scholarly journals Discordance at Human Leukocyte Antigen–DRB3 and Protection from Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Transmission

2002 ◽  
Vol 185 (12) ◽  
pp. 1729-1735 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shannon L. Hader ◽  
Thomas W. Hodge ◽  
Kate A. Buchacz ◽  
Robert A. Bray ◽  
Nancy S. Padian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Human Leukocyte Antigen ◽  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type ◽  
Virus Type ◽  
Human Leukocyte ◽  
Leukocyte Antigen ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus

scholarly journals Human Leukocyte Antigen B58 Supertype and Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Infection in Native Africans

2006 ◽  
Vol 80 (12) ◽  
pp. 6056-6060 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aleksandr Lazaryan ◽  
Elena Lobashevsky ◽  
Joseph Mulenga ◽  
Etienne Karita ◽  
Susan Allen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Human Leukocyte Antigen ◽  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type ◽  
Virus Type ◽  
Human Leukocyte ◽  
Subtype C ◽  
Leukocyte Antigen ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Hiv 1

ABSTRACT Human leukocyte antigen (HLA) class I alleles can be grouped into supertypes according to their shared peptide binding properties. We examined alleles of the HLA-B58 supertype (B58s) in treatment-naïve human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1)-seropositive Africans (423 Zambians and 202 Rwandans). HLA-B and HLA-C alleles were resolved to four digits by a combination of molecular methods, and their respective associations with outcomes of HIV-1 infection were analyzed by statistical procedures appropriate for continuous or categorical data. The effects of the individual alleles on natural HIV-1 infection were heterogeneous. In HIV-1 subtype C-infected Zambians, the mean viral load (VL) was lower among B*5703 (P = 0.01) or B*5703-Cw*18 (P < 0.001) haplotype carriers and higher among B*5802 (P = 0.02) or B*5802-Cw*0602 (P = 0.03) carriers. The B*5801-Cw*03 haplotype showed an association with low VL (P = 0.05), whereas B*5801 as a whole did not. Rwandans with HIV-1 subtype A infection showed associations of B*5703 and B*5802 with slow (P = 0.06) and rapid (P = 0.003) disease progression, respectively. In neither population were B*1516-B*1517 alleles associated with more favorable responses. Overall, B58s alleles, individually or as part of an HLA-B-HLA-C haplotype, appeared to have a distinctive impact on HIV-1 infection among native Africans. As presently defined, B58s alleles cannot be considered uniformly protective against HIV/AIDS in every population.

scholarly journals Proline 78 Is Crucial for Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Nef To Down-Regulate Class I Human Leukocyte Antigen

2003 ◽  
Vol 77 (2) ◽  
pp. 1589-1594 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takeshi Yamada ◽  
Naotoshi Kaji ◽  
Takashi Odawara ◽  
Joe Chiba ◽  
Aikichi Iwamoto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
T Lymphocytes ◽  
Human Leukocyte Antigen ◽  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type ◽  
Virus Type ◽  
Human Leukocyte ◽  
Down Regulation ◽  
Leukocyte Antigen ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus

ABSTRACT Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 Nef down-regulates human leukocyte antigen class I (HLA-I) in T lymphocytes, and the down-regulation involves the Nef proline-rich domain (PRD) containing four prolines at positions 69, 72, 75, and 78. We used a Sendai virus vector with nef and examined regulation by Nef of HLA-I and CD4 in suspension cultures of cells such as T lymphocytes. Analyses of a series of PRD substitution mutants indicated that, because the substitution of Pro78 with Ala abolished down-regulation of HLA-I but not of CD4, Pro78 is important for HLA-I down-regulation in T lymphocytes.

scholarly journals Variability and Immunogenicity of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 p24 Gene Quasispecies

2000 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 377-383 ◽  
Author(s):  
Johanna Iroegbu ◽  
Markus Birk ◽  
Una Lazdina ◽  
Anders Sönnerborg ◽  
Matti Sällberg
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Immune Responses ◽  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type ◽  
Virus Type ◽  
Human Leukocyte ◽  
T Cell Response ◽  
Cytotoxic T Cell ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Hiv 1

ABSTRACT Despite the conserved nature of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) gag gene, multiple quasispecies of the p24 gene coexist in HIV-1-infected patients. We cloned and sequenced 31 p24 genes from four HIV-1-infected patients. The intrapatient homology between the p24 genes ranged from 97.1 to 99.1%, whereas the interpatient homology ranged from 91.5 to 93.8%, suggesting a host-specific evolution. Synonymous and nonsynonymous nucleotide changes were evenly distributed in the p24 gene, with 27 and 28%, respectively, located within host human leukocyte antigen class I recognition sites. This would suggest only a minor influence from the host cytotoxic T-cell response on the evolution of the p24 gene. The importance of minor variations within p24 was analyzed by designing DNA-based immunogens from two distinct p24 quasispecies genes simultaneously derived from one patient. In plasmid-immunizedH-2b , H-2d , andH-2k haplotype mice, a clear influence from the host major histocompatibility complex was noted on the immune responses, fully consistent with those noted when a recombinant p24 protein is used as the immunogen. The two p24 DNA immunogens did not differ in their immunogenicity, indicating that the limited genetic variability (<1%) had little influence on the immune responses.

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