scholarly journals PHAGE FORMATION IN STAPHYLOCOCCUS MUSCAE CULTURES

1950 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 225-229 ◽  
Author(s):  
Winston H. Price
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Synthetic Medium ◽  
Butyl Alcohol ◽  
Growth Substance ◽  
Metal Precipitation ◽  
Maximum Value ◽  
One Step ◽  
Step Growth ◽  
The One

1. A substance is present in autolyzed pepsin solutions which stimulates the release of phage by some strains of S. muscae when added to Fildes' synthetic medium. 2. The substance is assayed by determining the quantity necessary to increase the phage yield to one-half the maximum value, using the one-step growth curve technique. 3. The substance has been concentrated and partially purified (500-fold) by heavy metal precipitation, butyl alcohol extraction, and absorption on norit. 4. No known amino acid or accessory growth substance tested could replace this substance.

Stepping-stones to One-step Growth: Frank Macfarlane Burnet's Role in Elucidating the Viral Nature of the Bacteriophages

2008 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 83 ◽  
Author(s):  
Neeraja Sankaran
Keyword(s):  
Growth Pattern ◽  
Stepping Stones ◽  
Bacterial Origin ◽  
Considerable Debate ◽  
One Step ◽  
Viral Nature ◽  
Step Growth ◽  
The One ◽  
Phage Growth

The demonstration of the one-step growth pattern of the bacteriophages is generally regarded as the key evidence that bacteriophages were viruses rather than enzymes of bacterial origin, a matter of considerable debate among scientists since the bacteriophage was first described in 1917. While the credit for this demonstration is usually accorded to a 1939 paper on phage growth by Emory Ellis and Max Delbr�ck, closer scrutiny of phage research conducted in the intervening two decades reveals that these papers did not present a new idea, but rather extended and refined a line of investigation about the phages that had its conceptual antecedents in the earlier work. Of particular note is the work of the Australian, Frank Macfarlane Burnet, during the late 1920s and early 1930s. Burnet's work also furnished other important reasons besides one-step growth—derived from experiments on lysogeny—for favouring the virus theoryand discarding the enzyme theory of phage. This paper examines Burnet's contributions towards understanding of the nature of phage and makes the case that it was a tacit acceptance of the evidence and arguments that he presented that allowed Ellis and Delbr�ck to make assumptions about the bacteriophage, presented as fact in their papers.

scholarly journals Creation of a Broad-Range and Highly Stereoselectived-Amino Acid Dehydrogenase for the One-Step Synthesis ofd-Amino Acids

2006 ◽  
Vol 128 (33) ◽  
pp. 10923-10929 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kavitha Vedha-Peters ◽  
Manjula Gunawardana ◽  
J. David Rozzell ◽  
Scott J. Novick
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Acid Dehydrogenase ◽  
Amino Acid Dehydrogenase ◽  
One Step ◽  
The One

scholarly journals PHAGE FORMATION IN STAPHYLOCOCCUS MUSCAE CULTURES

1950 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 231-250 ◽  
Author(s):  
Winston H. Price
Keyword(s):  
Aspartic Acid ◽  
Burst Size ◽  
Synthetic Medium ◽  
Growth Curves ◽  
Acid Synthesis ◽  
Virus Protein ◽  
Complete Medium ◽  
Multiplication Rate ◽  
One Step ◽  
Step Growth

1. Four strains of Staphylococcus muscae have been isolated which differ in their growth rates and phage syntheses in Fildes' synthetic medium. 2. Two of the strains when singly infected cannot release phage in Fildes' synthetic medium unless a substance present in certain acid-hydrolyzed proteins is added to the medium. One of these strains also requires other substance(s) present in acid-hydrolyzed proteins in order to grow in Fildes' medium. 3. The two strains which do not require the addition of the phage-stimulating factor have been found either to synthesize this substance, or one similar to it. One of these strains will not grow in Fildes' medium unless substance(s) present in acid-hydrolyzed proteins is added to the medium. 4. The purified acid-hydrolyzed protein factor necessary for virus liberation does not affect the multiplication rate of uninfected S. muscae cells in Fildes' synthetic medium. 5. The substance is not needed for the adsorption or the invasion of the host cell by the virus. In the absence of the factor, the virus is adsorbed to the cell and "kills" it. 6. An analysis carried out by means of the one-step growth curve technique has indicated that the substance is not concerned simply with the mechanism of virus release, but is necessary for some initial stage in virus synthesis. 7. With one bacterial strain not requiring the AHPF, aspartic acid had to be present at least during the minimum latent period for the cell to form virus. 8. In the absence of aspartic acid, the virus was adsorbed to the cell and killed it, but no virus was released from singly infected bacteria. 9. If the cells were grown in a medium containing aspartic acid and then resuspended in the medium minus aspartic acid, no virus was released, although such cells contained at least two times the amount of aspartic acid necessary for the burst size in the complete medium. 10. Aspartic acid, a constituent of the virus particle, appears from an analysis of one-step growth curves to take part in the initial phase of phage synthesis. 11. The effect of amino acids on virus formation is discussed in relation to the time sequence of virus protein and desoxyribonucleic acid synthesis.

scholarly journals A Lytic Yersina pestis Bacteriophage Obtained From the Bone Marrow of Marmota himalayana in a Plague-Focus Area in China

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Junrong Liang ◽  
Shuai Qin ◽  
Ran Duan ◽  
Haoran Zhang ◽  
Weiwei Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Sequence Similarity ◽  
Tibet Plateau ◽  
Highly Pathogenic ◽  
Serotype O ◽  
Short Latent Period ◽  
One Step ◽  
Step Growth ◽  
The One ◽  
Qinghai Tibet Plateau

A lytic Yersinia pestis phage vB_YpP-YepMm (also named YepMm for briefly) was first isolated from the bone marrow of a Marmota himalayana who died of natural causes on the Qinghai-Tibet plateau in China. Based on its morphologic (isometric hexagonal head and short non-contractile conical tail) and genomic features, we classified it as belonging to the Podoviridae family. At the MOI of 10, YepMm reached maximum titers; and the one-step growth curve showed that the incubation period of the phage was about 10 min, the rise phase was about 80 min, and the lysis amount of the phage during the lysis period of 80 min was about 187 PFU/cell. The genome of the bacteriophage YepMm had nucleotide-sequence similarity of 99.99% to that of the Y. pestis bacteriophage Yep-phi characterized previously. Analyses of the biological characters showed that YepMm has a short latent period, strong lysis, and a broader lysis spectrum. It could infect Y. pestis, highly pathogenic bioserotype 1B/O:8 Y. enterocolitica, as well as serotype O:1b Y. pseudotuberculosis—the ancestor of Y. pestis. It could be further developed as an important biocontrol agent in pathogenic Yersinia spp. infection.

scholarly journals Replication of Simian Virus 40 Deoxyribonucleic Acid: Analysis of the One-Step Growth Cycle

1973 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 98-106 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simone Manteuil ◽  
Jacqueline Pages ◽  
Dominique Stehelin ◽  
Marc Girard
Keyword(s):  
Deoxyribonucleic Acid ◽  
Simian Virus 40 ◽  
Growth Cycle ◽  
Simian Virus ◽  
One Step ◽  
Step Growth ◽  
The One

Solvent-Free Synthesis and Characterization of the Zn(II) Complexes with Amino Acid Schiff Base

2012 ◽  
Vol 455-456 ◽  
pp. 740-745
Author(s):  
W. Zhong ◽  
Guo Qing Zhong ◽  
Y. Zhang ◽  
Q. Zhong
Keyword(s):  
Schiff Base ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Zinc Ion ◽  
Solvent Free ◽  
Schiff Base Ligands ◽  
Coordination Numbers ◽  
Percentage Mass Loss ◽  
One Step ◽  
The One ◽  
Amino Acid Schiff Base

Three zinc (II) complexes of the amino acid Schiff base were synthesized by the one step reaction of amino acid with aldehyde, zinc acetate in solvent-free. The compositions and structures of the complexes were characterized by elemental analyses, FTIR, XRD, TG-DSC. The compositions of the complexes are ZnL•nH2O (L = sal-leu, sal-ala, van-leu; sal = salicylaldehyde; van = vanillic aldehyde; leu = leucine; ala = alanine). Infrared spectra of the complexes indicate that the Schiff base ligands are formed, zinc ion is coordinated to the Schiff base ligands as terdentate with O, O and N donors from carboxylic, phenolic and imino groups respectively, the coordination numbers of zinc ion is four. The possible pyrolysis reactions in the thermal decomposition process of the complexes, the experimental and calculated percentage mass loss are also given.

Enhanced electrochromic properties of a polypyrrole–indigo carmine–gold nanoparticles nanocomposite

2015 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 1234-1240 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. F. Loguercio ◽  
C. C. Alves ◽  
A. Thesing ◽  
J. Ferreira
Keyword(s):  
Gold Nanoparticles ◽  
Indigo Carmine ◽  
Electrochromic Properties ◽  
One Step ◽  
Step Growth ◽  
The One

Enhanced electrochromic properties of a PPy–IC–Aunanop nanocomposite obtained by the one-step growth of gold nanoparticles and electropolymerization of indigo carmine doped polypyrrole.

Frequency distribution of phage release in the one-step growth experiment

Virology ◽  
1956 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 96-108 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark H. Adams ◽  
Felix E. Wassermann
Keyword(s):  
Frequency Distribution ◽  
Growth Experiment ◽  
One Step ◽  
Step Growth ◽  
The One
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