Balanced Sex Ratios in Dimorphic Altricial Birds: The Contribution of Sex-Specific Growth Dynamics

1983 ◽  
Vol 121 (2) ◽  
pp. 158-171 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wayne Richter
Keyword(s):  
Specific Growth ◽  
Sex Ratios ◽  
Growth Dynamics ◽  
Altricial Birds

scholarly journals Characterization of the growth of Lactobacillus plantarum in milk in dependence on temperature

2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 104-108 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zuzana Matejčeková ◽  
Denisa Liptáková ◽  
Sabína Spodniaková ◽  
Ľubomír Valík
Keyword(s):  
Stationary Phase ◽  
Lactobacillus Plantarum ◽  
Specific Growth ◽  
Growth Dynamics ◽  
Exponential Phase ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Cultivation Temperature ◽  
Ph Values ◽  
Model Environment

AbstractThe effect of temperature on the growth dynamics ofLactobacillus plantarumin the model environment of UHT milk was investigated. Based on the experiments between temperatures ranged from 8 to 40 °C, growth dynamics of the studied isolate was positively determined by the cultivation temperature that led to increasing intensity of growth in the exponential phase (except for temperatures 38 and 40 °C). Final counts in stationary phase have reached concentrations about 107CFU · ml−1from initial 103CFU · ml−1, except for marginal 8 and 40 °C. Experimentally, it was found, that optimal temperature was close to 37 °C, where the fastest specific growth rate in an exponential phase was recorded (μ = 0.7683 h−1, td= 54 min) and the stationary phase was reached after 24 h of incubation. During the growth and multiplication ofLb. plantarum, no significant decrease of pH values in comparison to initial ones in dependence on temperature were determined (0.00—0.24 units).

scholarly journals Control of Specific Growth Rate in Fed-Batch Bioprocesses: Novel Controller Design for Improved Noise Management

Processes ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 679 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yann Brignoli ◽  
Brian Freeland ◽  
David Cunningham ◽  
Michal Dabros
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Specific Growth Rate ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Specific Growth ◽  
Controller Design ◽  
Control Variable ◽  
Biomass Concentration ◽  
Growth Dynamics ◽  
Fed Batch ◽  
Batch Cultures

Accurate control of the specific growth rate (µ) of microorganisms is dependent on the ability to quantify the evolution of biomass reliably in real time. Biomass concentration can be monitored online using various tools and methods, but the obtained signal is often very noisy and unstable, leading to inaccuracies in the estimation of μ. Furthermore, controlling the growth rate is challenging as the process evolves nonlinearly and is subject to unpredictable disturbances originating from the culture’s metabolism. In this work, a novel feedforward-feedback controller logic is presented to counter the problem of noise and oscillations in the control variable and to address the exponential growth dynamics more effectively. The controller was tested on fed-batch cultures of Kluyveromyces marxianus, during which μ was estimated in real time from online biomass concentration measurements obtained with dielectric spectroscopy. It is shown that the specific growth rate can be maintained at different setpoint values with an average root mean square control error of 23 ± 6%.

scholarly journals Effect of lactic acid on the growth dynamics of Candida maltosa YP1

2011 ◽  
Vol 21 (No. 2) ◽  
pp. 43-49 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Lauková ◽  
Ľ. Valík ◽  
F. Görner
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Specific Growth Rate ◽  
Acid Concentration ◽  
Specific Growth ◽  
Glucose Solution ◽  
Growth Dynamics ◽  
Lag Phase ◽  
Lactic Acid Concentration ◽  
Candida Maltosa

The growth dynamics of the oxidative imperfect yeast strain Candida maltosa YP1 isolated from the surface of fruit yoghurt was studied in relation to the lactic acid concentration ranging from 0 to 1.6% (w/v). The maximal specific growth rate of 0.36 h<sup>&ndash;1</sup> and minimal lag-phase duration of 2.9 h were found in the glucose solution without lactic acid at 25&deg;C. The decrease of the natural logarithm of both the specific growth rate (ln &micro;) and the lag-phase prolongation (ln ) in the dependence on the increase of lactic acid concentration (0&ndash;1.59%) was significantly linear (ln&nbsp;&micro; = &ndash;1.1458 &ndash; 0.6056 c; R<sup>2</sup><sub>(&micro;) </sub>= 0.9526; ln l = 1.0141 + 1.9766 c; R<sup>2</sup><sub>() </sub>= 0.9577). Based on these equations, the prediction of the time necessary for C. maltosa YP1 to reach 1 &times; 10<sup>6</sup> CFU/ml in the dependance on lactic acid concentration and, the initial density of the yeast culture was calculated. For example, C. maltosa YP1 was able to reach the level of 1 &times; 10<sup>6</sup> CFU/ml in a model glucose solution at the initial concentration N<sub>0</sub> = 1 CFU/ml, 0.9% lactic acid and 25&deg;C within 2 d. The growth predictions presented indicate a considerable resistance of C. maltosa YP1 to lactic acid in the concentration of up to 1.3% (w/v). &nbsp;

scholarly journals Fledgling sex ratios in relation to brood size in size-dimorphic altricial birds

1998 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 287-296 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cor Dijkstra ◽  
Serge Daan ◽  
Ido Pen
Keyword(s):  
Brood Size ◽  
Sex Ratios ◽  
Altricial Birds

Revealing the elemental-specific growth dynamics of Pt–Cu multipods by scanning transmission electron microscopy and chemical mapping

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (42) ◽  
pp. 21284-21289 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yingying Jiang ◽  
Ting Bian ◽  
Fang Lin ◽  
Hui Zhang ◽  
Chuanhong Jin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Transmission Electron Microscopy ◽  
Morphological Variation ◽  
Scanning Transmission Electron Microscopy ◽  
Specific Growth ◽  
Growth Dynamics ◽  
Chemical Mapping ◽  
Scanning Transmission Electron ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Scanning Transmission

An element-specific growth trajectory of Pt–Cu multipod nanostructures with compositional and morphological variation was revealed by HAADF-STEM and EDS mapping.

Cristal-growth dynamics of n-doped gaAs

1992 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
pp. 1544-1545
Author(s):  
Pham V. Huong ◽  
Stéphanie Bouchet ◽  
Jean-Claude Launay
Keyword(s):  
Crystal Growth ◽  
Spatial Resolution ◽  
Epitaxial Layer ◽  
Outer Surface ◽  
Gaas Substrate ◽  
Structural Modification ◽  
Growth Dynamics ◽  
Argon Laser ◽  
High Anisotropy ◽  
Crystal Gaas

Microstructure of epitaxial layers of doped GaAs and its crystal growth dynamics on single crystal GaAs substrate were studied by Raman microspectroscopy with a Dilor OMARS instrument equipped with a 1024 photodiode multichannel detector and a ion-argon laser Spectra-Physics emitting at 514.5 nm.The spatial resolution of this technique, less than 1 μm2, allows the recording of Raman spectra at several spots in function of thickness, from the substrate to the outer deposit, including areas around the interface (Fig.l).The high anisotropy of the LO and TO Raman bands is indicative of the orientation of the epitaxial layer as well as of the structural modification in the deposit and in the substrate at the interface.With Sn doped, the epitaxial layer also presents plasmon in Raman scattering. This fact is already very well known, but we additionally observed that its frequency increases with the thickness of the deposit. For a sample with electron density 1020 cm-3, the plasmon L+ appears at 930 and 790 cm-1 near the outer surface.

Contrasting whisker growth dynamics within the phocid lineage

2020 ◽  
Vol 634 ◽  
pp. 231-236 ◽  
Author(s):  
EA McHuron ◽  
T Williams ◽  
DP Costa ◽  
C Reichmuth
Keyword(s):  
Whisker Growth ◽  
Growth Dynamics
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