The Effectiveness of Selection for Salinity Tolerance Using In vitro Shoot Cultures

1988 ◽  
Vol 149 (2) ◽  
pp. 166-172 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen F. Chandler ◽  
Kee Yoeup Paek ◽  
Eng-Chong Pua ◽  
Elena Ragolsky ◽  
Binay B. Mandal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salinity Tolerance ◽  
Shoot Cultures ◽  
Selection For ◽  
In Vitro Shoot Cultures

scholarly journals Phytotoxicity and Other Adverse Effects on the In Vitro Shoot Cultures Caused by Virus Elimination Treatments: Reasons and Solutions

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 670
Author(s):  
Katalin Magyar-Tábori ◽  
Nóra Mendler-Drienyovszki ◽  
Alexandra Hanász ◽  
László Zsombik ◽  
Judit Dobránszki
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Physiological Condition ◽  
Harmful Effect ◽  
Shoot Cultures ◽  
Virus Elimination ◽  
In Vitro Shoots ◽  
Further Development ◽  
In Vitro Shoot Cultures ◽  
Harmful Effects

In general, in vitro virus elimination is based on the culture of isolated meristem, and in addition thermotherapy, chemotherapy, electrotherapy, and cryotherapy can also be applied. During these processes, plantlets suffer several stresses, which can result in low rate of survival, inhibited growth, incomplete development, or abnormal morphology. Even though the in vitro cultures survive the treatment, further development can be inhibited; thus, regeneration capacity of treated in vitro shoots or explants play also an important role in successful virus elimination. Sensitivity of genotypes to treatments is very different, and the rate of destruction largely depends on the physiological condition of plants as well. Exposure time of treatments affects the rate of damage in almost every therapy. Other factors such as temperature, illumination (thermotherapy), type and concentration of applied chemicals (chemo- and cryotherapy), and electric current intensity (electrotherapy) also may have a great impact on the rate of damage. However, there are several ways to decrease the harmful effect of treatments. This review summarizes the harmful effects of virus elimination treatments applied on tissue cultures reported in the literature. The aim of this review is to expound the solutions that can be used to mitigate phytotoxic and other adverse effects in practice.

scholarly journals In Vitro Plant Growth Promoting Activity of Phyllocladane Diterpenoids Isolated from Callicarpa macrophylla Vahl. in Shoot Cultures of Rauwolfia serpentina

2007 ◽  
Vol 2 (8) ◽  
pp. 1934578X0700200 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manoj K Goel ◽  
Arun K Kukreja ◽  
Anil K Singh ◽  
Suman Preet S Khanuja
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Shoot Cultures ◽  
Rauwolfia Serpentina ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting Activities ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting ◽  
Plant Tissue Cultures ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting Activity ◽  
Growth Promoting ◽  
In Vitro Shoot Cultures

Phyllocladane diterpenoids, particularly calliterpenone (1) and calliterpenone monoacetate (2), isolated from leaves of Callicarpa macrophylla, produced significantly higher growth and multiplication of in vitro shoot cultures of Rauwolfia serpentina at 0.25 and 0.5 mg/L concentrations, respectively, compared to certain other plant growth regulators (0.1-5.0 mg/L) tested under in vitro conditions. This is the first report of the plant growth promoting activities of 1 and 2 in plant tissue cultures.

scholarly journals Identification and quantitative determination of pinoresinol in Taxus ×media Rehder needles, cell suspension and shoot cultures

2015 ◽  
Vol 84 (1) ◽  
pp. 125-132 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paulina Mistrzak ◽  
Hanna Celejewska-Marciniak ◽  
Wojciech J. Szypuła ◽  
Olga Olszowska ◽  
Anna K. Kiss
Keyword(s):  
Cell Culture ◽  
Suspension Culture ◽  
Quantitative Determination ◽  
Cell Suspension ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Shoot Cultures ◽  
Taxus Media ◽  
In Vitro Shoot Cultures

The aim of our study was to investigate the presence and quantitative contents of lignans in the tissues of <em>Taxus</em> ×<em>media</em>. The presence of the lignans: pinoresinol, matairesinol and secoisolariciresinol was assessed in needles, shoots cultures and suspension culture. Pinoresinol was the only lignan found in the tissue of <em>T.</em> ×<em>media</em>. The total pinoresinol content in the needles and in the shoots was 1.24 mg/g dry weight (dw) and 0.69 mg/g dw, respectively. Most of the pinoresinol identified was appeared glycosidically bound. In needles, the amount of glycosidically bound pinoresinol (0.81 mg/g dw) was about twice as high as that of free pinoresinol (0.43 mg/g dw). The content of free and glycosidically bound pinoresinol showed the level of 0.18 mg/g dw and 0.51 mg/g dw, respectively in the in vitro shoot cultures. In the cell culture, no pinoresinol was found.

scholarly journals A Modified Nodal Cutting Bioassay for Assessing Salinity Tolerance in Potato (Solanum sp.)

HortScience ◽  
1995 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 752E-752 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. Zhang ◽  
D. Donnelly
Keyword(s):  
Salinity Tolerance ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Basal Medium ◽  
Russet Burbank ◽  
Nodal Cutting ◽  
Field Assessment ◽  
Nodal Cuttings ◽  
Selection For ◽  
Night Period

The potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) is considered moderately sensitive to salinity stress. Yields can be adversely affected by salinity at EC levels of 2 to 3 dS·m–1. In vitro screening and selection for salinity tolerance may be faster and more reliable than traditional field assessment. A modified nodal cutting bioassay was developed based on that of Morpurgo (1991) and used to rank the salinity tolerance of several potato cultivars, wild Solanum species, and their hybrids. Nodal cuttings were cultured in Murashige and Skoog (1962) basal medium which included NaCl at 0, 40, 80, and 120 mM. After 4 weeks at 25C and 16/8 h day/night period, vegetative growth parameters were assessed. Hybrids derived from S. chacoense outperformed hybrids of other wild species, their wild parents, and S. tuberosum cultivars. `Russet Burbank' and `Kennebec' were more salinity-tolerant than the three other cultivars tested.

scholarly journals Redevelopment of Tissue Proliferation Symptoms in Rooted Rhododendron Cuttings

HortScience ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 34 (4) ◽  
pp. 723-726 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark H. Brand ◽  
Richard Kiyomoto
Keyword(s):  
Tumor Formation ◽  
Cutting Stock ◽  
Shoot Cultures ◽  
Stem Cuttings ◽  
Tissue Proliferation ◽  
Length Width ◽  
Micropropagated Plants ◽  
In Vitro Shoot Cultures ◽  
Growth Abnormalities

Tissue proliferation (TP) of Rhododendron sp. is characterized by basal tumors that often develop into numerous dwarf shoots. Growers need to know if the TP condition will recur in plants grown from normal-appearing cuttings collected from plants with TP tumors. Stem cuttings of seven cultivars were collected from stock plants with TP [TP(+)] and without TP [TP(–)] and rooted. Plants were grown in containers outdoors for 2 years and were then evaluated for tumor formation and other TP-related morphological symptoms. Shoots of TP(+) plants were either similar in length to shoots of TP(–) plants, or were shorter, as was the case for `Boule de Neige', `Catawbiense Album', and `Montego'. Plants grown from TP(+) cuttings of all cultivars had more leaves per growth flush than did plants grown from TP(–) cuttings. `Holden', `Montego', and `Scintillation' TP(+) leaves were narrower than leaves from TP(–) shoots and had greater length: width ratios. Leaves of TP(+) `Montego' and `Scintillation' plants were shorter and smaller than leaves from their TP(–) counterparts. Tumors were not observed on any propagated plants, regardless of the TP status of cutting stock plants. To further test the influence of age and TP status of source plants used for cutting propagation, `Montego' plants were grown from cuttings collected from the following sources: 1) in vitro shoot cultures; 2) 3-year-old plants with TP; 3) 6-year-old plants with TP; and 4) TP(–) plants. Cuttings from TP(+) micropropagated plants less than 3 years old were more likely to develop tumors than were cuttings from older plants. Eighty-three percent of plants from microcuttings and 74% of plants from cuttings of 3-year-old TP(+) plants formed tumors, whereas no plants grown from 6-year-old TP(+) or TP(–) cuttings did so. Large tumors that surrounded half or more of the stem were more likely to develop on plants grown from microcuttings than on plants grown from the next youngest, 3-year-old TP(+), stock plants. Growers must be aware that cuttings from TP(+) plants may produce plants that exhibit morphological and growth abnormalities, possibly even including tumor redevelopment.

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