scholarly journals The Blind Cave Fishes and Their Allies

1882 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. A. Forbes
Keyword(s):  
Blind Cave ◽  
Cave Fishes

scholarly journals eDNA metabarcoding as a means to assess distribution of subterranean fish communities: Iranian blind cave fishes as a case study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iraj Hashemzadeh Segherloo ◽  
Seyedeh Narjes Tabatabaei ◽  
Eisa Abdolahi‐Mousavi ◽  
Cecilia Hernandez ◽  
Eric Normandeau ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fish Communities ◽  
Blind Cave ◽  
Cave Fishes

scholarly journals Multiple transgressions and slow evolution shape the phylogeographic pattern of the blind cave-dwelling shrimp Typhlocaris

PeerJ ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. e5268 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tamar Guy-Haim ◽  
Noa Simon-Blecher ◽  
Amos Frumkin ◽  
Israel Naaman ◽  
Yair Achituv
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Evolution ◽  
Mediterranean Sea ◽  
Divergence Time ◽  
Evolutionary Rates ◽  
Radiometric Dating ◽  
Small Range ◽  
Biogeographic Patterns ◽  
Blind Cave ◽  
The Mediterranean ◽  
Slow Evolution

Background Aquatic subterranean species often exhibit disjunct distributions, with high level of endemism and small range, shaped by vicariance, limited dispersal, and evolutionary rates. We studied the disjunct biogeographic patterns of an endangered blind cave shrimp, Typhlocaris, and identified the geological and evolutionary processes that have shaped its divergence pattern. Methods We collected Typlocaris specimens of three species (T. galilea, T. ayyaloni, and T. salentina), originating from subterranean groundwater caves by the Mediterranean Sea, and used three mitochondrial genes (12S, 16S, cytochrome oxygnese subunit 1 (COI)) and four nuclear genes (18S, 28S, internal transcribed spacer, Histon 3) to infer their phylogenetic relationships. Using the radiometric dating of a geological formation (Bira) as a calibration node, we estimated the divergence times of the Typhlocaris species and the molecular evolution rates. Results The multi-locus ML/Bayesian trees of the concatenated seven gene sequences showed that T. salentina (Italy) and T. ayyaloni (Israel) are sister species, both sister to T. galilea (Israel). The divergence time of T. ayyaloni and T. salentina from T. galilea was 7.0 Ma based on Bira calibration. The divergence time of T. ayyaloni from T. salentina was 5.7 (4.4–6.9) Ma according to COI, and 5.8 (3.5–7.2) Ma according to 16S. The computed interspecific evolutionary rates were 0.0077 substitutions/Myr for COI, and 0.0046 substitutions/Myr for 16S. Discussion Two consecutive vicariant events have shaped the phylogeographic patterns of Typhlocaris species. First, T. galilea was tectonically isolated from its siblings in the Mediterranean Sea by the arching uplift of the central mountain range of Israel ca. seven Ma. Secondly, T. ayyaloni and T. salentina were stranded and separated by a marine transgression ca. six Ma, occurring just before the Messinian Salinity Crisis. Our estimated molecular evolution rates were in one order of magnitude lower than the rates of closely related crustaceans, as well as of other stygobiont species. We suggest that this slow evolution reflects the ecological conditions prevailing in the highly isolated subterranean water bodies inhabited by Typhlocaris.

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