Segregation Distortion and Male Recombination in Natural Populations of Drosophila melanogaster

1980 ◽  
Vol 116 (2) ◽  
pp. 297-304 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. C. Woodruff ◽  
R. F. Lyman
Keyword(s):  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
Segregation Distortion ◽  
Natural Populations ◽  
Male Recombination

scholarly journals Characterization of natural populations of Drosophila melanogaster with regard to the hobo system: a new hypothesis on the invasion

1997 ◽  
Vol 69 (3) ◽  
pp. 197-208 ◽  
Author(s):  
ERIC BONNIVARD ◽  
DOMINIQUE HIGUET ◽  
CLAUDE BAZIN
Keyword(s):  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
Reference Strain ◽  
Natural Populations ◽  
Hybrid Dysgenesis ◽  
Molecular Characteristics ◽  
Male Recombination ◽  
System A ◽  
Genetic Level ◽  
New Hypothesis

Until now, with regard to the hobo system of hybrid dysgenesis, natural populations of Drosophila melanogaster have been investigated using only two criteria: at the molecular level, the presence or absence of XhoI fragments 2·6 kb long or smaller; and/or at the genetic level, the ability to induce gonadal dysgenesis sterility in crosses A (females of an E reference strain crossed with males under test) and A* (females under test crossed with males of an H reference strain). Recently, analyses of laboratory strains using these criteria as well as the mobilization of two reporter genes, the male recombination and the number of ‘TPE’ repeats in the S region, revealed a lack of correlation between the different dysgenic parameters themselves, and also between these parameters and the molecular characteristics of the strains. Thirteen current strains derived from world populations were therefore investigated with regard to all these dysgenic traits, to determine discriminating criteria providing a robust method of classifying natural populations and deducing the dynamics of hobo elements in these populations. We show, as in laboratory strains, a lack of correlation between the parameters studied. Therefore, the significance of each of them as well as the nature of hobo hybrid dysgenesis are discussed, to propose an analysis method of the hobo system applicable to natural populations. According to the geographical distribution of hobo activities in world populations and to the variable polymorphism of the number of ‘TPE’ repeats, we propose a new scenario for the invasion of D. melanogaster by hobo elements.

scholarly journals A factor on a wild third chromosome (IIIRa) that modifies the Segregation Distortion phenomenon in Drosophila melanogaster

1975 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 113-125 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Trippa ◽  
A. Loverre
Keyword(s):  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
Natural Population ◽  
Segregation Distortion ◽  
Southern Italy ◽  
Genetic Modifier ◽  
Natural Populations ◽  
Dominant Effect ◽  
Chromosome Iii ◽  
Very High

SUMMARYIIIRa is a genetic modifier of Segregation Distortion (SD) in Drosophila melanogaster, which was discovered in the same natural population from Ranna (Sicily) that carried SDRa. It is located at 49·7 ± 0·8 on chromosome III. IIIRa was found to have a dominant effect on segregation distortion which varied with the origin of the SD chromosome tested. Thus it enhanced the level of distortion caused by 14 SD chromosomes from seven natural populations in Southern Italy and Sicily, but decreased the level of distortion caused by SDR−1, a chromosome from a natural population near Rome. Moreover, IIIRa determined or enhanced the distorting effect of SDRa in males heterozygous for SDRa and various SD+ wild chromosomes differently sensitive to SDRa. The frequency of chromosomes having an effect like IIIRa chromosome was very high (around 70%) in samples from two natural populations of Southern Italy tested-those of Ranna and Corato. No effects of IIIRa other than its ability to modify SD have been detected.

scholarly journals EVIDENCE FOR NEWLY INDUCED GENETIC ACTIVITY RESPONSIBLE FOR MALE RECOMBINATION INDUCTION IN DROSOPHILA MELANOGASTER

Genetics ◽  
1978 ◽  
Vol 90 (1) ◽  
pp. 105-124
Author(s):  
Barton E Slatko
Keyword(s):  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
Major Element ◽  
Centromeric Region ◽  
Natural Populations ◽  
Recombination Activity ◽  
Male Recombination ◽  
High Frequencies ◽  
Genetic Activity

ABSTRACT The T-007 second chromosomal line of Drosophila melanogaster, previously shown to contain a major element, Mr, responsible for male recombination induction, also contains the genetic capability to induce male recombination activity into (nonhomologous) third chromosomes. This newly induced male recombination activity maps to the centromeric region of two third-chromosome lines that were subjected to mapping experiments. The ability of these third chromosome lines to induce male recombination accounts for previous observations concerning the ability of Mr  + genotypes (derived from Mr/Mr  + heterozygous females) to induce male recombination for only a few generations, when only second chromosomes were selected and backcrossed. The occurrence of this effect, and a similar effect induced in the homologue of T-007, suggests a possible explanation of how natural populations of D. melanogaster have come to contain such high frequencies of these "male recombination" second and third chromosomes, despite their numerous deleterious effects.

scholarly journals HYBRID DYSGENESIS IN DROSOPHILA MELANOGASTER: A SYNDROME OF ABERRANT TRAITS INCLUDING MUTATION, STERILITY AND MALE RECOMBINATION

Genetics ◽  
1977 ◽  
Vol 86 (4) ◽  
pp. 813-833 ◽  
Author(s):  
Margaret G Kidwell ◽  
James F Kidwell ◽  
John A Sved
Keyword(s):  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
Natural Populations ◽  
The United States ◽  
Hybrid Dysgenesis ◽  
Transmission Ratio Distortion ◽  
F1 Hybrids ◽  
Male Recombination ◽  
Maternal Contribution ◽  
Ratio Distortion ◽  
P Type

ABSTRACT A syndrome of associated aberrant traits is described in Drosophila melanogaster. Six of these traits, mutation, sterility, male recombination, transmission ratio distortion, chromosomal aberrations and local increases in female recombination, have previously been reported. A seventh trait, nondisjunction, is described for the first time. All of the traits we have examined are found nonreciprocally in F1 hybrids. We present evidence that at least four of the traits are not found in nonhybrids. Therefore we have proposed the name hybrid dysgenesis to describe this syndrome.—A partition of tested strains into two types, designated P and M, was made according to the paternal or maternal contribution required to produce hybrid dysgenesis. This classification seems to hold for crosses of strains from within the United States and Australia, as well as for crosses between strains from the two countries. Strains collected recently from natural populations are typically of the P type and those having a long laboratory history are generally of the M type. However, a group of six strains collected from the wild in the 1960's are unambiguously divided equally between the P and M types. The dichotomy of this latter group raises interesting questions concerning possible implications for speciation.—Temperature often has a critical effect on the manifestation of hybrid dysgenesis. High F1 developmental temperatures tend to increase the expression of sterility, sometimes to extreme levels. Conversely, low developmental temperatures tend to inhibit the expression of some dysgenic traits.—There are potentially important practical implications of hybrid dysgenesis for laboratory experimentation. The results suggest that care should be exercised in planning experiments involving strain crosses.

scholarly journals Hybrid dysgenesis in natural populations of Drosophila melanogaster in Japan. II. Strains which cannot induce P-M dysgenesis may completely suppress functional P element activity

1987 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
pp. 105-111 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nobuko Hagiwara ◽  
Etsuko Nakamura ◽  
Etsuko T. Matsuura ◽  
Sadao I. Chigusa
Keyword(s):  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
Natural Populations ◽  
Hybrid Dysgenesis ◽  
P Element ◽  
Strict Sense ◽  
Secondary Mutation ◽  
Wild Populations ◽  
Isofemale Lines ◽  
Male Recombination ◽  
Element Activity

SummaryMany inbred and isofemale lines derived from wild populations of Drosophila melanogaster were tested for gonadal dysgenic sterility, male recombination and snw secondary mutation. Among them, we have found strains whose dysgenic offspring show negligible sterility, and undetectable male recombination and snw mutation. They can be considered to be neutral strains in the strict sense. Such neutral strains appear to carry only defective P elements in their genomes. Taking the observations of Karess & Rubin (1984) into account, it is suggested that some defective P elements retain the function necessary for P cytotype. Cytotype determination mechanisms are discussed.

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