A Possession of One's Own: Women and Consumer Behavior in England, 1660–1740

1986 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 131-156 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lorna Weatherill
Keyword(s):  
Consumer Behavior ◽  
Cultural Values ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Daily Routines ◽  
The Family ◽  
The World ◽  
Family And Household ◽  
Material Goods ◽  
Material Values

Hall Men are born free, how is it that all Women are born slaves? As they must be if the being subjected to the inconstant, uncertain, unknown, arbitrary Will of Men, be the Perfect Condition of Slavery? [Mary Astell, Reflections upon Marriage (London, 1700), p. 66]The wife ought to be subject to the husband in all things. [Hannah Woolley, The Gentlewoman's Companion or a GUIDE to the Female sex (London, 1675), p. 104]IDid men and women have different cultural and material values in the late seventeenth and early eighteenth centuries? We know very little in detail about the activities of people within their homes and especially about their attitudes to the material goods that they used and that surrounded them. Virginia Woolf's complaint that she had no model to “turn about this way and that” in exploring the role of women in fiction applies equally to women's behavior as consumers, for we still do not know, as she put it, “what, in short, they did from eight in the morning till eight at night.” Did their particular roles within the household result in different material values, just as their biological and economic roles were different? We do know that power was unequally distributed within the household, although we can also demonstrate cooperation and affection between family members. We take it that the household was, in some sense, the woman's domain, but very often we cannot explore what this meant in practice. In short, was being “subjected to the inconstant, uncertain, unknown, arbitrary Will of Men” reflected in women's cultural values and tastes?These are broad questions that are not easily answered, either in theory or by observation, especially as it is not easy to identify the behavior of women as distinct from that of the family and household, but they are questions worth asking to see if there are signs of behavior different enough to warrant the view that there was a subculture in which women had the chance to express themselves and their views of the world separately, especially as the daily routines of their lives were different.

The Right to Avoid Procreation and the Regulation of Pregnancy

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Janne Rothmar Herrmann
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
European Convention ◽  
European Perspective ◽  
Legal Basis ◽  
Moral Obligations ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
European Consensus ◽  
The Family ◽  
The Right

This chapter discusses the right to avoid procreation and the regulation of pregnancy from a European perspective. The legal basis for a right to avoid procreation can be said to fall within the scope of several provisions of the European Convention on Human Rights (ECHR), an instrument that is binding for all European countries. Here, Article 12 of the ECHR gives men and women of marriageable age the right to marry and found a family in accordance with the national laws governing this right. However, Article 12 protects some elements of the right not to procreate, but for couples only. The lack of common European consensus in this area highlights how matters relating to the right to decide on the number and spacing of children touch on aspects that differ from country to country even in what could appear to be a homogenous region. In fact, the cultural, moral, and historical milieus that surround these rights differ considerably with diverse national perceptions of the role of the family, gender equality, religious and moral obligations, and so on.

scholarly journals EMPAT SRIKANDI KULINER BALI: PERAN PEREMPUAN DALAM PEMBANGUNAN PARIWISATA BERKELANJUTAN1

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
I Nyoman Darma Putra
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Sustainable Tourism ◽  
Tourism Development ◽  
Tourism Industry ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
Sustainable Tourism Development ◽  
Job Opportunities ◽  
The World

This article discusses the role of women in supporting sustainable tourism development in Bali by promoting Balinese cuisine to the tourism world. To date, studies on the role of Balinese women in the tourism industry have looked mainly at women as ordinary workers or professionals. In fact, Balinese women operate as culinary entrepreneurs who have not only been successful in introducing Balinese cuisine to the world of tourism but have opened up job opportunities for men and women alike. The data presented in this article was collected through observation of four leading Balinese women who run successful local culinary outlets or restaurants offering local dishes, and is complemented by interviews and other published sources relating to their business activities. The four pioneering women surveyed are Men Tempeh of Gilimanuk (West Bali) serving chicken betutu, the suckling pig restaurant manager Ibu Oka in Ubud, the owner of Made’s Warung Ni Made Masih, and the catering company owner Ibu Warti Buleleng, based in Denpasar. This article concludes that these four Balinese culinary heroines or srikandi have successfully managed to preserve and promote Balinese dishes to the world of tourism while contributing to the sustainable development of Balinese tourism by providing opportunities for tourists to experience local cuisine.

scholarly journals THE CLASSIFICA ASSIFICATION OF PHRASEOL TION OF PHRASEOLOGICAL UNI OGICAL UNITS WITH ONOMASTIC COMPONENTS

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (6) ◽  
pp. 139-147
Author(s):  
Marjona Akhmadovna Radjabova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Values ◽  
Daily Life ◽  
National Character ◽  
Ancient History ◽  
The Past ◽  
The World

Abstract. The following article discusses the role of onomastic components in phraseological units and their meaning as well as giving a classification of onomastic components in phraseological units based on the materials of different structural languages. Through examples the author proves that the presence of names in the ancient rich phraseological layer of non-fraternal English, Russian and Uzbek languages is related to the national and cultural values, customs, ancient history, folklore and daily life of the peoples who speak this language. Besides, in the process of study of onomastic components it is also determined that names, along with forming their national character, are a factor giving information about the past of a particular nation. Background. In the world linguistics there have been carried out a series of researches in the field of the study of phraseological units with onomastic components in comparative-typological aspect revaling their national and cultural peculiarities, analyzing and classifying their content structurally and semantically

scholarly journals Urgensi Pendidikan Anak Usia Dini Dalam Perspektif Hadits di Masa Pandemi Coronavirus

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Afifah Fatihakun Ni'mah Wahidah ◽  
Muhammad Alfatih Suryadilaga
Keyword(s):  
Early Childhood ◽  
Early Childhood Education ◽  
Cultural Values ◽  
Moral Values ◽  
Childhood Education ◽  
Children's Education ◽  
The Family ◽  
Children’S Education ◽  
Role Of Parents

Urgency Parents have an important role for Early Childhood Education especially with the covid outbreak so that children have to learn from home. This article aims to examine the urgency of Early Childhood Education education in the perspective of hadith, especially the hadith on the obligations of parents in educating children, which is associated with conditions in the era of the Coronavirus pandemi. Family is the first and foremost education for a person. Education in the family plays a role in developing character, personality, cultural values, religious and moral values, and simple skills. There is a physical distancing policy so that learning is carried out online (in a network) so that the role of parents is very urgent in ensuring the continuity of their children's education. is the responsibility of the parents; Second, the best gift parents give their children is a good education; Third, parents as the first and foremost madrasa, especially for early childhood, are responsible for their children's education.

scholarly journals PERAN ORANGTUA TERHADAP PERKEMBANGAN MORAL ANAK DALAM KELUARGA MORAL DEVELOPMENT OF CHILDREN THROUGH THE ROLE OF PARENTS IN A FAMILY

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmad Yanizon
Keyword(s):  
Moral Development ◽  
Intellectual Development ◽  
Moral Vision ◽  
Moral Formation ◽  
Low Level ◽  
Parents And Children ◽  
The Family ◽  
The World ◽  
Role Of Parents

Perkembangan moral pada masa kanak-kanak masih dalam tingkat yang rendah. Hal ini disebabkan karena perkembangan intelektual anak-anak belum mencapai titik di mana ia dapat mempelajari atau menerapkan prinsip-prinsip abstrak tentang benar dan salah. Orang tua merupakan tempat pertama terbentuknya moral anak. Kasih sayang yang diberikan orang tua terhadap anak, membangun sistem interaksi yang bermoral antara anak dengan orang lain. Hubungan dengan orang tua yang hangat, ramah, gembira dan menunjukkan sikap kasih sayang merupakan pupuk bagi perkembangan moral anak. Dengan demikian, maka penting sekali peranan orang tua di keluarga dalam perkembangan moral anak, karena orang tua merupakan pendidik pertama yang diterima anak ketika mereka terlahir kedunia. Adapun peran orang tua dalam pembentukan moral anak dilihat dari pegembangan pandangan moral, perasaan moral dan tingkah laku moral. Ketiga unsur tersebut terbentuk dari interaksi orang tua anak dalam keluarga yang berlangsung dari anak-anak hingga dewasa. Oleh karena itu, sudah seharusnyalah orang tua berperan sebagai teladan yang baik di keluarga untuk menjadi contoh bagi anak-anaknya.Kata Kunci: Moral, Peran Orang Tua Moral development in childhood is still in a low level. It is because of the children’s intellectual development has not already reached the level where he is able to learn or apply the abstract principles about right and wrong things. Parental is the first point of children’s moral formation. Parents’ Affection toward children, build their moral interaction systems. A warm, friendly, happy relationship and affection between parents and children are children’s moral development fertilizer. Thus, parents’ roles toward children’s moral development are very essential, because parents are the first educators for children when they got born into the world. Parents’ roles toward children’s moral formation are viewed from children’s developing moral vision, a sense of morality and moral behavior. These three elements were formed from parents and children’s interaction in a family since childhood to adulthood. Therefore, it is a must for parents to figure well in the family to be as a good example for their children.Keywords: Moral, Parents’ Role  

scholarly journals Ezer Kenegdo: Eksistensi Perempuan dan Perannya dalam Keluarga

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 44-55
Author(s):  
Grecetinovitria Merliana Butar-butar
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Research ◽  
Research Methods ◽  
Research Method ◽  
Qualitative Research Methods ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Library Research ◽  
The Family ◽  
Role Of Women

AbstractPurpose of this study was to describe the meaning of ezer kenegdo and to know position and role of women in the family. The research method used is qualitative research methods (library research). The term of “ ezer kenegdo” refer to a helper but her position withoutsuperiority and inferiority. “The patner model” between men and women is uderstood in relation to one another as the same function, where differences are complementary and mutually beneficial in all walks of life and human endeavors.Keywords: Ezer Kenegdo; Women; Family.AbstrakTujuan penulisan artikel ini adalah untuk mendeskripsikan pengertian ezer kenegdo dan mengetahui kedudukan dan peran perempuan dalam keluarga. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode kualitatif library research. Ungkapan “ezer kenegdo” menunjuk pada seorang penolong namun kedudukannya adalah setara tanpa ada superioritas dan inferioritas. “Model kepatneran” antara laki-laki dan perempuan dipahami dengan hubungan satu dengan yang lain sebagai fungsi yang sama, yang mana perbedaan adalah saling melengkapi dan saling menguntungkan dalam semua lapisan kehidupan dan usaha manusia.Kata Kunci: Ezer Kenegdo, Prerempuan, Keluarga.

scholarly journals PERAN ORANG TUA SEBAGAI SUMBER PENDIDIKAN KARAKTER BAGI ANAK USIA DINI

2021 ◽  
pp. 73
Author(s):  
Muhammad Rezki Andhika
Keyword(s):  
Character Education ◽  
Cultural Values ◽  
Parenting Styles ◽  
Research Method ◽  
Moral Values ◽  
Library Research ◽  
The Family ◽  
Role Of Parents ◽  
Determining Factor

This paper examines the role of parents as a source of character education for early childhood. This study was conducted using the library research method. The results of this study indicate that the role of parents is a determining factor for children's development, both physically and mentally, is the role of both parents as the first and main educators for children who are born until they are adults. In the process of forming knowledge, various parenting styles conveyed by parents are very important. Education in the family plays a very important role in developing the character, personality, cultural values, religious and moral values ​​, and simple skills of children. The role of parents in influencing the character of children is no longer borne by the mother only. The role of the father in shaping the character of the child is very large. Fathers are still obliged to participate in maintaining interactions with their children, such as inviting them to talk, joke, and play.

Geographers and sexual difference: feminist contributions

2003 ◽  
Author(s):  
Linda McDowell
Keyword(s):  
Social Life ◽  
Power Relations ◽  
Sexual Difference ◽  
Daily Lives ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Geographical Knowledge ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Family ◽  
Definition Of

Divisions based on the assumption that men and women are different from one another permeate all areas of social life as well as varying across space and between places. In the home and in the family, in the classroom or in the labour market, in politics, and in power relations, men and women are assumed to be different, to have distinct rights and obligations that affect their daily lives and their standard of living. Thirty years ago, there were no courses about gender in British geography departments. This chapter discusses the challenges to geographical knowledge, and to the definition of knowledge more generally, that have arisen from critical debates about the meaning of difference and diversity in feminist scholarship. It examines a number of significant conceptual ideas, namely: the public and the private; sex, gender and body; difference, identity and intersectionality; knowledge; and justice. Finally, it comments on the role of feminism in the academy as a set of political practices as well as epistemological claims.

The Materials of Home: Studying Domesticity in Late Colonial India

2019 ◽  
Vol 124 (4) ◽  
pp. 1302-1315 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abigail McGowan
Keyword(s):  
Middle Class ◽  
South Asian ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Colonial India ◽  
Home Life ◽  
Material Goods ◽  
Opening Up ◽  
Role Of Men

Abstract In this essay I argue for opening up South Asian historiography on the home to explore not just ideals of middle-class domesticity, but also the material goods and spaces of home lives. This helps to rethink class, as ideals of middle-class respectability were often worked out in buildings and through goods shared with lower classes, deploying caste hierarchies to articulate definitions of proper home life. At the same time, taking materials and spaces seriously allows attention to the role of men in shaping and experiencing homes, whether as designers, retailers, planners, or residents themselves. Drawing on the specific example of the iconic firm Kamdar Ltd., which created modern home interiors in mid-century Bombay, I argue that thinking through the materials of home allows attention to the global engagements of home life defined in class and caste terms, by men and women alike.

God, Woman, and Morality: The Democratic Family in the New Political Science of Alexis de Tocqueville

1995 ◽  
Vol 57 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-30
Author(s):  
William Mathie
Keyword(s):  
Political Science ◽  
Present Article ◽  
Alexis De Tocqueville ◽  
American Democracy ◽  
American Women ◽  
The Family ◽  
The World ◽  
Role Of Women ◽  
New Political Science

Tocqueville says that the superiority of American women is the chief cause of the power and prosperity of American democracy. That superiority is the result of an education that treats women as capable of freedom, but the use of that freedom is to maintain the bonds that restrict women to the household. The present article examines the role of the family and women in the new political science Tocqueville thought necessary for the defence of democratic liberty. It is argued that as the primary influence of democracy upon the family for Tocqueville has been to eliminate the authority of fathers who were the “arbiters of mores” and thereby the defenders of liberty in aristocracy, so democratic liberty depends for him above all upon the new role of women as the makers of mores. Through the agency of women, otherwise fragile religion constitutes an effective limit to the authority of the majority, but what makes it possible for religion to operate through women is their exclusion from the world of commerce, and what maintains this exclusion is the strict conjugal morality that women themselves defend in America. How far the role of women as guardians of democratic liberty might be justified is shown to depend for Tocqueville upon arguments for it that are other than those commonly accepted by American men.

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