scholarly journals Persistence of a Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Clone in a Drug-Use Network

2003 ◽  
Vol 37 (7) ◽  
pp. 990-991 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Colombo ◽  
R. Zink ◽  
C. Ruef
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Drug Use ◽  
Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Methicillin Resistant

scholarly journals Frequent Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Introductions Into an Inner-city Jail: Indications of Community Transmission Networks

2019 ◽  
Vol 71 (2) ◽  
pp. 323-331 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kyle J Popovich ◽  
Evan S Snitkin ◽  
Chad Zawitz ◽  
Alla Aroutcheva ◽  
Darjai Payne ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Drug Use ◽  
Molecular Epidemiology ◽  
Skin Infection ◽  
Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Transmission Networks ◽  
Methicillin Resistant ◽  
Community Transmission ◽  
Mrsa Colonization

Abstract Background Jails may facilitate spread of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) in urban areas. We examined MRSA colonization upon entrance to a large urban jail to determine if there are MRSA transmission networks preceding incarceration. Methods Males incarcerated in Cook County Jail (Chicago) were enrolled, with enrichment for people living with human immunodeficiency virus (PLHIV), within 72 hours of intake. Surveillance cultures assessed prevalence of MRSA colonization. Whole-genome sequencing (WGS) identified preincarceration transmission networks. We examined methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) isolates to determine if there are transmission networks that precede incarceration. A large proportion of individuals enter jail colonized with MRSA. Molecular epidemiology and colonization risk factors provide clues to community reservoirs for MRSA. Results There were 718 individuals (800 incarcerations) enrolled; 58% were PLHIV. The prevalence of MRSA colonization at intake was 19%. In multivariate analysis, methamphetamine use, unstable housing, current/recent skin infection, and recent injection drug use were predictors of MRSA. Among PLHIV, recent injection drug use, current skin infection, and HIV care at outpatient clinic A that emphasizes comprehensive care to the lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender community were predictors of MRSA. Fourteen (45%) of 31 detainees with care at clinic A had colonization. WGS revealed that this prevalence was not due to clonal spread in clinic but rather to an intermingling of distinct community transmission networks. In contrast, genomic analysis supported spread of USA500 strains within a network. Members of this USA500 network were more likely to be PLHIV (P < .01), men who have sex with men (P < .001), and methamphetamine users (P < .001). Conclusions A large proportion of individuals enter jail colonized with MRSA. Molecular epidemiology and colonization risk factors provide clues to identify colonized detainees entering jail and potential community reservoirs of MRSA.

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