On the Characteristics of the Primary Groups of the Class of Mammals

1871 ◽  
Vol 5 (8/9) ◽  
pp. 526-533 ◽  
Author(s):  
Theodore Gill
Keyword(s):  
Primary Groups

Primary Group Interaction of Residents in a Retirement Hotel

1975 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 309-320 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gary D. Hampe ◽  
Audie L. Blevins
Keyword(s):  
Group Interaction ◽  
Adult Child ◽  
Primary Group ◽  
Interaction Patterns ◽  
Housing Satisfaction ◽  
Apartment Complex ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Primary Groups

The interaction patterns of sixty-three residents age 55 and over living in a retirement hotel for three types of primary groups-kin, friends, and neighbors-were studied. Almost all residents voiced high housing satisfaction and were involved to various degrees in their primary group network. The relative with whom visited the most, usually the adult child, influences the primary group interaction the most, but at the same time may contribute to feelings of uselessness on the part of the retired residents of the apartment complex.

scholarly journals ‘As parents congregated at parties’: Responsibility and blame in media representations of violence and school closure in an Indigenous community

2017 ◽  
Vol 53 (3) ◽  
pp. 592-606
Author(s):  
Clarissa Carden
Keyword(s):  
Young People ◽  
Print Media ◽  
Indigenous Community ◽  
School Closure ◽  
Media Representations ◽  
Media Discourse ◽  
School Teachers ◽  
Remote Indigenous Community ◽  
Primary Groups ◽  
The Way

This article considers the discourses of responsibility and blame emerging from newspaper reportage of a crisis in the remote Indigenous community of Aurukun in Northern Queensland, Australia. In doing so, it aims to contribute to the sociology of racism and add to the existing body of scholarship on the ways in which deracialised media discourse can nevertheless be racist. The month of May 2016 saw violence perpetrated by young people against the teachers and principal of the community’s only school. Teachers were evacuated to the regional city of Cairns on 10 May due to violence in the community and fears for their safety. They returned on 18 May, only to be evacuated again on 25 May. These events form the focus of the reportage analysed in this article. The way in which three primary groups of players – parents, teachers and police – are portrayed in mainstream print media is analysed in order to ascertain how responsibility and blame are apportioned in relation to these events.

Skull Base Factors in Relation to Hearing Impairment in Cleft Palate Children

2000 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 166-171 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Carrie ◽  
A. Sprigg ◽  
A.J. Parker
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Cleft Palate ◽  
Poor Quality ◽  
Normal Hearing ◽  
Outpatient Clinics ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Otologic Surgery ◽  
Soft Tissue Neck ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Primary Groups

Objective This investigation was performed to determine if an easily measurable, reproducible, bony parameter could be identified that might predict hearing loss in cleft palate children. Subjects In this prospective study performed at the Sheffield Children's Hospital (U.K.), 34 children with successfully repaired cleft palate who responded to a postal request for volunteers were assessed clinically, audiologically, and by lateral soft tissue neck radiography. Six children were excluded because of previous otologic surgery or poor quality radiographs. Twenty-six children who had the same series of investigations were randomly selected from routine otolaryngological outpatient clinics and acted as controls. Methods The sphenopalatine angle (SPA), which relates the facial and cranial components of the skull, was measured on each child's radiograph. Results The median SPA in the cleft palate group was significantly greater than in the control group (p = 0.01). In those cleft palate children with a hearing loss the sphenopalatine angle was smaller than in their normal hearing counterparts (p = 0.01). No significant difference was found in the SPA between the hearing loss and normal hearing controls. There was no significant difference in age ranges between the hearing and hearing loss subgroups in each of the two primary groups. Conclusions In this study, those cleft palate children with a smaller SPA have a greater incidence of hearing loss.

scholarly journals Incidence of epulides in the dog: A retrospective histopathological study

2004 ◽  
Vol 58 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 113-119
Author(s):  
Ivan Dinev ◽  
I. Borissov ◽  
D. Dimov
Keyword(s):  
Veterinary Medicine ◽  
Histopathological Study ◽  
Odontogenic Tumours ◽  
Primary Groups

The retrospective histopathological study of 468 samples of tumour material obtained from dogs, referred to the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Trakia University, Stara Zagora during the period 1991-2000 showed that 29 specimens (6.19%) were epulides. According to their histogenesis, the lesions were classified in two primary groups: reactive lesions ? 37.94% and peripheral odontogenic tumours ? 62.06%. Epulides were most commonly encountered in males (68.96%) compared to females (31.04%). The average age of affected dogs was 4 years for both genders. In 18 cases (62.06%), the lesions were mandibular whereas in 11 (37.94%) ? maxillar. The highest predilection to epulides was observed in German Shepherds ? 27.58%.

scholarly journals Aproximación al fracaso escolar de alumnado en desventaja desde el análisis crítico del discurso

2019 ◽  
Vol 27 ◽  
pp. 49
Author(s):  
Ignacio Calderón Almendros ◽  
Olga Cruz Moya ◽  
María Teresa Rascón Gómez
Keyword(s):  
Discourse Analysis ◽  
Critical Discourse Analysis ◽  
Academic Failure ◽  
Qualitative Approach ◽  
Critical Discourse ◽  
Educational Institutions ◽  
Social Actors ◽  
Linguistic Strategies ◽  
Semiotic Perspective ◽  
Primary Groups

This article arises from a biographical qualitative approach with students in situation of socio-cultural disadvantage who suffer academic failure. Its aim is to explore the language used by these children from the perspective of critical discourse analysis, as well as to analyze the linguistic strategies chosen in representing social actors and actions, and linguistic-discursive features. In addition, speakers create a more strengthened discourse of their own group from a semiotic perspective, as opposed to the hierarchy and depersonalization in their relationships with the educational institutions. The distance between the language of school requests and the language they use within their primary groups favors failure and isolation.

环境因素对建立关系和宗教身份的影响∶中国研究生在美国两个社会文化环境中的个案分析

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 32-58
Author(s):  
Cynthia Baiqing Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Religious Identity ◽  
Network Formation ◽  
Human Agency ◽  
The United States ◽  
Multiple Relationships ◽  
Religious Groups ◽  
Network Ties ◽  
Religious Identities ◽  
Chinese Graduate Students ◽  
Primary Groups

Linking concepts from networks, identities, and ecology, I draw on material collected during sixty interviews to show how a group of culturally homogeneous Chinese graduate students, when placed in two sociocultural environments in the United States, displayed different processes of religious identity network formation. In a large and heterogeneous community with more possible identities, students showed human agency by forming religious identities less constrained by networks. Human agency is also exemplified in the expansion of their religious circle of friends once they developed a religious identity. Religious identity often preceded networks. However, in a small and homogeneous community, students did emotion work to stay in pro-religious groups, presumably due to the limitations they had in choosing friends, particularly Chinese friends. The formation of networks more likely preceded the emergence of religious identities premised on the coexistence of multiple relationships in dyads and solidarity within primary groups. The narratives demonstrate how ecology matters for the formation of network ties and religious identity. 根据对60个对硕士博士研究生的采访，通过运用网络分析、身份研究、和环境研究领域的概念，本文详述同属一个文化的中国留学生当处于美国两个不同城市文化环境中时，通过生活圈子发展特定身份的不同过程。在一个大型、充满差异的城市里，留学生的身份选择具有多样性。其主体性表现在自主选择宗教认同并扩大有宗教信仰的朋友圈子。他们的宗教认同常常先于他们的宗教朋友圈。而在一个小型、倡导同化的城市里，由于可选择的中国朋友人数少，留学生常常通过控制自我感情来维系与亲宗教的朋友的关系。他们的宗教网络常常先于他们的宗教认同。在这种环境中，当两人有多重社会关系，并处于一个高度团结的小群体中时，宗教认同才得以传播。本研究显示社区规模和文化是重要的影响身份和社会网络的环境因素。 (This article is in English.)

Family, Friends and Neighbors: The Role of Primary Groups in Preventing the Misuse of Drugs

1989 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 261-281 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barbara Lynn Kail ◽  
Eugene Litwak
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Health Care Providers ◽  
Theoretical Framework ◽  
Prescription Medicine ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Minority Woman ◽  
Term Basis ◽  
Primary Groups

Primary groups such as relatives, neighbors and friends are a source of support that health care providers overlook. We present a theoretical framework which suggests primary groups can help prevent the misuse of prescription medicine. Kin are especially helpful in assisting elderly to take medications on a long-term basis where the regimens are fairly simple. It may also be especially important to engage kin in helping the older minority woman to understand the doctor. Even at a distance, kin may be able to provide such assistance and should not be discounted as a resource. Neighbors can be helpful in getting a medicine needed unexpectedly and might assist with relatively complex routines that last for only a brief period. Friends who have had similar experiences are especially helpful when the medicine is prescribed on an as needed basis by teaching the client how to judge when a dose is needed.

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