The Role of Extrinsic and Intrinsic Factors in the Evolution of the Control of Pulmonary Surfactant Maturation during Development in the Amniotes

2003 ◽  
Vol 76 (3) ◽  
pp. 281-295 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucy C. Sullivan ◽  
Sandra Orgeig ◽  
Christopher B. Daniels
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Surfactant ◽  
Intrinsic Factors ◽  
Extrinsic And Intrinsic Factors

The Role of Extrinsic and Intrinsic Factors on the Departure Decisions of a Long-Distance Migratory Passerine

Ardeola ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 60 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-72 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miren Andueza ◽  
Juan Arizaga ◽  
Eduardo Jorge Belda ◽  
Emilio Barba
Keyword(s):  
Long Distance ◽  
Intrinsic Factors ◽  
Departure Decisions ◽  
Extrinsic And Intrinsic Factors

Workplace Arrogance and Job Satisfaction

2018 ◽  
pp. 54-82
Keyword(s):  
Job Satisfaction ◽  
Theoretical Study ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Two Dimensions ◽  
Theoretical Contribution ◽  
Intrinsic Factors ◽  
Specific Relationship ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Extrinsic And Intrinsic Factors

This chapter could be considered as an attempt to clarify the relationship between workplace arrogance and job satisfaction. Thus, the authors examine and study this relationship by focusing on the role of self-esteem between these two concepts. Hence, the main result of this theoretical study is that workplace arrogance is negatively related to job satisfaction. Although this finding could be considered as a theoretical contribution, more studies are requested to investigate the specific relationship between workplace arrogance, self-esteem, and job satisfaction with its two dimensions: extrinsic and intrinsic factors. Does self-esteem play a mediated or moderated role in this relationship?

Falls and working individuals: role of extrinsic and intrinsic factors

Ergonomics ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 44 (14) ◽  
pp. 1330-1339 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Gauchard ◽  
N. Chau ◽  
J. M. Mur ◽  
P. Perrin
Keyword(s):  
Intrinsic Factors ◽  
Extrinsic And Intrinsic Factors

The role of extrinsic variation—cohabiting juvenile fish species exhibit similar otolith elemental signatures

2020 ◽  
Vol 646 ◽  
pp. 109-125
Author(s):  
LM Cavole ◽  
JA Miller ◽  
P Salinas-de-León ◽  
O Aburto-Oropeza ◽  
JR Marin Jarrin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gulf Of California ◽  
Juvenile Fish ◽  
Relative Importance ◽  
Extrinsic Factors ◽  
Intrinsic Factors ◽  
Galapagos Archipelago ◽  
Elemental Uptake ◽  
Yellow Snapper ◽  
Extrinsic And Intrinsic Factors

The effect of extrinsic (environmentally based) and intrinsic (physiologically based) controls on otolith elemental signatures remains poorly understood. We evaluated the relative importance of both extrinsic and intrinsic factors using juvenile fish in Eastern Tropical Pacific (ETP) mangroves. To assess extrinsic influences, we compared the cohabiting yellow snapper Lutjanus argentiventris and sailfin grouper Mycteroperca olfax from the Galápagos Archipelago. To evaluate intrinsic influences, we compared yellow snapper from the Gulf of California (Mexico) and the Galápagos Archipelago (Ecuador). The 2 cohabiting species in the Galápagos exhibited very similar otolith elemental signatures, with no significant differences observed for Li, Cu, Mg, Mn, Rb, and Sr (univariate ANOVAs, p > 0.05), and a small separation achieved between these species (ANOSIM test, R = 0.01, p = 0.038). The yellow snappers from Galápagos and the Gulf of California exhibited distinct elemental signatures increasing from Rb, Cu, Mn, Sr, Li to Ba (univariate ANOVAs, p < 0.05), with a large separation between them (ANOSIM test, R = 0.55, p = 0.001). The present study suggests that extrinsic factors (e.g. water chemistry, temperature, salinity) can be more important than intrinsic factors (e.g. physiology, growth rates, genetics) for influencing elemental uptake in the otoliths of juveniles from mangrove waters. However, improved understanding of factors influencing elemental incorporation is still needed to ensure accurate interpretation of field data, especially in dynamic oceanographic systems, which is the case for both the Gulf of California and the Galápagos Archipelago.

scholarly journals Maternal aggression in rodents: brain oxytocin and vasopressin mediate pup defence

2013 ◽  
Vol 368 (1631) ◽  
pp. 20130085 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oliver J. Bosch
Keyword(s):  
Brain Regions ◽  
Maternal Behaviour ◽  
Maternal Aggression ◽  
Extrinsic Factors ◽  
Intrinsic Factors ◽  
Protective Behaviour ◽  
Laboratory Rodents ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Extrinsic And Intrinsic Factors

The most significant social behaviour of the lactating mother is maternal behaviour, which comprises maternal care and maternal aggression (MA). The latter is a protective behaviour of the mother serving to defend the offspring against a potentially dangerous intruder. The extent to which the mother shows aggressive behaviour depends on extrinsic and intrinsic factors, as we have learned from studies in laboratory rodents. Among the extrinsic factors are the pups’ presence and age, as well as the intruders’ sex and age. With respect to intrinsic factors, the mothers’ innate anxiety and the prosocial brain neuropeptides oxytocin (OXT) and arginine vasopressin (AVP) play important roles. While OXT is well known as a maternal neuropeptide, AVP has only recently been described in this context. The increased activities of these neuropeptides in lactation are the result of remarkable brain adaptations peripartum and are a prerequisite for the mother to become maternal. Consequently, OXT and AVP are significantly involved in mediating the fine-tuned regulation of MA depending on the brain regions. Importantly, both neuropeptides are also modulators of anxiety, which determines the extent of MA. This review provides a detailed overview of the role of OXT and AVP in MA and the link to anxiety.

scholarly journals Phenotypic Covariation And Morphological Diversification In The Ruminant Skull

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Annat Haber
Keyword(s):  
Covariance Structure ◽  
Covariance Matrices ◽  
Phylogenetic Comparative Methods ◽  
Species Divergence ◽  
Skull Morphology ◽  
Morphological Diversification ◽  
Intrinsic Factors ◽  
Ruminant Species ◽  
Extrinsic And Intrinsic Factors

Differences among clades in their diversification patterns result from a combination of extrinsic and intrinsic factors. In this study I examined the role of intrinsic factors in the morphological diversification of ruminants in general, and in the differences between bovids and cervids in particular. Using skull morphology, which embodies many of the adaptations that distinguish bovids and cervids, I examined 132 of the 200 extant ruminant species. As a proxy for intrinsic constraints I quantified different aspects of the phenotypic covariation structure within species, and compared them with the among-species divergence patterns, using phylogenetic comparative methods. My results show that for most species, divergence is well aligned with their phenotypic covariance matrix, and those that are better aligned have diverged further away from their ancestor. Bovids have dispersed into a wider range of directions in morphospace than cervids, and their overall disparity is higher. This difference is best explained by the lower eccentricity of bovids within-species covariance matrices. These results are consistent with the role of intrinsic constraints in determining amount, range, and direction of dispersion, and demonstrate that intrinsic constraints can influence macroevolutionary patterns even as the covariance structure evolves.

scholarly journals From individuals to population cycles: the role of extrinsic and intrinsic factors in rodent populations

Ecology ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 97 (3) ◽  
pp. 720-732 ◽  
Author(s):  
Viktoriia Radchuk ◽  
Rolf A. Ims ◽  
Harry P. Andreassen
Keyword(s):  
Population Cycles ◽  
Intrinsic Factors ◽  
Rodent Populations ◽  
Extrinsic And Intrinsic Factors

scholarly journals The role of extrinsic and intrinsic factors in Neotropical fruit bat–plant interactions

2013 ◽  
Vol 94 (3) ◽  
pp. 632-639 ◽  
Author(s):  
Romeo A. Saldaña-Vázquez ◽  
Vinicio J. Sosa ◽  
Luis I. Iñiguez-Dávalos ◽  
Jorge E. Schondube
Keyword(s):  
Plant Interactions ◽  
Intrinsic Factors ◽  
Fruit Bat ◽  
Extrinsic And Intrinsic Factors

scholarly journals The Anti-Ageing and Whitening Potential of a Cosmetic Serum Containing 3-O-ethyl-l-ascorbic Acid

Life ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 406
Author(s):  
Nicola Zerbinati ◽  
Sabrina Sommatis ◽  
Cristina Maccario ◽  
Serena Di Francesco ◽  
Maria Chiara Capillo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Dermal Fibroblasts ◽  
Melanin Content ◽  
Dna Protection ◽  
Melanin Pigmentation ◽  
Intrinsic Factors ◽  
Reconstructed Human Epidermis ◽  
Solar Ultraviolet ◽  
Damage Marker ◽  
Extrinsic And Intrinsic Factors

Skin ageing has many manifestations such as wrinkles, dryness, hyperpigmentation, and uneven skin tone. Extrinsic and intrinsic factors, especially solar ultraviolet light (UVB), contribute to skin ageing; its main features are brown spots, alterations in melanin pigmentation, and a decrease in collagen and hyaluronic acid linked to oxidative stress. Several studies showed that topical products containing ingredients with antioxidant activity can reduce oxidative damage; to provide a maximum anti-ageing effect to the skin, topical products can combine various ingredients. C-SHOT SERUM contains a combination of two molecules with a proven anti-ageing activity: a high percentage (30%) of a more stable vitamin C derivative, 3-O-ethyl-l-ascorbic acid, and lactic acid (1%). The product showed a high biocompatibility, assessed through an MTT assay on keratinocytes and on Reconstructed Human Epidermis (RHE, SkinEthic); the anti-ageing activity was demonstrated on human dermal fibroblasts and keratinocytes by a statistically significant increase in collagen production and a reduction of a UVB-induced DNA damage marker (γ-H2AX histone), indicating DNA protection. Moreover, a depigmenting activity, shown by a highly significant decrease in melanin content on treated Reconstructed Human Pigmented Epidermis (RHPE), was assessed. According to the data of our study, the tested product contrasts the effect of skin ageing and irregular pigmentation due to the physiological decline of the skin.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document