scholarly journals Population‐Based Surveillance for Postpartum Invasive Group A Streptococcus Infections, 1995–2000

2002 ◽  
Vol 35 (6) ◽  
pp. 665-670 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ilin Chuang ◽  
Chris Van Beneden ◽  
Bernard Beall ◽  
Anne Schuchat ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Group A Streptococcus ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Invasive Group ◽  
Group A

scholarly journals Evaluating Household Transmission of Invasive Group A Streptococcus Disease in the United States Using Population-based Surveillance Data, 2013–2016

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tolulope Adebanjo ◽  
Mirasol Apostol ◽  
Nisha Alden ◽  
Susan Petit ◽  
Amy Tunali ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Index Case ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Group A Streptococcus ◽  
The United States ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Surveillance Data ◽  
Case Patient ◽  
Invasive Group ◽  
Household Transmission ◽  
Group A

Abstract Using population-based surveillance data, we quantified the secondary invasive group A Streptococcus disease risk among household contacts. The disease risk in the 30 days postexposure to an index-case patient was highest among individuals aged ≥65 years, versus the annual background incidence of all ages.

scholarly journals Rapid Emergence of a New Clone Impacts the Population at Risk and Increases the Incidence of Type emm89 Group A Streptococcus Invasive Disease

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah Teatero ◽  
Brenda L. Coleman ◽  
Stephen B. Beres ◽  
Randall J. Olsen ◽  
Christopher Kandel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Group A Streptococcus ◽  
Invasive Disease ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Invasive Group ◽  
Clonal Variant ◽  
Clinical Presentations ◽  
Group A ◽  
Tract Infections ◽  
Rapid Shift ◽  
Rapid Emergence

Abstract Background Invasive group A Streptococcus (iGAS) disease caused by type emm89 strains has been increasing worldwide, driven by the emergence of an epidemic clonal variant (clade 3 emm89). The clinical characteristics of patients with emm89 iGAS disease, and in particular with clade 3 emm89 iGAS disease, are poorly described. Methods We used population-based iGAS surveillance data collected in metropolitan Toronto, Ontario, Canada during the period 2000–2014. We sequenced the genomes of 105 emm89 isolates representing all emm89 iGAS disease cases in the area during the period and 138 temporally matched emm89 iGAS isolates collected elsewhere in Ontario. Results Clades 1 and 2 and clade O, a newly discovered emm89 genetic variant, caused most cases of emm89 iGAS disease in metropolitan Toronto before 2008. After rapid emergence of new clade 3, previously circulating clades were purged from the population and the incidence of emm89 iGAS disease significantly increased from 0.14 per 100000 in 2000–2007 to 0.22 per 100000 in 2008–2014. Overall, emm89 organisms caused significantly more arthritis but less necrotizing fasciitis than strains of the more common type emm1. Other clinical presentations were soft tissue and severe respiratory tract infections. Clinical outcomes did not differ significantly between emm89 clades overall. However, clade 3 emm89 iGAS disease was more common in youth and middle-aged individuals. Conclusions The rapid shift in emm89 iGAS strain genetics in metropolitan Toronto has resulted in a significant increase in the incidence of emm89 iGAS disease, with noticeably higher rates of clade 3 disease in younger patients.

Increasing incidence of invasive group A streptococcus disease in New Zealand, 2002–2012: A national population-based study

2015 ◽  
Vol 70 (2) ◽  
pp. 127-134 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deborah A. Williamson ◽  
Julie Morgan ◽  
Virginia Hope ◽  
John D. Fraser ◽  
Nicole J. Moreland ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Group A Streptococcus ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Population Based Study ◽  
Invasive Group ◽  
National Population ◽  
Group A

Bilateral periorbital necrotising fasciitis associated with invasive group: a Streptococcus infection

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (12) ◽  
pp. e236800
Author(s):  
Grace Anne McCabe ◽  
Thomas Hardy ◽  
Thomas Gordon Campbell
Keyword(s):  
Group A Streptococcus ◽  
Early Recognition ◽  
Skin Grafting ◽  
Final Diagnosis ◽  
Necrotising Fasciitis ◽  
Invasive Group ◽  
Group A ◽  
Tissue Microscopy ◽  
Periorbital Swelling ◽  
Multidisciplinary Teamwork

A previously independent 56-year-old immunocompetent woman presented with septic shock in the setting of periorbital swelling and diffuse infiltrates on chest imaging. Blood cultures were positive for growth of group A Streptococcus (GAS). Broad spectrum antimicrobials were initiated with the inclusion of the antitoxin agent clindamycin. Necrosis of periorbital tissue was noted and surgical consultation was obtained. Débridement of both eyelids with skin grafting was performed. GAS was isolated from wound cultures and also observed on periorbital tissue microscopy. The final diagnosis was bilateral periorbital necrotising fasciitis (PONF) associated with invasive GAS infection. The patient had a prolonged intensive care unit course with input from multiple specialist teams. This case demonstrates the importance of early recognition and treatment of PONF, the profound systemic morbidity caused by these infections, and illustrates successful multidisciplinary teamwork.

scholarly journals Epidemiology of Invasive Group A Streptococcal Disease in Alaska, 2001 to 2013

2015 ◽  
Vol 54 (1) ◽  
pp. 134-141 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karen Rudolph ◽  
Michael G. Bruce ◽  
Dana Bruden ◽  
Tammy Zulz ◽  
Alisa Reasonover ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vaccine Development ◽  
Case Fatality ◽  
Invasive Disease ◽  
Population Based ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Surveillance Program ◽  
Bacterial Disease ◽  
Invasive Group ◽  
Laboratory Surveillance ◽  
Group A

The Arctic Investigations Program (AIP) began surveillance for invasive group A streptococcal (GAS) infections in Alaska in 2000 as part of the invasive bacterial diseases population-based laboratory surveillance program. Between 2001 and 2013, there were 516 cases of GAS infection reported, for an overall annual incidence of 5.8 cases per 100,000 persons with 56 deaths (case fatality rate, 10.7%). Of the 516 confirmed cases of invasive GAS infection, 422 (82%) had isolates available for laboratory analysis. All isolates were susceptible to penicillin, cefotaxime, and levofloxacin. Resistance to tetracycline, erythromycin, and clindamycin was seen in 11% (n= 8), 5.8% (n= 20), and 1.2% (n= 4) of the isolates, respectively. A total of 51emmtypes were identified, of whichemm1 (11.1%) was the most prevalent, followed byemm82 (8.8%),emm49 (7.8%),emm12 andemm3 (6.6% each),emm89 (6.2%),emm108 (5.5%),emm28 (4.7%),emm92 (4%), andemm41 (3.8%). The five most commonemmtypes accounted for 41% of isolates. Theemmtypes in the proposed 26-valent and 30-valent vaccines accounted for 56% and 78% of all cases, respectively. GAS remains an important cause of invasive bacterial disease in Alaska. Continued surveillance of GAS infections will help improve understanding of the epidemiology of invasive disease, with an impact on disease control, notification of outbreaks, and vaccine development.

scholarly journals Sequential Quadriplex Real-Time PCR for Identifying 20 Common emm Types of Group A Streptococcus

2020 ◽  
Vol 59 (1) ◽  
pp. e01764-20
Author(s):  
Srinivasan Velusamy ◽  
Katherine Jordak ◽  
Madeline Kupor ◽  
Sopio Chochua ◽  
Lesley McGee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Real Time Pcr ◽  
Group A Streptococcus ◽  
High Specificity ◽  
The United States ◽  
Rapid Identification ◽  
Invasive Group ◽  
Outbreak Investigations ◽  
Group A ◽  
Culture Negative

ABSTRACTWe developed a sequential quadriplex real-time PCR-based method for rapid identification of 20 emm types commonly found in invasive group A Streptococcus (iGAS) strains recovered through the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention’s Active Bacterial Core surveillance. Each emm real-time PCR assay showed high specificity and accurately identified the respective target emm type, including emm subtypes in the United States. Furthermore, this method is useful for rapid typing of GAS isolates and culture-negative specimens during outbreak investigations.

Management of a cluster of invasive group A streptococcus infection in elderly patients linked to a district nursing team in the UK

The Lancet ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 384 ◽  
pp. S57
Author(s):  
Oluwakemi Olufon ◽  
Nalini Iyanger ◽  
Vivien Cleary ◽  
Vicki Chalker ◽  
Theresa Lamagni
Keyword(s):  
Elderly Patients ◽  
Group A Streptococcus ◽  
Invasive Group ◽  
Nursing Team ◽  
Group A ◽  
The Uk
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