Social and Psychological Factors in Opiate Addiction: A Review of Research Findings Together with an Annotated Bibliography.Alan S. Meyer

1953 ◽  
Vol 58 (6) ◽  
pp. 615-616
Author(s):  
Howard S. Becker
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Factors ◽  
Opiate Addiction ◽  
Research Findings

scholarly journals Impact of Religious Self-Identification and Church Attendance on Social Distance toward Muslims

Religions ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 276
Author(s):  
Krunoslav Malenica ◽  
Vlaho Kovačević ◽  
Goran Kardum
Keyword(s):  
Bosnia And Herzegovina ◽  
Social Distance ◽  
Psychological Factors ◽  
Church Attendance ◽  
Social Functions ◽  
Religious Context ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
The University ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The City

In the context of our work, we want to point out how religion has multiple social functions and as such, under certain circumstances, can serve as a fertile soil for distance and closeness. The aim of this study was to explore the impact of religious self-identification and church attendance on social distance toward Muslims. We applied a questionnaire to students of the University of Split, the city which is geographically in vicinity of the complex of ethnic and religious context of Bosnia and Herzegovina. The results showed that religious self-identification and church attendance significantly influence the level of social distance toward Muslims. Believers showed a significantly higher level of social distance, in comparison to respondents who belong but not believe, and others. Respondents who attend church daily or once a week have also a higher level of social distance in comparison to respondents who attend church monthly or rarely and those who never attend church. We have tried to explain the reasons for such research findings, relying on various national, cultural, religious and psychological factors that have been present in the last twenty years after the war in this region.

scholarly journals A Field Research to Identify Psychological Factors Influencing the Debt Repayment Behavior in Turkey

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 26-33
Author(s):  
Mehtap Özşahin ◽  
Senay Yürür ◽  
Erman Coşkun
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Locus Of Control ◽  
Research Methodology ◽  
Psychological Factors ◽  
Research Question ◽  
Field Research ◽  
Personality Characteristics ◽  
Psychological Determinants ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
Debt Repayment

This research aims to exploratively search relevant psychological determinants for debt repayment behavior. In this regard, the research question is: Which psychological factors affect the debt repayment behavior? Some research in literature argue that the socio-economic factors alone may not be sufficient to explain debt and repayment behavior, and some other factors should be also utilized. This study will focus on psychological factors consisting of personality and attitudes. To the our best knowledge, in Turkey there is very limited amount of research conducted in this area and as one of the highest individual credit using countries it is essential to use psychological factors in credit risk evaluation processes. Thus, this research, examines effects of personality characteristics and attitude on debt repayment behavior in the context of Turkish culture, and is expected to fill a gap and to contribute to both national and international literatures. The study utilizes qualitative research methodology to explore psychological determinants and their effects on debt repayment behavior. In depth interview research methodology has been used to explore the personality characteristics and attitude influencing debt repayment behavior.  The research findings revealed that, the responsibility, long term orientation, sanction fear, sense of collectivism, rational decision making and risk aversion are main characteristics of regular payers, while external locus of control, irresponsibility, short term orientation,  irrational decision making, emotional imbalance are common characteristics of irregular payers. So, according to findings, , conscientious, time orientation, sanction fear, sense of collectivism, locus of control and decision making style can be enlisted as primary personal and attitudinal factors explaining the repayment behavior.

Vnímanie digitálneho influencera na Instagrame a jeho dopad na nákupné správanie

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 31-41
Author(s):  
Dominika Relovska ◽  
Edita Strbova
Keyword(s):  
Social Network ◽  
Social Marketing ◽  
Psychological Factors ◽  
Methodological Approach ◽  
Shopping Behavior ◽  
The Social ◽  
Marketing Activities ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
Perceived Impact ◽  
The Way

The aim of the presented paper is to characterize the way of perception of digital influencers by users of the social network Instagram. Through a quantitative methodological approach, we identify the motives leading to the following of influencers and the perceived impact on the shopping behavior of Instagram users in terms of cultural, social, personal and psychological factors, as well as in terms of specific products. We also characterize the way followers perceive the marketing activities of influencers. In this paper, we discuss the penetration of research findings in the field of social marketing and increasing the level of critical thinking and engagement of today's young consumers.

scholarly journals Psychological Factors Affecting EFL Students’ Speaking Performance

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ariyanti Ariyanti
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Factors ◽  
Mother Tongue ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Natural Phenomenon ◽  
Natural Setting ◽  
Oral Performance ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Psychological Barriers ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
Speaking Performance

Speaking has become one of important skills in learning a language especially English. Particularly, to speak in English for EFL student is not easy and need much effort to produce acceptable utterances in English. This article is aimed to investigate psychological barriers faced by Indonesian students which affect their speaking performance. Moreover, as this research is a qualitative study, direct observation is done to capture all of phenomenon happened in the speaking class in natural setting. In addition, interview is also conducted by the researcher to know what psychological factors influence their oral performance in the class. The research findings from observation and interview show that the students tend to feel anxious when performing their speaking because they are afraid of making mistakes. The feeling of fear of making mistakes, somehow related to the students’ lack of self-esteem in using English so that they often combine their speaking with their mother tongue. Psychological barriers also appear in discussion session, where in this case some students do not want to participate because they are too afraid of making mistakes, lack of self-esteem and motivation so they prefer to keep silent in the class. From the natural phenomenon happened in the speaking class, it can be concluded that psychological factors which hinder the students in performing their speaking are possibly caused by the feeling of too worried of making mistakes and the lack of self-esteem which are related to shyness and their anxiety level. By looking at this phenomenon, it is better for teacher to give their students assistance so that they can perform their English speaking better

What Does Evidence-Based Practice Mean to You? A Follow-Up Study Examining School-Based Speech-Language Pathologists' Perspectives on Evidence-Based Practice

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 688-704
Author(s):  
Katrina Fulcher-Rood ◽  
Anny Castilla-Earls ◽  
Jeff Higginbotham
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Research Evidence ◽  
Evidence Based Practice ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Clinical Expertise ◽  
Speech Language Pathologists ◽  
School Based ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
Ebp Implementation

Purpose The current investigation is a follow-up from a previous study examining child language diagnostic decision making in school-based speech-language pathologists (SLPs). The purpose of this study was to examine the SLPs' perspectives regarding the use of evidence-based practice (EBP) in their clinical work. Method Semistructured phone interviews were conducted with 25 school-based SLPs who previously participated in an earlier study by Fulcher-Rood et al. 2018). SLPs were asked questions regarding their definition of EBP, the value of research evidence, contexts in which they implement scientific literature in clinical practice, and the barriers to implementing EBP. Results SLPs' definitions of EBP differed from current definitions, in that SLPs only included the use of research findings. SLPs seem to discuss EBP as it relates to treatment and not assessment. Reported barriers to EBP implementation were insufficient time, limited funding, and restrictions from their employment setting. SLPs found it difficult to translate research findings to clinical practice. SLPs implemented external research evidence when they did not have enough clinical expertise regarding a specific client or when they needed scientific evidence to support a strategy they used. Conclusions SLPs appear to use EBP for specific reasons and not for every clinical decision they make. In addition, SLPs rely on EBP for treatment decisions and not for assessment decisions. Educational systems potentially present other challenges that need to be considered for EBP implementation. Considerations for implementation science and the research-to-practice gap are discussed.

How to Psychologically Minimize Scratching Impulses

2014 ◽  
Vol 222 (3) ◽  
pp. 140-147 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ariane Sölle ◽  
Theresa Bartholomäus ◽  
Margitta Worm ◽  
Regine Klinger
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Processes ◽  
Placebo Effect ◽  
Psychological Factors ◽  
Pharmacological Treatments ◽  
Physiological Basis ◽  
Psychological Mechanisms ◽  
Physical Complaints ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Placebo Model

Research in recent years, especially in the analgesic field, has intensively studied the placebo effect and its mechanisms. It has been shown that physical complaints can be efficiently reduced via learning and cognitive processes (conditioning and expectancies). However, despite evidence demonstrating a large variety of physiological similarities between pain and itch, the possible transfer of the analgesic placebo model to itch has not yet been widely discussed in research. This review therefore aims at highlighting potential transfers of placebo mechanisms to itch processes by demonstrating the therapeutic issues in pharmacological treatments for pruritus on a physiological basis and by discussing the impact of psychological mechanisms and psychological factors influencing itch sensations.

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