Book Review:The Efficiency of Control Strategies: Communication and Decision Making in Organizations. Dick Ramstrom

1970 ◽  
Vol 43 (3) ◽  
pp. 380
Author(s):  
Kenneth R. MacCrimmon
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Control Strategies

scholarly journals Patient-Centered Robot-Aided Passive Neurorehabilitation Exercise Based on Safety-Motion Decision-Making Mechanism

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lizheng Pan ◽  
Aiguo Song ◽  
Suolin Duan ◽  
Zhuqing Yu
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Control Strategy ◽  
Position Control ◽  
Impedance Control ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
Movement Speed ◽  
Stroke Patients ◽  
Patient Centered ◽  
Motion Speed ◽  
Clinical Experiments

Safety is one of the crucial issues for robot-aided neurorehabilitation exercise. When it comes to the passive rehabilitation training for stroke patients, the existing control strategies are usually just based on position control to carry out the training, and the patient is out of the controller. However, to some extent, the patient should be taken as a “cooperator” of the training activity, and the movement speed and range of the training movement should be dynamically regulated according to the internal or external state of the subject, just as what the therapist does in clinical therapy. This research presents a novel motion control strategy for patient-centered robot-aided passive neurorehabilitation exercise from the point of the safety. The safety-motion decision-making mechanism is developed to online observe and assess the physical state of training impaired-limb and motion performances and regulate the training parameters (motion speed and training rage), ensuring the safety of the supplied rehabilitation exercise. Meanwhile, position-based impedance control is employed to realize the trajectory tracking motion with interactive compliance. Functional experiments and clinical experiments are investigated with a healthy adult and four recruited stroke patients, respectively. The two types of experimental results demonstrate that the suggested control strategy not only serves with safety-motion training but also presents rehabilitation efficacy.

scholarly journals 3200 Balancing Cost and Quality of Care in the US and Denmark: Lessons for Nations Transitioning from Volume-Based to Value-Based Care

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (s1) ◽  
pp. 140-140
Author(s):  
Negin Fouladi ◽  
Margit Malmmose
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Quality Of Care ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Sources Of Information ◽  
Healthcare Organizations ◽  
Regulatory Oversight ◽  
Physician Practices ◽  
The Us

OBJECTIVES/SPECIFIC AIMS: Promote knowledge translation and evidence-informed decision-making by assessing barriers and facilitators to balancing cost and quality of care within the US state of Maryland and nation of Denmark. METHODS/STUDY POPULATION: Open-ended and semi-structured key-informant interviews were conducted in 2016 and 2017 among high level decision-makers in Maryland (N=21) and the Danish (N=17) healthcare systems, including hospital, local, regional, and cross-organizational administrators and elected officials. The interviews consisted of questions related to: (1) currently practiced and preferred approaches to resource allocation and development and use of quality performance measures, and (2) preferred sources, formats/styles, modes of information, and decision-making strategies based on a shift from volume to quality-driven care. RESULTS/ANTICIPATED RESULTS: Decision-makers in Maryland expressed the need for collaboration in a changing environment, yet increasingly rely on cost and quality outcomes data to drive decisions and note the struggle to identify credible and useful information. Maryland decision-makers also face challenges in regulating utilization and costs without mandated participation of physician practices within the global budget cap model, which is perceived to be a primary driver of healthcare utilization in the hospital sector. Similarly, decision-makers in Denmark conveyed the importance of quantitative data to aid decisions, however, stress collaboration and dialogue as driving factors and important sources of information. Danish decision-makers also express challenges to wide-spread adoption of a quality-driven approach due to unsustained quality assurance regulatory bodies. DISCUSSION/SIGNIFICANCE OF IMPACT: The findings suggest implementation of value-based healthcare is highly driven and influenced by availability of credible data, which may significantly impact development of policies and innovative cost control strategies, and regulatory oversight to promote adoption of quality measures in decision-making. Furthermore, collaboration within and across healthcare organizations remains a key component to health system improvement as it fosters dialogue and sharing of best practices among stakeholders.

Water pollution control in the river basin by fuzzy genetic algorithm-based multiobjective programming modeling

1998 ◽  
Vol 37 (8) ◽  
pp. 55-63 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. W. Chen ◽  
Ni-Bin Chang
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Algorithm ◽  
Water Quality ◽  
Decision Making ◽  
River Basin ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
Water Quality Management ◽  
Good Control ◽  
Optimization Techniques ◽  
Water Quality Control ◽  
Fuzzy Genetic

Designing water quality management strategies is often complicated by the difficulty in simultaneously considering large amounts of relevant data, applicable submodels, competing objectives, unquantifiable factors, nonlinear characteristics, and uncertainty during parameterization. Mathematical optimization techniques offer promise in identifying optimal or satisfactory strategies that may be used as benchmarks for decision making. Newer optimization techniques such as genetic algorithm (GA) and fuzzy mathematical programming make the search for optimal control strategies in an uncertain environment more feasible. Using a probabilistic search procedure that emulates Darwinian natural selection, GAs allow multicriteria decision making with respect to both nonlinear feature and fuzzy characteristics to be incorporated directly into the optimization process and generate trade-off curves between cost and environmental quality while identifying good control strategies. This paper verifies such a discovery by a case study of water quality control in the Tseng-Wen river basin in Taiwan.

The Public Health Consequences of Disasters

2000 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 21-31 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eric K. Noji
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Decision Making ◽  
Natural Disasters ◽  
Disaster Management ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
Volcanic Eruptions ◽  
Sudden Onset ◽  
Care Needs ◽  
Needs Assessments ◽  
Medical Relief

AbstractAlthough disasters have exacted a heavy toll of death and suffering, the future seems more frightening. Good disaster management must link data collection and analysis to the decision-making process. The overall objectives of disaster management from the viewpoint of public health are: 1) needs assessments; 2) matching available resources with defined needs; 3) prevention of further adverse health effects; 4) implementation of disease-control strategies; 5) evaluation of the effectiveness of the application of these strategies; and 6) improvement in contingency planning for future disasters.The effects of sudden-onset, natural disasters on humans are quantifiable. Knowledge of the epidemiology of deaths, injuries, and illnesses is essential to determine effective responses; provide public education; establish priorities, planning, and training. In addition, the temporal patterns for the medical care required must be established so that the needs in future disasters can be anticipated.This article discusses: 1) the nature of disasters due to sudden-onset, natural events; 2) the medical and health needs associated with such events and disasters; 3) practical issues of disaster responses; and 4) the advance organization and management of disasters. The discussion also includes: 1) discussions of past problems in disaster management including non-congruence between available supplies and the actual needs of the affected population; 2) information management; 3) needs assessments; 4) public health surveillance; and 5) linking information with decision-making. This discussion is followed by an analysis of what currently is known about the health-care needs during some specific types of sudden-onset, natural disasters: 1) floods; 2) tropical cyclones; 3) tornadoes; 4) volcanic eruptions; and 5) earthquakes. The article concludes with descriptions of some specific public-health problems associated with disasters including epidemics and disposition of corpses.All natural disasters are unique in that the regions affected have different social, economic, and health backgrounds. But, many similarities exist, and knowledge about these can ensure that the health and emergency medical relief and limited resources are well-managed.

AI in control Systems engineering

1990 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 181-214 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. A. Linkens
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Control Systems ◽  
Systems Engineering ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
Sensor Data ◽  
Algorithm Selection ◽  
Design And Implementation ◽  
Knowledge Based ◽  
Multi Sensor Data Fusion ◽  
Control Systems Engineering

AbstractDecision-making is an integral part of any consideration of the discipline of control Systems. This implies feedback of knowledge in some format, whether it is mediated via human or machineoriented methods. The application of AI methodologies to control Systems engineering is described in this review under two broad categories of design and implementation. The design of control strategies is itself divided into phases of modelling and simulation, identification, and algorithm selection and tuning. The aspects of implementation which are covered include real-time considerations such as knowledge-based control and fuzzy logic, multi-sensor data fusion, fault detection and Human–Computer Interaction (HCI).

scholarly journals Numerical study of the heat and moisture transfer in subterranean historic structures and regulation of the conditions for protection and sustainable management

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Βασιλική Κυριάκου
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
Simulation Program ◽  
Structural Elements ◽  
Adaptation Measures ◽  
Raising Awareness ◽  
Hygrothermal Performance ◽  
Microclimatic Conditions ◽  
Guidelines And Standards

Cultural heritage can be considered as a non-renewable resource of values for humanity. Aiming to protect and safeguard this resource for future generations, the concept of “sustainability” should be applied in the management of monuments and historical sites, considering that the preservation of cultural heritage is a topic of the UNESCO Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). This dissertation is a reference to the case study of Macedonian tombs in north Greece which are monuments of great historic importance and precious educational value. They are dated from the late 4th to the 2nd century B.C. and they are valuable examples of architecture and painting of this era, since they are the only buildings of this period that have survived intact and many of them are decorated with frescoes. About a hundred Macedonian tombs have been excavated in a relatively small geographical area and the majority of them are not widely known. Macedonian tombs present particularities in their hygrothermal status. Systematic monitoring and evaluation of the indoor climatic conditions has shown that the deterioration processes are mainly caused by cyclical changes of temperature and relative humidity when the monuments are exposed to the environment and the presence of visitors. Protection against future deterioration can only be assured through proper interventions to stabilize the indoor microclimate. Underground burial monuments have been the subject of research for at least 60 years, studies and proposals have been made to protect them, many of which have been implemented and are case study examples today, to draw valuable conclusions. What is important and remarkable is that all researchers on this subject worldwide agree that the protection of these monuments lies in the proper regulation of their indoor microclimatic conditions. This doctoral dissertation is a step towards raising awareness for the protection of Macedonian tombs and focuses on the issue of deterioration processes in their structural elements. The first part of this research deals with the understanding of the problem of damage to underground monuments and in particular the Macedonian tombs. Investigating the state of the enclosure created within the Macedonian tombs and understanding the effect of these particular microclimatic conditions on the processes of damaging the exposed walls of the tombs. Understanding the problem of deterioration of Macedonian tombs is attempted by the help of building physics. Then, a literature review is done about the “ideal” conditions for temperature and relative humidity set-points which are proposed by the international guidelines and standards for museum environments. This dissertation provides an evaluation methodology that is based on computer simulation, with which the decision making will be done having full understanding of the monument's behavior and the contribution of each individual factor to the deterioration processes. That way, decision making for strategic management and control of the microclimate in the tombs’ shelter will be based on the result of the evaluation, which can assess strategies using a simulation program. More precisely, through data collection, analysis, simulation and interpretation of the results, this research provides an assessment methodology of microclimate control strategies aiming to protect Macedonian tombs and proposes a framework for evaluation of the hygrothermal behavior of underground monuments that can simulate, evaluate and assist in management decisions, providing a view of the actual contribution of each microclimate selection. A methodology proposed that can be applied in all the Macedonian tombs: -First step is the investigation of the microclimatic conditions of the Macedonian tombs, with recordings in selected monuments, their evaluation and conclusions. To achieve this goal, three Macedonian tombs were selected which are very close geographically, at Pella and Agios Athanasios area. A specific recording methodology was followed, which lasted for at least three years. Thermo-hygrograph digital recorders with sensors were used. -Simulation in the computer and visualization of the deterioration processes using the simulation program WUFI©, based on the recordings. The simulation program provides data which, after analysis and interpretation, support the assessment the existing hygrothermal performance of the tombs’ structural elements. -Then, the same simulation program runs again to assess new control strategies, supposing a built shelter over the tomb, using as a museum. As input there are used the museum microclimate set-points for control classes proposed by the international guidelines and standards. These set-points are considered as the microclimate inside a hypothetical built shelter over the tomb. -Finally, the interpretation of the results lead to conclusions about the effect of the applied microclimate on the hygrothermal performance of the tomb and consequently, on the resulting deterioration processes. General principles are proposed that can be applied to similar monuments. This dissertation will contribute to the following aspects: -Raising awareness on the issue of the protection of the value of Macedonian tombs and promote the scientific research on their preservation issues. -Point out the sustainable approach to management and decision making for underground heritage structures. -Contribute to the standards, adding new parameters. -Contribute to the adaptation to climate change, according to the IPCC, that identifies four main categories of adaptation measures: technological, behavioral, managerial and policy. This study refers mainly to the managerial category, which includes monitoring and maintenance. -Finally, this dissertation deals with adaptation measures suggested by the UNESCO and by the ICOMOS that recommend increasing research, knowledge, education, engagement, the upgrading of management plans, including risk assessments and monitoring procedures to increase the resilience of the heritage sites.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document