scholarly journals Individual Estimates of European Genetic Admixture Associated with Lower Body-Mass Index, Plasma Glucose, and Prevalence of Type 2 Diabetes in Pima Indians

2000 ◽  
Vol 66 (2) ◽  
pp. 527-538 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert C. Williams ◽  
Jeffrey C. Long ◽  
Robert L. Hanson ◽  
Maurice L. Sievers ◽  
William C. Knowler
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Plasma Glucose ◽  
Genetic Admixture ◽  
Lower Body ◽  
Pima Indians ◽  
Lower Body Mass Index

Behavioural cardiovascular risk factors and prevalence of diabetes in subjects with familial hypercholesterolaemia

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (15) ◽  
pp. 1649-1660
Author(s):  
Sofia Perez-Calahorra ◽  
Fernando Civeira ◽  
Pilar Guallar-Castillón ◽  
Xavier Pinto ◽  
José R Banegas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Familial Hypercholesterolaemia ◽  
Lower Body ◽  
Lower Prevalence ◽  
Lower Body Mass Index

A low prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus has been reported in familial hypercholesterolaemia. Whether a healthier lifestyle could explain it has not been explored. This cross-sectional study determines the prevalence of lifestyle-related cardiovascular risk factors in heterozygous familial hypercholesterolaemia (HeFH) from the Dyslipidaemia Registry of the Spanish Atherosclerosis Society and in the ENRICA study, a representative sample of the adult Spanish general population, weighted to match the age and sex distribution of the HeFH sample. A total of 2185 HeFH patients and 11,856 individuals from ENRICA were included. HeFH had lower body mass index and fewer of them were smokers than in the reference population. A model adjusted for age, sex and body mass index showed that HeFH more frequently had cardiovascular disease (odds ratio (OR) 23.98; 95% confidence interval (CI) 18.40–31.23) and hypertension (OR 1.20; 95% CI 1.07–1.35), and took anti-hypertensive medication (OR 1.36; 95% CI 1.18–1.56) and anti-diabetic medication (OR 1.25; 95% CI 1.00–1.56), but less frequently were smokers (OR 0.79; 95% CI 0.71–0.89). In a HeFH subsample ( n = 513) with complete blood glucose information, those patients without cardiovascular disease showed lower prevalence of smoking and type 2 diabetes mellitus, lower body mass index and glucose, and higher diastolic blood pressure than the Spanish population. The differences in type 2 diabetes mellitus were justified mostly by the difference in body mass index. Body mass index adjustment also showed higher prevalence of hypertension and use of anti-hypertensive drugs in HeFH. In summary, HeFH patients had lower body mass index, which may contribute to explaining the lower prevalence of diabetes, and lower current smoking but higher hypertension.

scholarly journals Palmitate action to inhibit glycogen synthase and stimulate protein phosphatase 2A increases with risk factors for type 2 diabetes

2008 ◽  
Vol 294 (2) ◽  
pp. E444-E450 ◽  
Author(s):  
David M. Mott ◽  
Karen Stone ◽  
Mary C. Gessel ◽  
Joy C. Bunt ◽  
Clifton Bogardus
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Plasma Glucose ◽  
Glucose Concentration ◽  
Protein Phosphatase ◽  
Glycogen Synthase ◽  
Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3 ◽  
Phosphatase 2A

Recent studies have suggested that abnormal regulation of protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A) is associated with Type 2 diabetes in rodent and human tissues. Results with cultured mouse myotubes support a mechanism for palmitate activation of PP2A, leading to activation of glycogen synthase kinase 3. Phosphorylation and inactivation of glycogen synthase by glycogen synthase kinase 3 could be the mechanism for long-chain fatty acid inhibition of insulin-mediated carbohydrate storage in insulin-resistant subjects. Here, we test the effects of palmitic acid on cultured muscle glycogen synthase and PP2A activities. Palmitate inhibition of glycogen synthase fractional activity is increased in subjects with high body mass index compared with subjects with lower body mass index ( r = −0.43, P = 0.03). Palmitate action on PP2A varies from inhibition in subjects with decreased 2-h plasma glucose concentration to activation in subjects with increased 2-h plasma glucose concentration ( r = 0.45, P < 0.03) during oral glucose tolerance tests. The results do not show an association between palmitate effects on PP2A and glycogen synthase fractional activity. We conclude that subjects at risk for Type 2 diabetes have intrinsic differences in palmitate regulation of at least two enzymes (PP2A and glycogen synthase), contributing to abnormal insulin regulation of glucose metabolism.

2496-PUB: Effect of Body Mass Index on HbA1c, Blood Pressure, and Cholesterol (ABC) Control in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes from Tibet in China

Diabetes ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 68 (Supplement 1) ◽  
pp. 2496-PUB
Author(s):  
ZHANG CHENGHUI ◽  
LI MINGXIA ◽  
WANG SUYUAN ◽  
WU YUNHONG
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Mass

2086-P: The Interaction of Fitness, Body Mass Index, and Mortality Risk in Type 2 Diabetes

Diabetes ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 68 (Supplement 1) ◽  
pp. 2086-P
Author(s):  
ERIC NYLEN ◽  
PETER KOKKINOS ◽  
CHARLES FASELIS ◽  
PUNEET NARAYAN ◽  
PAMELA KARASIK ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Mortality Risk
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