Cuticular Ultrastructure of Prosopis velutina and Acacia greggii Leaflets

1980 ◽  
Vol 141 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. A. Bleckmann ◽  
H. M. Hull ◽  
R. W. Hoshaw
Keyword(s):  
Prosopis Velutina ◽  
Acacia Greggii

In vitro decay studies of selective delignification and simultaneous decay by the white rot fungi Ganoderma lucidum and G. tsugae

1986 ◽  
Vol 64 (8) ◽  
pp. 1611-1619 ◽  
Author(s):  
James E. Adaskaveg ◽  
Robert L. Gilbertson
Keyword(s):  
Ganoderma Lucidum ◽  
White Rot Fungi ◽  
Wood Decay ◽  
White Rot ◽  
Vitis Vinifera L ◽  
Prosopis Velutina ◽  
Agar Block ◽  
Selective Delignification ◽  
Simultaneous Decay

The in vitro wood decay abilities of Ganoderma lucidum (W. Curt.: Fr.) Karst. and G. tsugae Murr. were studied using the following woods in agar block decay chambers: Vitis vinifera L., Quercus hypoleucoides A. Camus, Prosopis velutina Woot., Abies concolor (Gord. & Glend.) Lindl. ex. Hildebr., and Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirb.) Franco. Grape wood lost the most weight while mesquite the least. Ganoderma lucidum isolates generally caused greater weight loss of all woods than did G. tsugae isolates. The range of the percent weight losses varied with the wood. Both Ganoderma species caused simultaneous decay in all woods. However, chemical analyses of the decayed blocks indicated that selective delignification by both species also occurred in grape and white fir blocks. Chemical analysis of the decayed oak blocks indicated the percentages of lignin and holocellulose were not statistically different from the controls. However, there was a trend towards delignification. The analyses of the Douglas-fir blocks indicated only simultaneous decay. Scanning electron microscopy demonstrated selective delignification and simultaneous decay of all woods tested. However, the extent of the delignification differed among the wood species. Delignification appeared mainly in areas of tracheids or fiber tracheids, while the rays were simultaneously decayed.

ACTIVIDAD ANTIOXIDANTE DE EXTRACTOS DE HOJA DE MEZQUITE (Prosopis velutina)

Biotecnia ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 113-119
Author(s):  
Margarita Irene Ramírez-Rojo ◽  
Rey David Vargas-Sánchez ◽  
Javier Hernández-Martínez ◽  
Evelin Martínez-Benavidez ◽  
José Jesús Sánchez-Escalante ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prosopis Velutina

El mezquite (Prosopis velutina) es una planta tradicionalmente utilizada por el hombre y animales como alimento en ciertas regiones de México. Además, también es considerada medicinal debido a que posee ciertas propiedades biológicas, las cuales son atribuidas a la presencia de fitoquímicos como los compuestos fenólicos. El objetivo fue evaluar la composición y actividad antioxidante de extractos de hoja de mezquite obtenidos con diferentes solventes. Los extractos se obtuvieron utilizando como solventes de extracción, agua (EAM), etanol y agua (1:1) (EAEM) y etanol (EEM); una vez obtenidos se evaluaron determinando presencia de posibles compuestos tóxicos (alcaloides, cianógenos y saponinas); el contenido de fenoles y flavonoides totales (CFT y CFvT); así como la actividad antioxidante de los extractos mediante la inhibición del radical DPPH• y el poder reductor (FRAP). Los resultados mostraron que en los extractos no se encontró la presencia de compuestos tóxicos; que los valores más altos de rendimiento de extracción fueron para el EAEM (21.4%); y que el mayor CFT y CFvT (> 50 mg/g), así como la actividad antioxidante la presentó el EEM (34%). Por lo que, el EEM pudiera ser utilizado como aditivo en la industria farmacéutica o como ingrediente en la formulación de alimentos.

scholarly journals Pollen profile of propolis produced on the eastern edge of the Sonoran Desert in central Sonora, Mexico

2016 ◽  
pp. 69 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rey David Vargas-Sánchez ◽  
María Cristina Peñalba-Garmendia ◽  
José Jesús Sánchez-Escalante ◽  
Gastón Ramón Torrescano-Urrutia ◽  
Armida Sánchez-Escalante
Keyword(s):  
Sonoran Desert ◽  
Prosopis Velutina ◽  
Eastern Edge

Se colectaron ocho muestras de propóleos de la región oriental del Desierto Sonorense en dos sitios (Pueblo de Álamos y Rancho Viejo, ubicados en Ures, Sonora, México) durante dos épocas del año (invierno y verano, 2012 y 2013) y fueron analizadas utilizando métodos palinológicos con el fin de determinar qué plantas fueron visitadas por las abejas para recolectar materia prima (resina, cera y polen) para formar los propóleos. El análisis polínico identificó un total de 42 tipos de polen. Seis muestras de propóleos fueron biflorales (muestras de verano e invierno) y dos multiflorales (muestras de invierno). Mimosa distachya var. laxiflora y Prosopis velutina fueron considerados los tipos polínicos característicos, con 15 a 45% de los conjuntos polínicos totales.

Shasta ground sloth food habits, Rampart Cave, Arizona

Paleobiology ◽  
1978 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 302-319 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard M. Hansen
Keyword(s):  
Food Habits ◽  
Grand Canyon ◽  
Common Reed ◽  
Phragmites Communis ◽  
Acacia Greggii ◽  
Gross Energy ◽  
Digestible Protein ◽  
Ephedra Nevadensis ◽  
Ground Sloth

The feces of the Shasta ground sloth (Nothrotheriops shastense), preserved by the arid climate of the lower Grand Canyon, were collected at various levels and examined by microhistological analyses to identify and quantify plant taxa in the diet. Over 500 pieces of different Shasta sloth coprolites were examined. Sloth dung from the nearby Muav Caves was examined and compared with that from Rampart Cave.Seventy-two genera of plants were identified in the sloth dung deposited discontinuously from over 40,000 to about 11,000 yr BP. The major plant taxa in the Rampart Cave sloth diets were desert globemallow (Sphaeralcea ambigua = 52%), Nevada mormontea (Ephedra nevadensis = 18%), saltbushes (Atriplex spp. = 7%), catclaw acacia (Acacia greggii = 6%), Cactaceae spp. (= 3%), common reed (Phragmites communis = 5%), and yucca (Yucca spp. = 2%).Six of the most abundant plants in sloth diets were collected in the environs of Rampart Cave and were analyzed for their energy, fiber and nutrient values. The simulated diets of Rampart Cave sloths averaged 1679 cal/g in digestible gross energy and 7.9% for digestible protein. Apart from a substantial increase in digestible energy and in mormontea there was no unusual change in the sloth diet immediately prior to the time of their extinction.The ecological role of Nothrotheriops shastense is less dramatically different from that of extant desert herbivores than was previously believed.

scholarly journals Effects of Prosopis velutina Invasion on Soil Characteristics along the Riverine System of the Molopo River in North-West Province, South Africa

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Alvino Abraham Comole ◽  
Pieter Willem Malan ◽  
Makuété André Patrick Tiawoun
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Soil Properties ◽  
Invasive Plant ◽  
Soil Characteristics ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Available Phosphorus ◽  
Prosopis Velutina ◽  
North West ◽  
North West Province ◽  
Almost All

Invasive alien plants are one of the major threats to ecosystems. Many invasive plant species, such as Prosopis species, have been introduced around the world and can alter the soil properties of invaded ecosystems. It is one of the most aggressive invasive plant invaders in the North-West Province of South Africa, but little information is available about their influence on soil properties. This study was conducted to investigate the effect of Prosopis velutina invasion on selected soil properties at five different sites along the riverine system of the Molopo River in North West Province. At each study site, soil characteristics were measured from soil samples taken under P. velutina canopies, between canopies and in the benchmark stands free of Prosopis species. The effect on selected soil properties of P. velutina invasion varied between the three stands and between sites. In all the sites, almost all soils collected from under the canopies had a significantly higher soil exchangeable Ca, K, Mg, and Na, organic matter (OM), total nitrogen (TN), available phosphorus (P), Electrical conductivity (EC), and cation exchange capacity (CEC) than the other sample positions, except for the pH which had the high value in intercanopies. Significantly higher ( p < 0.05 ) values of almost all soil properties were found on the densely invaded sites (Tshidilamolomo I and Tshidilamolomo II) compared to lightly invaded sites (Mabule, Black Heat Farm, and Bray). However, it was difficult to generalise as the effects often appear to be site-specific. In addition, the findings also indicated that soils textural classes ranged between sand, silt, and clay in all study sites with a higher proportion of sand in the benchmark than in the soil under the canopies and intercanopies. Soil characteristics differed significantly more between sites than among positions. The site effects observed in this current study provide evidences that this species may occupy a relatively broad soil niche.

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