scholarly journals EXPERIMENTAL HIGH JEJUNOSTOMY IN THE DOG, WITH BLOOD CHEMICAL STUDIES

1926 ◽  
Vol 44 (6) ◽  
pp. 795-802 ◽  
Author(s):  
Russell L. Haden ◽  
Thomas G. Orr
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Chloride ◽  
Intestinal Obstruction ◽  
Chloride Solution ◽  
Sodium Chloride Solution ◽  
Acute Intestinal Obstruction ◽  
Chemical Changes ◽  
Chemical Studies ◽  
Experimental Findings

1. The effect of high jejunostomy upon the life and chemical changes of the blood of dogs is here reported. 2. Sodium chloride solution administered in sufficient quantity after high jejunostomy prolongs the life of dogs. 3. Such experimental findings as these warrant a careful cinical study of the effects of high jejunostomy so frequently used in the treatment of acute intestinal obstruction.

scholarly journals EXPERIMENTAL OBSTRUCTION OF THE JEJUNUM

1925 ◽  
Vol 41 (6) ◽  
pp. 707-718 ◽  
Author(s):  
Russell L. Haden ◽  
Thomas G. Orr
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Chloride ◽  
Hydrochloric Acid ◽  
Chloride Solution ◽  
Sodium Chloride Solution ◽  
Distilled Water ◽  
Salt Solutions ◽  
Chemical Changes ◽  
Sodium Chloride Solutions ◽  
Long Period ◽  
Cent Sodium

Chemical changes are reported occurring in the blood of animals with obstruction of the jejunum, in which distilled water or sodium chloride solutions were introduced directly into the lumen of the intestine below the point of obstruction. Distilled water given daily from the beginning of the obstruction, had no influence on the development or course of the toxemia. 1 and 2 per cent salt solutions prevented a toxemia in uncomplicated cases. One animal so treated lived 30 days. Distilled water, given after the onset of toxemia, did not alter the progress or outcome of the toxemia. 10 per cent sodium chloride solution, administered after the onset of toxemia, controlled it in most cases for a long period. Hydrochloric acid had no effect on the course of the toxemia.

The nature and cause of seaminess in Cheddar cheese

1965 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-44 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Conochie ◽  
B. J. Sutherland
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Chloride ◽  
Chloride Solution ◽  
Sodium Chloride Solution ◽  
Cheddar Cheese ◽  
Calcium Orthophosphate ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Phosphate Ions ◽  
Calcium Phosphorus ◽  
Chemical Studies

SummaryMicroscopical and chemical studies of seaminess in Cheddar cheese revealed that the white lines or seams characteristic of the defect are sections through layers of crystals lying between the milled curd particles. The crystals were identified from their X-ray diffraction pattern and by their refractive index as calcium orthophosphate dihydrate, CaHPO4. 2H2O. On each side of the adjoining curd surfaces in affected cheese there is a zone about 20 μm thick of strongly contracted protein which is almost devoid of crystals.Adding sodium chloride to cheddared curd increased the quantities of calcium, phosphorus and water released. The increases were proportional to the amount of salt applied within the range 0–2·5 g NaCl per 100 g curd.The solubility of calcium orthophosphate was found to rise from about 0·0025 M in water to a maximum of 0·008M in 2 M sodium chloride solution.It is postulated that calcium and phosphate ions released from the curd into the seam crystallize in the form of CaHPO4. 2H2O as the solubility of the compound is lowered by diffusion of salt from the surfaces into the curd particles.

scholarly journals EFFECT OF JEJUNOSTOMY IN EXPERIMENTAL OBSTRUCTION OF THE JEJUNUM OF THE DOG

1926 ◽  
Vol 43 (4) ◽  
pp. 483-493 ◽  
Author(s):  
Russell L. Haden ◽  
Thomas G. Orr
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Chloride ◽  
Beneficial Effect ◽  
Chloride Solution ◽  
Sodium Chloride Solution ◽  
Chemical Changes ◽  
Jejunal Obstruction

1. Jejunostomy does not prevent the development of the chemical changes of the blood characteristic of obstruction of the jejunum in the dog. 2. Jejunostomy following experimental obstruction of the jejunum has no beneficial effect upon the duration of life. There is some evidence that life may be shortened by early jejunostomy. 3. Treatment of jejunal obstruction with sodium chloride solution tends to prolong the life of animals regardless of jejunostomy.

scholarly journals The use of Robinia pseudoacacia L fruit extract as a green corrosion inhibitor in the protection of copper-based objects

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Vahid Pourzarghan ◽  
Bahman Fazeli-Nasab
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Chloride ◽  
Corrosion Inhibition ◽  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Chloride Solution ◽  
Sodium Chloride Solution ◽  
Control Sample ◽  
Fruit Extract ◽  
Bronze Alloy ◽  
Sem Images ◽  
Green Inhibitor

AbstractThe most important inhibitors used in bronze disease are BTA and AMT. While these inhibitors control corrosion, they are toxic and cancerous. In this study, the acacia fruit extract (200 ppm to 1800 ppm) was used to the prevention of corrosion inhibition of bronze alloy in corrosive sodium chloride solution 0.5 M, for 4 weeks consecutively. The Bronze alloy used in this research, was made based on the same percentage as the ancient alloys (Cu-10Sn). IE% was used to obtain the inhibitory efficiency percentage and Rp can be calculated from the resistance of polarization. SEM–EDX was used to evaluate the surfaces of alloy as well as inhibitory. The experiment was conducted in split plot design in time based on the RCD in four replications. ANOVA was performed and comparison of means square using Duncan's multiple range test at one percent probability level. The highest rate of corrosion inhibition (93.5%) was obtained at a concentration of 1800 ppm with an increase in the concentration of the extract, corrosion inhibition also increased, i.e., more bronze was prevented from burning. Also, the highest corrosion inhibitory activity of Acacia extract (79.66) was in the second week and with increasing duration, this effect has decreased. EDX analysis of the control sample matrix showed that the amount of chlorine was 8.47%wt, while in the presence of corrosive sodium chloride solution, after 4 weeks, the amount of chlorine detected was 3.20%wt. According to the morphology (needle and rhombus) of these corrosion products based on the SEM images, it can be said, they are the type of atacamite and paratacamite. They have caused bronze disease in historical bronze works. The green inhibitor of Acacia fruit aqueous extract can play an effective role in inhibiting corrosion of bronze, but at higher concentrations, it became fungal, which can reduce the role of Acacia fruit aqueous extract and even ineffective. To get better performance of green inhibitors, more tests need to be done to improve and optimize.

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