Sex Allocation in Solitary Bees and Wasps

1995 ◽  
Vol 146 (2) ◽  
pp. 316-323 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven A. Frank
Bee World ◽  
1976 ◽  
Vol 57 (2) ◽  
pp. 57-63
Author(s):  
Christopher Andrewes

1986 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 287-296 ◽  
Author(s):  
OLE NÆSBYE LARSEN ◽  
GEORG GLEFFE ◽  
JAN TENGÖ

2018 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 152-154
Author(s):  
U AMALA ◽  
TIMLAPUR M. SHIVALINGASWAMY ◽  
M. PRATHEEPA ◽  
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Zootaxa ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 4609 (2) ◽  
pp. 201 ◽  
Author(s):  
CHRISTOPHER K. TAYLOR ◽  
MARK V. MURPHY ◽  
YVETTE HITCHEN ◽  
DENIS J. BROTHERS

Four species of velvet ants (Mutillidae) were reared from nests of solitary bees and wasps collected using trap nests in southwest Australia and identified using morphological and DNA barcoding approaches. All four species, Aglaotilla micra sp. nov., A. lathronymphos sp. nov., A. chalcea sp. nov. and A. schadophaga sp. nov., are described as new, the last three from both sexes. A. micra, A. lathronymphos and A. chalcea are parasitoids of wasps in the genera Pison and Aulacophilinus (Crabronidae), with A. chalcea also recorded from Paralastor (Vespidae). Aglaotilla schadophaga is a parasitoid of bees in the genus Megachile (Megachilidae). The biologies and known hosts of Australian Mutillidae are reviewed. Photographs are also provided of type material for Ephutomorpha aeneidorsis Turner, 1914 (=Aglaotilla discolor Brothers, 2018), Mutilla metallica Smith, 1855 and Ephutomorpha subelegans Rayment, 1933. The lectotype of E. subelegans is formally designated. 


Sociobiology ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 65 (4) ◽  
pp. 770 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heberson Martins ◽  
Patricia Rebouças ◽  
Vinina Ferreira

Sleep aggregations have been registered for some species of solitary bees and wasps. In this note we describe the aggregation behaviour of Centris xanthomelaena Moure & Castro bees in their inactive periods. The dormitories were discovered close to the bee nesting sites, in a Caatinga area. We monitored the males and females at the sleeping site for 16 consecutive days in July 2017. We observed that females of C. xanthomelaena spent the night outside their nests, indry branches of Mimosa tenuifl ora (Fabaceae). Furthermore, males and females have shared the dormitories, and sometimes they formed mixed ones. Both males and females fl ew around the nearest dormitories during all observation days. The data about the sleep behaviour of C. xanthomelaena will contribute to the understanding of these aspects within the Centris genus.


2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lovisa Nilsson ◽  
Björn K. Klatt ◽  
Henrik G. Smith

Ecological Focus Areas (EFAs) to benefit biodiversity became mandatory in intensively farmed landscapes after the reform of the European Common Agricultural Policy (CAP) in 2013. The implementation of EFAs as uncropped field margins has been criticized as ineffective but created a window of opportunity to test if augmenting them with annual flower strips can benefit biodiversity. In this study, we investigated if annual flower strips on EFAs benefited functional biodiversity in intensively farmed landscapes. To this end we established eleven annual flower strips with a seed mixture targeted for both natural enemies and pollinators, on areas were farmers had planned for EFAs. We determined effects on aphids and their natural enemies in cereal fields close to six of the flower strips, and for solitary bees and wasp close to and in the surroundings of all eleven flower strips. We found that annual flower strips benefited the abundance of hoverfly larvae and possibly also that of solitary bees. However, there were neither any significant effects on natural enemies (other than hoverfly larvae), nor any difference in natural pest control as shown by lack of differences in aphid numbers and parazitation rates. Abundances of solitary bees and wasps in the surrounding landscapes were unaffected, although there was a tendency for more solitary bee cells closer to the strips. We suggest that the critical issue leading to the mostly negative results is the lack of permanent structures to sustain populations of arthropods that in turn can benefit from annual flower strips. Hence, future agri-environmental policies need to carefully consider if and how annual agri-environmental measures should be implemented in intensively managed agricultural landscapes, e.g., by combining them with more permanent structures.


2015 ◽  
Vol 23 (6) ◽  
pp. 918-923 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mira C. Becker ◽  
Alexander Keller

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