Application of the virial theorem to clusters of galaxies with unseen mass

1980 ◽  
Vol 241 ◽  
pp. 63 ◽  
Author(s):  
H., Jr. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Virial Theorem ◽  
Clusters Of Galaxies

Nonlocal Gravity and Dark Matter

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bahram Mashhoon
Keyword(s):  
Dark Matter ◽  
Solar System ◽  
Observational Data ◽  
Virial Theorem ◽  
Spiral Galaxies ◽  
Clusters Of Galaxies ◽  
The Galaxy

The implications of linearized NLG for the gravitational physics of the Solar System, spiral galaxies and nearby clusters of galaxies are critically examined in this chapter. In the Newtonian regime, NLG involves a reciprocal kernel with three length parameters. We discuss the determination of these parameters by comparing the predictions of the theory with observational data. Furthermore, the virial theorem for the Newtonian regime of NLG is derived and its consequences for nearby “isolated” astronomical systems in virial equilibrium are investigated. For such a galaxy, in particular, the galaxy’s baryonic diameter namely, the diameter of the smallest sphere that completely surrounds the baryonic system at the present time, is predicted to be larger than the basic nonlocality lengthscale, which is about 3 kpc, times the effective dark matter fraction of the galaxy.

scholarly journals Dynamics and Clusters of Galaxies

1974 ◽  
Vol 62 ◽  
pp. 273-284
Author(s):  
D. G. Saari
Keyword(s):  
Virial Theorem ◽  
Gravitational Force ◽  
Clusters Of Galaxies ◽  
Expanding Universe ◽  
Evolution Of The Universe ◽  
Mathematical Probability ◽  
The Masses ◽  
The Universe

Under the assumption that the inverse square central force law is a good approximation to the gravitational force, at least for large distances, the different possibilities for the evolution of the Universe are sketched. Several of the possibilities lead naturally to a dynamical classification of clusters of galaxies in an expanding universe. In one of the classifications the galaxies must define configurations which are functions of the masses. The virial theorem approach of determining masses of galaxies in a cluster is briefly examined. Some tentative statements concerning a dynamical explanation of the local hypothesis for quasars are advanced. Finally, the role of mathematical probability in predicting the behavior of the Universe is discussed.

Beyond the Schwarzschild Metric

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
David M. Wittman
Keyword(s):  
Black Holes ◽  
General Relativity ◽  
Gravitational Waves ◽  
Test Particle ◽  
Direct Detection ◽  
Relativistic Effects ◽  
Big Bang ◽  
Clusters Of Galaxies ◽  
General Relativistic ◽  
The Universe

General relativity explains much more than the spacetime around static spherical masses.We briefly assess general relativity in the larger context of physical theories, then explore various general relativistic effects that have no Newtonian analog. First, source massmotion gives rise to gravitomagnetic effects on test particles.These effects also depend on the velocity of the test particle, which has substantial implications for orbits around black holes to be further explored in Chapter 20. Second, any changes in the sourcemass ripple outward as gravitational waves, and we tell the century‐long story from the prediction of gravitational waves to their first direct detection in 2015. Third, the deflection of light by galaxies and clusters of galaxies allows us to map the amount and distribution of mass in the universe in astonishing detail. Finally, general relativity enables modeling the universe as a whole, and we explore the resulting Big Bang cosmology.

Magnetic Field Evolution in Merging Clusters of Galaxies

1999 ◽  
Vol 518 (2) ◽  
pp. 594-602 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kurt Roettiger ◽  
James M. Stone ◽  
Jack O. Burns
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Clusters Of Galaxies ◽  
Field Evolution
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