald M. Reaven , Ami Laws

2000 ◽  
Vol 75 (1) ◽  
pp. 95-95
Author(s):  
Robert R. Henry ◽  
Sunder Mudaliar
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome X ◽  
Syndrome X ◽  
The Metabolic Syndrome

scholarly journals The metabolic syndrome X or insulin resistance syndrome

2007 ◽  
Vol 64 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-51 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aleksandra Nikolic ◽  
Dejan Nikolic ◽  
Violeta Stanimirovic
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Insulin Resistance Syndrome ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome X ◽  
Syndrome X ◽  
The Metabolic Syndrome

Plasma Glucagon and Free Fatty Acid Responses to a Glucose Load in the Obese Spontaneous Hypertensive Rat (SHROB) Model of Metabolic Syndrome X

2002 ◽  
Vol 227 (3) ◽  
pp. 164-170 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rodney A. Velliquette ◽  
Richard J. Koletsky ◽  
Paul Ernsberger
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome X ◽  
Molar Ratio ◽  
Syndrome X ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
Plasma Glucagon ◽  
Glucose Load ◽  
Spontaneous Hypertensive Rat ◽  
Hypertensive Rat

Metabolic Syndrome X is a cluster of abnormalities including insulin resistance, hyperlipidemia, hypertension, and obesity. We sought to determine if excess plasma glucagon and free fatty acids (FFA) might contribute to the insulin resistance in the obese spontaneous hypertensive rat (SHROB), a unique animal model of leptin resistance and metabolic Syndrome X. SHROB were extremely hyperinsulinemic and mildly glucose intolerant compared with lean SHR. SHROB had elevated fasting plasma glucagon and FFA, and showed paradoxical responses to an oral glucose challenge, with increased glucagon at 30 and 60 min postchallenge (200% ± 45% and 91% ± 13%, respectively; n = 9). In lean SHR, glucagon was nearly unchanged by glucose loading (<30% increase, P > 0.05; n = 5). Plasma FFA were not affected by a glucose load in SHROB, whereas SHR showed a decrease of 40% ± 6% (n = 5–9). The I/G molar ratio changed in opposite directions in the two genotypes, with a decrease in SHROB at 30 and 60 min, in contrast to the appropriate increase at 30 and 60 min postchallenge in the lean SHR (P < 0.01; n = 5–9). Administration of 500 ng/kg exogenous glucagon to SHR raised glucagon 56% ± 5% to a level that was similar to fasting SHROB. This level of circulating glucagon was sufficient to elevate glucose and insulin during the 7 hr of observation (n = 9). Based on these results, we suggest that fasting hyperglucagonemia and impaired suppression of glucagon secretion and FFA in response to an oral glucose load may contribute to insulin resistance and glucose intolerance in the SHROB model of metabolic Syndrome X.

scholarly journals Circulating adipokines and insulin resistance in subjects with combined cardiac and metabolic syndrome X

2015 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kae-Woei Liang ◽  
Wen-Jane Lee ◽  
Wen-Lieng Lee ◽  
Ying-Chieh Liao ◽  
Kuo-Yang Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome X ◽  
Syndrome X
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