Rural and Urban Living Standards in Virginia.Wilson Gee , William Henry Stauffer

1930 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 156-157
Author(s):  
E. L. Kirkpatrick
Keyword(s):  
Living Standards ◽  
Urban Living ◽  
Rural And Urban

scholarly journals The dynamics of population by settlements in the Guba-Khachmaz economic-geographical region

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 143-151
Author(s):  
Tural Bayramov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Population Growth ◽  
Rural Population ◽  
Growth Dynamics ◽  
Living Standards ◽  
Geographical Region ◽  
Employment Rate ◽  
Social Survey ◽  
Rural And Urban ◽  
The Social ◽  
Dynamics Of Population

The article shows and analyzes the population growth dynamics in the Guba-Khachmaz economic-geographical region, the economic region’s urban and rural population. Its share of the population of Azerbaijan for the years 1990-2015 are shown in the tables and also analyzed. The population for rural and urban sectors and the indicators of rate are shown in the map for 2016-2017 years. Also, as a result of the social survey conducted in the region, the living standards of the population as well as the employment rate in the settlements were studied, and ways to mitigate problems were identified.

scholarly journals THE ROLE OF SOCIAL POLICY IN A CULTURALLY COMPLEX SOCIETY MANAGEMENT (THE CASE STUDY OF IRAN)

2020 ◽  
pp. 255-270
Author(s):  
N. M. Mamedova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Social Policy ◽  
Governance Structure ◽  
Global Market ◽  
Living Standards ◽  
Political Life ◽  
Educational Systems ◽  
Islamic Republic ◽  
Economic Stratification ◽  
Rural And Urban ◽  
The Social

Social policy is among key priorities for Iran due to unique Islamic regime governance structure further cemented by the historic cultural and ethno-religious heterogeneity of Iranian society. The current Islamic republic governance is only four decades old, and the social policy as a part of the society management system is being shaped and developed considering both Islamic principles and the population ever changing needs. The article provides an analysis of the Islamic Republic of Iran social policy targets, trends and outcomes over the different periods of times as well as surveys various Islamic patterns for the population’s social support. The research evaluates the waqfs’ and Islamic foundations contribution shares as part of national rural and urban households spending. The author pays special attention to the different population categories’ living standards evolution, analysed both from the income standpoint, and the health care and educational systems, the households' utility services (including housing, electricity, drinking water, gas, etc.). The social justice achievement was stated as one of the main goals of the Islamic regime, and the author surveys the socio-economic stratification of the Iranian society, as well as the dynamics of poverty and inequality. These processes are driven by the domestic socio-economic policy to a large extent, but are also dependent on its correlation with the situation in global market. The author concludes that currently the support opportunities for the poorest become increasingly dependent on the external environment. That said, while the ideology had the most powerful impact on the society consolidation over the past decades, at present it is being replaced with quite pragmatic population’s aspirations such as the achievement of higher living standards, the ensured access to active participation in the economic and political life of the country.

scholarly journals EXPLORING THE EFFECTS OF RURAL AND URBAN LIVING ON LONELINESS AND REINSTITUTIONALIZATION

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S533-S534
Author(s):  
Kaleigh Ligus ◽  
Alexandra Grimaldi ◽  
Julie Robison
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Institutional Care ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Population Data ◽  
Census Bureau ◽  
Urban Environments ◽  
Rural Residents ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Urban Living ◽  
Rural And Urban

Abstract The following study employs secondary data from the Money Follows the Person Rebalancing Demonstration (MFP) in Connecticut (CT) to assess relationships between rural and urban living on loneliness and reinstitutionalization among an older adult (65+) sample. MFP is a federal initiative to help states transition people from institutional settings to the community. Older adults (n=1,301) who transitioned from institutional care to the community between 2009 and 2015 were surveyed 6, 12 and 24 months after transition. Rurality was determined according to the CT State Office of Rural Health and US Census Bureau definitions: urban area (UA), urban cluster (UC) and rural, utilizing 2017 CT Population data. SPSS was used to conduct chi-square tests and one-way ANOVAs to examine relationships. Almost half of participants (48%) resided in UAs, another 43% lived in UCs and 8% lived in rural towns. A statistically significant relationship was found between rural and UC groups and loneliness, indicated by a three-item modified version of the R-UCLA loneliness scale. Rural residents reported lower rates of loneliness (3.84 out of 9) than did UC (4.61) or UA (4.64) residents. However, a significantly higher percentage of rural residents (44%) reported at least one instance of reinstitutionalization at 24 months compared to UC (36%) or UA (30%) residents. Multivariate analyses seek to clarify these contradictory results. The findings of this study have the potential to further inform the literature regarding loneliness and connections between reinstitutionalization among older adults living in rural and urban environments.

Parent-Child Coresidence and Quasi-Coresidence in Peninsular Malaysia

1999 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 43-63 ◽  
Author(s):  
ChorSwang Ngin ◽  
Julie DaVanzo
Keyword(s):  
Living Arrangements ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Peninsular Malaysia ◽  
Urban Living ◽  
Ethnographic Interviews ◽  
Urban Employment ◽  
Rural And Urban ◽  
Women's Participation ◽  
Market Opportunities ◽  
Parent Child

AbstractThis paper reports the findings from focus group discussions and ethnographic interviews that were conducted in 1996 in Malay, Chinese and Indian communities in Peninsular Malaysia. Whereas a common perception in the literature is that formal parent-child coresidence remains the ideal, many urban participants of all ethnic groups felt that quasi-coresidence-parents and their adult children living nearby and assisting each other but not actually coresiding was a desirable arrangement, but there were different degrees of emphasis and different motivations, depending on the traditional pressure on coresidence and their experience with urban living. Multiple forces are shaping decisions regarding intergenerational living arrangements, including religion, traditional ideals regarding post-marital residence, labour market opportunities and women's participation in urban employment, availability and cost of housing, needs for childcare, people's experience with rural and urban living, and the health status and socioeconomic status of the elderly.

DIVERSIFICATION OF THE LIVING STANDARDS OF RURAL AND URBAN HOUSEHOLDS IN 2006 AND 2016

2018 ◽  
Vol XX (5) ◽  
pp. 127-133
Author(s):  
Anna Murawska
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Living Standards ◽  
Standard Of Living ◽  
Urban Households ◽  
Rural And Urban ◽  
Level Of Satisfaction ◽  
Satisfaction Of Needs

The aim of the paper was to assess differences in the standard of living in households in rural areas and in rural areas in Poland. An analysis was made of indicators that measure the level of satisfaction of needs. Economic, infrastructural and environmental factors were taken into account. The results were presented for 2006 and 2016. The data was subjected to statistical analysis. The dynamics indexes, the measure of the range and the measure of the distance between the features values were calculated. The living standards in rural areas and in urban areas are significantly different to the detriment of rural households. This is due to the poorer material situation, less developed social and technical infrastructure and less developed assets of the natural environment.

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