The Medical Mandarins: The French Academy of Medicine in the Nineteenth and Early Twentieth Centuries. George Weisz

1996 ◽  
Vol 68 (4) ◽  
pp. 998-999
Author(s):  
Toby Gelfand
Keyword(s):  
French Academy

“Bartók always called me Latin”: The Influence of Béla Bartók on László Lajtha's life and art

2007 ◽  
Vol 48 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 215-223 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emőke Tari Solymosi
Keyword(s):  
Folk Music ◽  
Film Music ◽  
Hungarian Academy ◽  
Compositional Style ◽  
Bela Bartok ◽  
Mutual Respect ◽  
French Academy ◽  
Latin Culture

Abstract Bartók's influence on his outstanding Hungarian contemporary, László Lajtha (1892–1963) remains as yet largely unresearched. Lajtha studied with Bartók at the Royal Hungarian Academy of Music and went on to become a composer, folk music researcher, versatile teacher, international cultural ambassador, and member of the French Academy. The two men's friendship and mutual respect lasted throughout Bartók's life. Among the leading musicians of the time, it was Bartók who first expressed his high opinion of the younger composer's talent. Bartók's influence can be observed in almost every field of Lajtha's work. For example, it was Bartók who recommended that Lajtha choose Paris as the place to complete his studies, which fostered in turn Lajtha's orientation toward Latin culture. Following in Bartók's footsteps, Lajtha became one of the greatest folk music collectors and researchers in Hungary, and this music also exerted a significant effect on his compositional style. Bartók recommended that the director Georg Hoellering commission Lajtha to write film music, which became an important new genre for the latter. A large number of documents — especially the unpublished letters from László Lajtha to John S. Weissmann, one of his former students — offer proof that Bartók's inspiration and practical assistance were of paramount importance to the development of Lajtha's career, oeuvre, and aesthetics.

Prescribing French: A corpus-linguistic approach to official terminology in French newspapers

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-24
Author(s):  
Gyula Zsombok
Keyword(s):  
Computer Science ◽  
Negative Influence ◽  
Written Language ◽  
Entertainment Industry ◽  
Dynamic Approach ◽  
French Academy ◽  
Corpus Linguistic ◽  
Linguistic Approach ◽  
Lexical Fields ◽  
Do So

ABSTRACT In France, English is often perceived as a negative influence on the language in the eyes of purist institutions like the French Academy. Terminological commissions have been established to replace foreign expressions with French terminology that is regularly published in the Journal officiel de la République française. Although the Toubon Law of 1994 prescribes the use of this terminology in government publications, speakers are merely encouraged to do so. This article investigates the variation between English lexical borrowings and their prescribed equivalents in a large newspaper corpus containing articles from 2000 to 2017 in order to see whether formal written language complies with the purist recommendations. Time is treated with a new dynamic approach: the probability of using a prescribed term is estimated three years before and three years after official prescription. Fifty-four target terms are selected from the lexical fields of computer science, entertainment industry and telecommunication, including emblematic prescribed words such as courriel and mot-dièse. The analysis reveals that prescription is only effective when it follows already attested use. Furthermore, conservative newspapers show higher proportions of recommended terminology, especially as compared to newspapers specializing in technology.

XXIII. On the water-barometer erected in the hall of the Royal Society

1832 ◽  
Vol 122 ◽  
pp. 539-574 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Royal Society ◽  
Physical Science ◽  
The Other ◽  
Metallic Tube ◽  
French Academy ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Common ◽  
Academy Of Sciences ◽  
Made In

I have for some time entertained an opinion, in common with some others who have turned their attention tot he subject, that a good series of observations with a Water-Barometer, accurately constructed, might throw some light upon several important points of physical science: amongst others, upon the tides of the atmosphere; the horary oscillations of the counterpoising column; the ascending and descending rate of its greater oscillations; and the tension of vapour at different atmospheric temperatures. I have sought in vain in various scientific works, and in the Transactions of Philosophical Societies, for the record of any such observations, or for a description of an instrument calculated to afford the required information with anything approaching to precision. In the first volume of the History of the French Academy of Sciences, a cursory reference is made, in the following words, to some experiments of M. Mariotte upon the subject, of which no particulars appear to have been preserved. “Le même M. Mariotte fit aussi à l’observatoire des experiences sur le baromètre ordinaire à mercure comparé au baromètre à eau. Dans l’un le mercure s’eléva à 28 polices, et dans Fautre l’eau fut a 31 pieds Cequi donne le rapport du mercure à l’eau de 13½ à 1.” Histoire de I'Acadérmie, tom. i. p. 234. It also appears that Otto Guricke constructed a philosophical toy for the amusement of himself and friends, upon the principle of the water-barometer; but the column of water probably in this, as in all the other instances which I have met with, was raised by the imperfect rarefaction of the air in the tube above it, or by filling with water a metallic tube, of sufficient length, cemented to a glass one at its upper extremity, and fitted with a stop-cock at each end; so that when full the upper one might be closed and the lower opened, when the water would fall till it afforded an equipoise to the pressure of the atmo­sphere. The imperfections of such an instrument, it is quite clear, would render it totally unfit for the delicate investigations required in the present state of science; as, to render the observations of any value, it is absolutely necessary that the water should be thoroughly purged of air, by boiling, and its insinuation or reabsorption effectually guarded against. I was convinced that the only chance of securing these two necessary ends, was to form the whole length of tube of one piece of glass, and to boil the water in it, as is done with mercury in the common barometer. The practical difficulties which opposed themselves to such a construction long appeared to me insurmount­able; but I at length contrived a plan for the purpose, which, having been honoured with the approval of the late Meteorological Committee of this Society, was ordered to be carried into execution by the President and Council.

The Excavations at Dura-Europos, conducted by Yale University and the French Academy of Inscriptions and Letters

1930 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 318
Author(s):  
Harold N. Fowler ◽  
P. V. C. Baur ◽  
M. I. Rostovtzeff ◽  
James R. Angell
Keyword(s):  
Yale University ◽  
French Academy

scholarly journals The Le Corbusier Scandal, or, was Le Corbusier a Fascist?

Fascism ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 196-227 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simone Brott
Keyword(s):  
Architectural History ◽  
Le Corbusier ◽  
French Academy

In 2015 an essay by the architect Marc Perelman was printed in Le Monde claiming Le Corbusier was a fascist and that the French academy had whitewashed this from architectural history. The 2015 exhibition Le Corbusier: Mesures de l’homme, a major retrospective of the architect, held at the Centre Pompidou was adduced as evidence since it did not mention Le Corbusier’s politics, despite three French books on Le Corbusier’s fascism appearing in 2015, and the scandal that erupted around them. The letter was signed by myself, Zeev Sternhell, Xavier de Jarcy, Marc Perelman, and Daniel de Roulet; and reprinted in English by Verso in January 2017. The Fondation le Corbusier, who are unhappy with this turn of events, wrote to me asking me why I signed the letter. This essay will attempt to answer the question by evaluating the French quarrel, on both sides, and allegations about Le Corbusier’s fascism.

scholarly journals Linguistic culture and politics in France

enadakultura ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natalia Revishvili
Keyword(s):  
French Revolution ◽  
French Language ◽  
National Politics ◽  
The Public ◽  
French Academy ◽  
Long Period ◽  
The Status ◽  
Classical Language ◽  
High Level ◽  
Public Instruction

The rise of the French national politics was taking place simultaneously with the rise of the French power and territories in Europe. The first evidence of the emergence of the French language distinguished from Latin is the text of the ‘’French’’ version of the 842-nd Strasbourg Oath. France is an example of how ideas and myths about a language become ideologies and how it forms a part of a language policy, along with language planning and language practices.The French language was being established over a long period of time. From the 17th century onwards, increasing attention was paid to this issue. It is especially interesting to establish a high level of French spelling, the expression of good spelling in the French language has become an object of social values. On October 19 and 20, 1794, the Public Instruction Committee introduced a new project to teach French to all. French became the language of writing before it set foot in education.The 17-th and 18-th centuries became a period of legalization of the French language. The greatest philosophers and writers of this time legalized the French language in poetry and fiction. At the same time, it became the language of scientific writing. French gained the status of the most brilliant language in Europe over the last two centuries through the French Academy and the French Revolution. It was a new ‘’classical“ language.

scholarly journals Ivan Djaja (Jean Giaja) and the Belgrade School of Physiology

2011 ◽  
pp. S1-S13 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. R. ANDJUS ◽  
S. S. STOJILKOVIC ◽  
G. CVIJIC
Keyword(s):  
Associate Member ◽  
The Balkans ◽  
French Academy ◽  
Seminal Work ◽  
National Medical ◽  
Medical Academy ◽  
The University ◽  
Academy Of Sciences ◽  
Alexander Fleming

The founder of physiology studies in the Balkans and the pioneer of research on hypothermia, Ivan Djaja (Jean Giaja) was born 1884 in L’Havre. Giaja gained his PhD at the Sorbonne in 1909. In 1910 he established the first Chair of Physiology in the Balkans and organized the first Serbian Institute for Physiology at the School of Philosophy of the University of Belgrade. He led this Institute for more than 40 subsequent years. His most notable papers were in the field of thermoregulation and bioenergetics. Djaja became member of the Serbian and Croatian academies of science and doctor honoris causa of Sorbonne. In 1952 for the seminal work on the behavior of deep cooled warm blooded animals he became associate member of the National Medical Academy in Paris. In 1955 the French Academy of Sciences elected him as associate member in place of deceased Sir Alexander Fleming. Djaja died in 1957 during a congress held in his honor. He left more than 200 scientific and other papers and the golden DaVincian credo “Nulla dies sine experimento”. His legacy was continued by several generations of researchers, the most prominent among them being Stefan Gelineo, Radoslav Andjus and Vojislav Petrović.

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