TheHubble Space TelescopeKey Project on the Extragalactic Distance Scale. XX. The Discovery of Cepheids in the Virgo Cluster Galaxy NGC 4548

1999 ◽  
Vol 516 (2) ◽  
pp. 626-646 ◽  
Author(s):  
John A. Graham ◽  
Laura Ferrarese ◽  
Wendy L. Freedman ◽  
Robert C. Kennicutt, Jr. ◽  
Jeremy R. Mould ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Virgo Cluster ◽  
Distance Scale ◽  
Cluster Galaxy ◽  
Extragalactic Distance Scale

scholarly journals The Virgo Cluster

2012 ◽  
Vol 8 (S289) ◽  
pp. 262-268
Author(s):  
Jeremy Mould
Keyword(s):  
Hubble Space Telescope ◽  
Hubble Constant ◽  
Virgo Cluster ◽  
Distance Scale ◽  
Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe ◽  
Traditional Role ◽  
Distance Measurements ◽  
Redshift Surveys ◽  
Extragalactic Distance Scale

AbstractIn the era of precision cosmology, the Virgo cluster takes on a new role in the cosmic distance scale. Its traditional role of testing the consistency of secondary distance indicators is replaced by an ensemble of distance measurements within the Local Supercluster, united by a velocity-field model obtained from a reconstruction based on redshift surveys. The Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe (WMAP) leads us to see the Hubble constant as one of six parameters in a standard model of cosmology with considerable covariance among parameters. Independent experiments, such as WMAP, the Hubble Space Telescope Key Project on the Extragalactic Distance Scale, and their successors constrain these parameters.

scholarly journals Variable Stars and the Cosmic Distance Scale

1989 ◽  
Vol 111 ◽  
pp. 169-176
Author(s):  
Jeremy Mould
Keyword(s):  
Hubble Space Telescope ◽  
Hubble Constant ◽  
Variable Stars ◽  
Virgo Cluster ◽  
Distance Scale ◽  
Stellar Structure ◽  
Space Telescope ◽  
Pulsating Variable Stars ◽  
Extragalactic Distance Scale ◽  
Detector Technology

For three quarters of a century pulsating variable stars have lain at the foundation of the extragalactic distance scale. The construction of larger telescopes, advances in detector technology, hard work by observers, and our understanding of stellar structure have all contributed to the expansion of the realm of the Cepheids to the distance of M101. Now, with the advent of Hubble Space Telescope (HST), we can look forward to the detection of Cepheids in the Virgo cluster and the removal of much of the remaining uncertainty in the Hubble constant.

scholarly journals Cepheid and Long – Period Variables in Virgo Cluster Galaxies

1993 ◽  
Vol 139 ◽  
pp. 81-89
Author(s):  
M.J. Pierce ◽  
R.D. McClure ◽  
D.L. Welch ◽  
R. Racine ◽  
S. van den Bergh
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Hubble Constant ◽  
Variable Stars ◽  
Virgo Cluster ◽  
Distance Scale ◽  
Cluster Galaxies ◽  
Cluster Distance ◽  
Resolution Imaging ◽  
Extragalactic Distance Scale

AbstractWe are currently undertaking a ground-based imaging survey which attempts to discover and determine periods for variable stars in Virgo Cluster galaxies. Such a survey is now feasible thanks to the high resolution imaging (FWHM ≤ 0.50 arcsec) routinely obtained with the High Resolution Camera on the Canada-France-Hawaii Telescope. The Virgo Cluster has long been considered a crucial “stepping-stone” in the extragalactic distance scale problem given that the cluster is at a “cosmologically interesting” distance and that there is little controversy in the relative distance between Virgo and more distant clusters, such as Coma. Consequently, much of the controversy regarding the extragalactic distance scale and the Hubble Constant can be eliminated with a determination of the Virgo Cluster distance. Some preliminary results and the prospects for establishing the distance to the Virgo Cluster using Cepheids and LPVs are discussed.

scholarly journals Five Crucial Tests of the Extragalactic Distance Scale Using the Galaxy as Fundamental Calibrator

1983 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 315-317
Author(s):  
G. de Vaucouleurs
Keyword(s):  
Local Group ◽  
Traditional Approach ◽  
Virgo Cluster ◽  
Distance Scale ◽  
Short Scale ◽  
The Galaxy ◽  
Extragalactic Distance Scale

The traditional approach to the extragalactic distance scale has been through several levels of primary, secondary and tertiary indicators of increasing range and decreasing precision. This piecemeal approach, fraught with the danger of cumulative errors, has led in recent years to two widely divergent scales, the “long” scale of Sandage and Tammann (1974–1982), leading to ≃ 50 km s-1 Mpc-1, and the “short” scale of the author (1978–79), leading to Ho ≃ 100 (de Vaucouleurs and Bollinger 1979; de Vaucouleurs and Peters 1981; de Vaucouleurs et al. 1981). The divergence, increasing from ~ 0.4 mag in the Local Group to ~ 1.2 mag at the distance of the Virgo Cluster, indicates that at least one of the scales is not linear (de Vaucouleurs 1981).

The Extragalactic Distance Scale Key Project. XVIII. The Discovery of Cepheids and a New Distance to NGC 4535 Using theHubble Space Telescope

1999 ◽  
Vol 521 (1) ◽  
pp. 155-178 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. M. Macri ◽  
J. P. Huchra ◽  
P. B. Stetson ◽  
N. A. Silbermann ◽  
W. L. Freedman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Distance Scale ◽  
Space Telescope ◽  
Extragalactic Distance Scale

scholarly journals Hot halo gas in the Virgo cluster galaxy NGC 4569

2001 ◽  
Vol 380 (1) ◽  
pp. 40-54 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Tschöke ◽  
D. J. Bomans ◽  
G. Hensler ◽  
N. Junkes
Keyword(s):  
Virgo Cluster ◽  
Cluster Galaxy ◽  
Halo Gas

scholarly journals Planetary Nebulae and their parent stellar populations. Tracing the mass assembly of M87 and Intracluster light in the Virgo cluster core

2015 ◽  
Vol 11 (S317) ◽  
pp. 69-76
Author(s):  
Magda Arnaboldi ◽  
Alessia Longobardi ◽  
Ortwin Gerhard
Keyword(s):  
Planetary Nebulae ◽  
Major Axis ◽  
Large Magellanic Cloud ◽  
Virgo Cluster ◽  
Star Formation History ◽  
Cluster Core ◽  
Line Of Sight ◽  
Cluster Galaxy ◽  
Mass Assembly ◽  
Intracluster Light

AbstractThe diffuse extended outer regions of galaxies are hard to study because they are faint, with typical surface brightness of 1% of the dark night sky. We can tackle this problem by using resolved star tracers which remain visible at large distances from the galaxy centers. This article describes the use of Planetary Nebulae as tracers and the calibration of their properties as indicators of the star formation history, mean age and metallicity of the parent stars in the Milky Way and Local Group galaxies. We then report on the results from a deep, extended, planetary nebulae survey in a 0.5 deg2region centered on the brightest cluster galaxy NGC 4486 (M87) in the Virgo cluster core, carried out with SuprimeCam@Subaru and FLAMES-GIRAFFE@VLT. Two planetary nebulae populations are identified out to 150 kpc distance from the center of M87. One population is associated with the M87 halo and the second one with the intracluster light in the Virgo cluster core. They have different line-of-sight velocity and spatial distributions, as well as different planetary nebulae specific frequencies and luminosity functions. The intracluster planetary nebulae in the surveyed region correspond to a luminosity of four times the luminosity of the Large Magellanic Cloud. The M87 halo planetary nebulae trace an older, more metal-rich, parent stellar population. A substructure detected in the projected phase-space of the line-of-sight velocity vs. major axis distance for the M87 halo planetary nebulae provides evidence for the recent accretion event of a satellite galaxy with luminosity twice that of M33. The satellite stars were tidally stripped about 1 Gyr ago, and reached apocenter at a major axis distance of 60–90 kpc from the center of M87. The M87 halo is still growing significantly at the distances where the substructure is detected.

scholarly journals Recent improvements to the Cepheid distance scale

1993 ◽  
Vol 139 ◽  
pp. 61-71
Author(s):  
Wendy L. Freedman ◽  
Barry F. Madore
Keyword(s):  
Near Infrared ◽  
Hubble Space Telescope ◽  
Systematic Difference ◽  
Distance Scale ◽  
Nearby Galaxy ◽  
Rr Lyrae ◽  
Cepheid Variables ◽  
Level Of Significance ◽  
Extragalactic Distance Scale ◽  
Better Than

AbstractIn the course of the last decade significant advances have been made in the observations of Cepheid variables and in their successful application to the extragalactic distance scale. Much of this progress has come about as a result of new CCD and near-infrared photometry. These recent improvements are discussed, and a comparison is given of Population I Cepheids and Population II distances. The correspondence is good, with the zero points agreeing at a level of better than 15% in distance. At this same level of significance, a systematic difference between these distances scales may exist, in the sense that the RR Lyrae distances appear to be smaller than the Cepheid distances (if it is assumed, as has generally been done for extragalactic studies of RR Lyraes, that Mv(RR) = 0.77 mag, independent of [Fe/H]). However, several recently-published calibrations of Mv(RR) significantly reduce this discrepancy. Finally, new Cepheid data for the nearby galaxy M81 are presented based on recent Hubble Space Telescope observations.

Controversy over the extragalactic distance scale

Nature ◽  
1976 ◽  
Vol 264 (5587) ◽  
pp. 603-604
Author(s):  
M. Rowan-Robinson
Keyword(s):  
Distance Scale ◽  
Extragalactic Distance Scale
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