scholarly journals Helicobacter pyloriPrevalence among Indigenous Peoples of South America

2002 ◽  
Vol 186 (8) ◽  
pp. 1131-1137 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lisa‐Gaye E. Robinson ◽  
Francis L. Black ◽  
Francis K. Lee ◽  
Alexandra O. Sousa ◽  
Marilyn Owens ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
South America ◽  
Indigenous Peoples

scholarly journals Ecological research should consider Indigenous peoples and stewardship

FACETS ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 534-537
Author(s):  
Kyle A. Schang ◽  
Andrew J. Trant ◽  
Sara A. Bohnert ◽  
Alana M. Closs ◽  
Megan Humchitt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
South America ◽  
Indigenous Peoples ◽  
Terrestrial Ecosystems ◽  
Ecological Research ◽  
Indigenous Groups ◽  
Indigenous Group ◽  
Indigenous Territories ◽  
America South ◽  
The Relationship

The relationship between Indigenous peoples and the functioning of terrestrial ecosystems has received increased attention in recent years. As a result, it is becoming more critical for researchers focusing on terrestrial ecosystems to work with Indigenous groups to gain a better understanding of how past and current stewardship of these lands may influence results. As a case study to explore these ideas, we systematically reviewed articles from 2008 to 2018 where research was conducted in North America, South America, and Oceania. Of the 159 articles included, 11 included acknowledgement of Indigenous stewardship, acknowledged the Indigenous Territories or lands, or named the Indigenous group on whose Territory the research was conducted. Within the scope of this case study, our results demonstrate an overall lack of Indigenous acknowledgement or consideration within the scope of our review. Given the recent advancements in our understanding of how Indigenous groups have shaped their lands, we implore researchers to consider collaboration among local Indigenous groups as to better cultivate relationships and foster a greater understanding of their ecosystems.

Conclusion

2020 ◽  
pp. 163-174
Author(s):  
Jeffrey Alan Erbig
Keyword(s):  
South America ◽  
Identity Formation ◽  
Indigenous Peoples ◽  
Southern Brazil ◽  
Native Peoples ◽  
Northeastern Argentina

Following the formation of independent republics in southeastern South America, travellers, politicians and academics alike used the territorial imaginaries of the Madrid and San Ildefonso boundary commissions to envision national communities devoid of Native peoples. Whether narrating patriotic histories of territorial conquest or using colonial borders to catalogue Indigenous peoples who had routinely traversed them, postcolonial authors simultaneously appropriated Native pasts while denying the existence of their Indigenous contemporaries. Contradictory claims of Indigenous emigration emerged in Uruguay, northeastern Argentina, and southern Brazil, and Charrúas and Minuanes were reduced to bit players in or antecedents to the formation of national or subnational communities. By considering the interplay between territorial imaginaries and identity formation, the conclusion demonstrates how the re-emergence of Charrúas on a regional political scale since the late 1980s not only disrupts national mythmaking but fits within deeper historical patterns.

Inka Militarism at the Pambamarca Complex in Northern Ecuador

2019 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 177-197
Author(s):  
Samuel V. Connell ◽  
Amber Anderson ◽  
Chad Gifford ◽  
Ana Lucía González
Keyword(s):  
South America ◽  
Indigenous Peoples ◽  
Detailed Data ◽  
Military Installations ◽  
Show Evidence ◽  
The Face ◽  
Architectural Planning ◽  
Site Types ◽  
Northern Frontier

In this article, we present research on Inka actions in the face of resistance by indigenous peoples on the northern frontier. We link fieldwork at the Pambamarca complex in northern Ecuador with historic documents to provide important context for further examining imperial processes. With its three site types, Pambamarca offers an opportunity to examine the range of tendencies that groups undergo during imperial moments. Its sites show evidence of both direct displays and the materialization of forceful control or takeover, as well as the more passive, nonsettler, decentralized hegemonic narratives also commonly associated with empire. Here we present detailed data for Inka military installations used to confront a prolonged resistance by the País Caranqui, a decentralized confederation of Caranqui-Cayambe peoples. Evidence from surveys and excavations— including architectural planning, distribution of artifacts, and military encounters—at two large sites in the complex, Quitoloma and Campana Pucara, helps expand our current understandings of the Inka invasion in northern Ecuador while broadening our perspective on the imperial narrative in South America.

The Anthropology of Marriage in Lowland South America

2017 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
South America ◽  
Indigenous People ◽  
Indigenous Peoples ◽  
Social Institutions ◽  
Main Body ◽  
Individual Choice ◽  
The Third ◽  
Norms And Values ◽  
Cultural Rules ◽  
The Way

Traditional treatments of marriage among indigenous people focus on what people say about whom one should marry and on rules that anthropologists induce from those statements. This volume is a cultural and social anthropological examination of the ways the indigenous peoples of lowland South America/Amazonia actually choose whom they marry. Detailed ethnography shows that they select spouses to meet their economic and political goals, their emotional desires, and their social aspirations, as well as to honor their commitments to exogamic prescriptions and the exchange of women. These decisions often require playing fast and loose with what the anthropologist and the peoples themselves declare to be the regulations they obey. Inevitably then, this volume is about agency and individual choice in the context of social institutions and cultural rules. There is another theme running through this book—the way in which globalization is subverting traditional hierarchies, altering identities, and eroding ancestral marital norms and values—how the forces of modernization alter both structure and practice. The main body of the book is given over to eleven chapters based on previously unpublished ethnographic material collected by the contributors. It is divided into three sections. The first collects essays that describe the motives behind breaking the marriage rules, the second describes how the marriage rules are bent or broken, and the third gathers chapters on the effects of globalization and recent changes on the marriage rules.

Frontier Missions in South America

2019 ◽  
pp. 543-567
Author(s):  
Guillermo Wilde
Keyword(s):  
South America ◽  
Indigenous Peoples ◽  
Space And Time ◽  
Jesuit Missionaries

This article examines the establishment of frontier missions in South America, with emphasis on the strategies used in the interactions between Jesuit missionaries and indigenous peoples. It explores three foundational aspects of the organization of the missions: impositions, adaptations, and appropriations. Imposition refers to actions undertaken by missionaries within the framework of colonial regulations, in collaboration with members of the indigenous elite. Adaptation refers to adjustments made to the models that were imposed on local settings, through the incorporation of native elements that did not threaten the imposed structure of the reductions. Appropriation refers to indigenous responses to colonial impositions and the development of autonomous native practices. These three factors contributed to the development of new perceptions of space and time, as well as subjectivities that were specific to the frontier missions of South America in the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries.

scholarly journals Antonio Ruiz de Montoya, Apostle of the Guaraní

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 197-210 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barbara Ganson
Keyword(s):  
Seventeenth Century ◽  
South America ◽  
Indigenous Peoples ◽  
Speaking Out ◽  
Jesuit Missionaries ◽  
Indian Slavery ◽  
Indian Rights

This essay highlights the accomplishments of one of the foremost Jesuit missionaries in seventeenth-century Paraguay, Antonio Ruiz de Montoya. Born in Lima, Montoya distinguished himself as a chronicler of the first encounters between the Jesuits and the Guaraní Indians of South America. He defended Indian rights by speaking out against Indian slavery. Montoya spent approximately twenty-five years among the Guaraní indigenous peoples who influenced his worldview and sense of spirituality, which are reflected in his 1636 first account of the Jesuit reducciones in Paraguay, Conquista espiritual hecha por los religiosos de la Compañía de Jesús en las provincias del Paraguay, Paraná, Uruguay, y Tapé.

Where Caciques and Mapmakers Met

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeffrey Alan Jr. Erbig
Keyword(s):  
Eighteenth Century ◽  
South America ◽  
Indigenous Peoples ◽  
Spatial History ◽  
Late Eighteenth Century ◽  
Native Sovereignty ◽  
History Of ◽  
Joint Mapping ◽  
Territorial Claims ◽  
Imperial Reforms

During the late eighteenth century, Portugal and Spain sent joint mapping expeditions to draw a nearly 10,000-mile border between Brazil and Spanish South America. These boundary commissions were the largest ever sent to the Americas and coincided with broader imperial reforms enacted throughout the hemisphere. Where Caciques and Mapmakers Met considers what these efforts meant to Indigenous peoples whose lands the border crossed. Moving beyond common frameworks that assess mapped borders strictly via colonial law or Native sovereignty, it examines the interplay between imperial and Indigenous spatial imaginaries. What results is an intricate spatial history of border making in southeastern South America (present-day Argentina, Brazil, and Uruguay) with global implications. Drawing upon manuscripts from over two dozen archives in seven countries, Jeffrey Erbig traces on-the-ground interactions between Ibero-American colonists, Jesuit and Guaraní mission-dwellers, and autonomous Indigenous peoples as they responded to ever-changing notions of territorial possession. It reveals that Native agents shaped when and where the border was drawn, and fused it to their own territorial claims. While mapmakers' assertions of Indigenous disappearance or subjugation shaped historiographical imaginaries thereafter, Erbig reveals that the formation of a border was contingent upon Native engagement and authority.

scholarly journals Molinos hidráulicos harineros en Coquimbo (Chile, 1544-1750)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pablo Lacoste ◽  
Alejandro Salas
Keyword(s):  
South America ◽  
Indigenous Peoples ◽  
18Th Century ◽  
National Archive ◽  
Irrigation Canal ◽  
Regional Trade ◽  
Trade Routes ◽  
Canal Networks

This paper examines the process by which the Corregimiento de Coquimbo become the main mill pole of Chile, when this kingdom was the largest wheat producer in South America. The evolution of hydraulic mills in this township from the foundation of La Serena (1544) to the middle of the 18th century is studied from original documents of the National Archive, especially Royal Audience and Notaries of La Serena. The importance of the legacy of indigenous peoples in the construction of irrigation canal networks for agriculture is detected. On this basis, the Spanish colonizers had advantages to install the European hydraulic mill culture. The role of specialized artisans, both indigenous and Afro-descendant and Spanish-Creole, is identified. It is detected that the mills operated as poles of consolidation of markets and benchmarks for the configuration of regional trade routes.

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