scholarly journals Cellular basis of regulation of expression of idiotype. II. Immunity to anti-MOPC-460 idiotype antibodies increases the level of anti-trinitrophenyl antibodies bearing 460 idiotypes.

1979 ◽  
Vol 149 (4) ◽  
pp. 815-823 ◽  
Author(s):  
C Bona ◽  
R Hooghe ◽  
P A Cazenave ◽  
C Leguérn ◽  
W E Paul
Keyword(s):  
T Cells ◽  
T Lymphocytes ◽  
Antibody Response ◽  
Suppressor Cells ◽  
Active Immunization ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Regulation Of Expression ◽  
Myeloma Protein ◽  
Suppressor T Lymphocytes

The antibody response of BALB/c mice to trinitrophenyl (TNP)-levan or TNP-Nocardia water-soluble mitogen (NWSM) includes a small but significant fraction of antibodies which share idiotypes (Id) with the dinitrophenyl (DNP)- and TNP-binding myeloma protein MOPC-460. Active immunization of BALB/c mice with MOPC-460 or passive administration of anti-460-Id antibodies suppresses the 460-Id+ component of the anti-TNP response. By contrast, active immunization of BALB/c with anti-460-Id antibodies or passive administration of BALB/c anti-[anti-460-Id] antibodies leads to an enhanced 460-Id+ component in the anti-TNP antibodies produced in response to TNP-levan or TNP-NWSM. This enhanced 460-Id+ response appears to be a result of the elimination of suppressor T lymphocytes specific for the 460-Id as T lymphocytes from such mice are unable to suppress the in vitro 460-Id+ response to TNP-NWSM whereas normal T cells are suppressive. These results indicate that suppressor cells specific for 460-Id normally regulate the activation of precursors of cells capable of secreting 460-Id+ anti-TNP antibodies.

scholarly journals Cellular basis of regulation of expression of idiotype. I. T-suppressor cells specific for MOPC 460 idiotype regulate the expression of cells secreting anti-TNP antibodies bearing 460 idiotype.

1979 ◽  
Vol 149 (3) ◽  
pp. 592-600 ◽  
Author(s):  
C Bona ◽  
W E Paul
Keyword(s):  
T Cells ◽  
Significant Proportion ◽  
Suppressor Cells ◽  
Regulation Of Expression ◽  
Suppressor Activity ◽  
Myeloma Protein ◽  
A Cell

An idiotype of the dinitrophenyl-binding myeloma protein MOPC 460 was expressed on a small but significant proportion of anti-TNP antibodies which appeared after in vivo or in vitro immunization of BALB/c mice with three T-independent TNP antigens. In vitro experiments show that the depletion of T cells before culture increased significantly the number of plaques secreting anti-TNP antibodies bearing MOPC 460 idiotype (460Id). T cells from BALB/c mice, but not from C.B20 mice, exhibit this suppressor activity. Plate-binding experiments indicate that the suppressive action of the T-lymphocyte population depends on a cell which can bind to MOPC 460 myeloma protein. The possible role of these normally occurring, idiotype-specific T cells on expression of 460Id in the anti-TNP antibody response of BALB/c mice is discussed.

scholarly journals Mechanisms of idiotype suppression. I. In vitro generation of idiotype-specific suppressor T cells by anti-idiotype antibodies and specific antigen.

1979 ◽  
Vol 149 (6) ◽  
pp. 1371-1378 ◽  
Author(s):  
B S Kim
Keyword(s):  
T Cells ◽  
Specific Antigen ◽  
Suppressor Cells ◽  
Culture Period ◽  
Spleen Cells ◽  
Suppressor T Cells ◽  
Myeloma Protein ◽  
Specific Suppressor T Cells

Normal BALB/c spleen cells are unresponsive in vitro to the phosphorylcholine (PC) determinant in the presence of anti-idiotype antibodies specific for the TEPC-15 myeloma protein (T15) which carries an idiotypic determinant indistinguishable from that of most anti-PC antibodies in BALB/c mice. The possibility that idiotype-specific suppressor cells may be generated during the culture period was examined by coculturing the cells with untreated syngeneic spleen cells. Cells that had been preincubated with anti-T15 idiotype (anti-T15id) antibodies and a PC-containing antigen, R36a for 3 d, were capable of specifically suppressing the anti-PC response of fresh normal spleen cells, indicating that idiotype-specific suppressor cells were generated during the culture period. The presence of specific antigen also appeared to be necessary because anti-T15id antibodies and a control antigen, DNP-Lys-Ficoll, were not capable of generating such suppressor cells. Suppressor cells were induced only in the population of spleen cells nonadherent to nylon wool and the suppressive activity was abrogated by treatment with anti-Thy 1.2 serum and complement. These results indicate that anti-idiotype antibodies and specific antigen can generate idiotype-specific suppressor T cells in vitro. These in vitro results may reflect in vivo mechanisms of idiotype suppression.

Effects of Ca-Containing Phosphate Glasses on T Lymphocytes In Vitro

2005 ◽  
Vol 284-286 ◽  
pp. 597-602 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Kesisoglou ◽  
Jonathan C. Knowles ◽  
I. Olsen
Keyword(s):  
T Cells ◽  
T Lymphocytes ◽  
Dna Synthesis ◽  
T Cell Activation ◽  
Cell Activation ◽  
Human Peripheral Blood ◽  
Suppressor Cells ◽  
Phosphate Glasses ◽  
Activated T Cells

Calcium phosphate-based glasses (PG) are of interest as both scaffold and delivery materials for tissue rebuilding because of their chemical similarity to bone. Since it is essential that these materials exhibit local and systemic biocompatibility and do not adversely affect host tissues, the present study was undertaken to examine the effects of PG containing different amounts of Ca on human T lymphocytes in vitro. This was carried out by measuring the effects of extracts of the PG on the direct and mitogen-induced activation of T cells from human peripheral blood, as well as assessing CD4 and CD8, surface antigens which define T-helper and T-suppressor cells, respectively. The results showed that DNA synthesis by resting T lymphocytes was unaffected by all the PG. However, extracts of the PG containing 24 mol% of Ca caused a very marked inhibition of mitogen-induced T cell activation. This PG also reduced both the resting CD4+ and CD8+ T cells, as well as activated CD8+ cells. In contrast, high Ca-PG significantly augmented DNA synthesis by mitogen-activated T cells. These experiments show that PG containing differing levels of Ca can have pronounced and differential effects on the activation and function of T lymphocytes in vitro.

scholarly journals Elimination of syngeneic sarcomas in rats by a subset of T lymphocytes.

1980 ◽  
Vol 152 (4) ◽  
pp. 823-841 ◽  
Author(s):  
E Fernandez-Cruz ◽  
B A Woda ◽  
J D Feldman
Keyword(s):  
T Cells ◽  
T Cell ◽  
T Lymphocytes ◽  
Cell Subset ◽  
Suppressor Cells ◽  
Effector Cells ◽  
Long Duration ◽  
Ia Antigens

Established subcutaneous Moloney sarcomas (MST-1) of large size and long duration were eliminated from syngeneic rats by intravenous infusion of varying numbers of specific syngeneic effector T lymphocytes. Spleen cells from BN rats in which tumor had regressed were cultured in an in vitro mixed lymphocyte tumor cell culture (MLTC) to augment cytotoxicity of effector cells. In the MLTC a T cell subset was expanded in response to MST-1 antigens and transformed into blast elements. With these changes, there was an increase in the W3/25 antigen on the T cell surface, a decrease of W3/13 antigen, and an increase in the number of T cells with Ia antigens. The subset associated with elimination of established tumors was a blast T cell W3/25+, W3/13+, as detected by monoclonal antibodies to rat T antigens. The W3/25+ subset was poorly cytotoxic in vitro for MST-1 and apparently functioned in vivo as an amplifier or helper cell in the tumor-bearing host. The W3/25- population was a melange of cells that included (W3/13+, W3/25-) T cells, null cells, Ig+ cells, and macrophages, and was associated with enhancement of tumor in vivo, suggesting the presence of suppressor cells.

scholarly journals Suppressor cells: dependence on assay conditions for functional activity.

1976 ◽  
Vol 143 (5) ◽  
pp. 1211-1219 ◽  
Author(s):  
D D Eardley ◽  
M O Staskawicz ◽  
R K Gershon
Keyword(s):  
T Cells ◽  
Antibody Response ◽  
Functional Activity ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Suppressor Cells ◽  
Target Population ◽  
Spleen Cells ◽  
Regulatory Effects ◽  
Assay Conditions

Spleen cells educated in vitro with sheep red blood cells (SRBC) suppressed the plaque-forming cell response of Mishell-Dutton assay cultures challenged with optimal doses of SRBC. Changing conditions in the assay cultures changed the effect educated cells had on the assay culture responses. For example, educated cells helped rather than suppressed assay cultures of suboptimal numbers of spleen cells. Similarly, augmentation resulted upon addition of educated cells to assay cultures challenged with suboptimal doses of SRBC. Such a reversal of regulatory effects was not observed when assay cultures were challenged with supraoptimal antigen doses. Educated cells helped assay cultures of B spleen cells, and the addition of normal T cells reinstated suppression. Furthermore, maintenance of assay cultures under stationary rather than the usual rocking conditions allowed educated cells to help rather than suppress the antibody response of assay cultures. These results show that when the response of the target population (assay cultures) is low, the regulator (educated) cells augment the response, and vice versa, supporting the hypothesis that the effect regulator cells produce depends on the activity of the cells they regulate.

scholarly journals Ontogeny of mouse lymphocyte function. II. Development of the ability to produce antibody is modulated by T lymphocytes.

1975 ◽  
Vol 141 (1) ◽  
pp. 216-226 ◽  
Author(s):  
D E Mosier ◽  
B M Johnson
Keyword(s):  
T Cells ◽  
T Lymphocytes ◽  
Cell Function ◽  
Dominant Role ◽  
Mouse Spleen ◽  
Lymphocyte Function ◽  
Spleen Cells ◽  
Suppressor T Cells ◽  
Suppressor T Lymphocytes

The relative functional maturity of neonatal mouse spleen T- and B-cell populations was assessed by comparing the ability to respond to the thymic-independent antigen, DNP-Ficoll, or thymic-dependent SRBC by producing antibody in vitro. Although mouse spleen cells responded to DNP-Ficoll at an earlier age than they responded to SRBC or TNP-SRBC, the reason for the lag in the T-dependent response was confounded by the finding of high numbers of suppressor T lymphocytes in the neonatal spleen. Thus, small numbers of neonatal spleen T cells or thymocytes significantly decreased the in vitro antibody response of adult spleen cells. Although B lymphocytes appear to be functionally mature soon after birth, their acitivity may be modulated by an excess of suppressor T cells; e.g., the reconstitution of helper cell function in the neonatal spleen required anti-theta treatment before addition of adult helper cells. Suppressive activity attributable to T cells seems to play a dominant role in determining the ability of the neonatal animal to react positively or negatively to antigenic stimulation.

scholarly journals T-T interactions in the induction of suppressor and helper T cells: analysis of membrane phenotype of precursor and amplifier cells.

1977 ◽  
Vol 145 (4) ◽  
pp. 793-801 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Feldmann ◽  
P C Beverley ◽  
J Woody ◽  
I F McKenzie
Keyword(s):  
T Cells ◽  
T Lymphocytes ◽  
Suppressor Cells ◽  
Helper T Cells

The Ly and Ia phenotypes of T lymphocytes involved in the in vitro generation of helper and suppressor cells were identified. The precursors of both cells are found in adult thymectomized spleen. Helper precursors are Ly-1+2-3-Ia-, while suppressor precursors are Ly-1-2+3+Ia-, although the suppressor effector is Ia+. In both cases a second 'amplifier' cell is required for differentiation of precursors to occur. This cell is found in anti-lymphocyte serum-treated spleen and has the phenotype Ly-1+2+3+Ia-.

scholarly journals Prednisone-responsive aplastic anemia: a mechanism of glucocorticoid action

Blood ◽  
1979 ◽  
Vol 54 (2) ◽  
pp. 322-333 ◽  
Author(s):  
GC Jr Bagby ◽  
SH Goodnight ◽  
WM Mooney ◽  
K Richert-Boe
Keyword(s):  
T Lymphocytes ◽  
Aplastic Anemia ◽  
Suppressor Cells ◽  
Colony Growth ◽  
Peripheral Blood Lymphocytes ◽  
Suppressor T Lymphocytes ◽  
Glucocorticoid Action ◽  
Marrow Cells

Abstract We performed serial agar cultures (CFU-C) using marrow cells from a patient with prednisone-responsive aplastic anemia and from five patients with prednisone-resistant aplasia. Colony growth was decreased in all patients. Cortisol (10(-7)-10(-4)M) significantly enhanced colony growth in the prednisone-responsive patient but fauled to enhance colony growth in the remaining five patients. Further studies in the responsive patient indicated that (1) colony growth was enhanced by depleting T lymphocytes from the marrow cells, (2) colon growth T- depleted marrow cells was inhibited by autologous peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL), (3) cortisol failed to enhance colony growth of T- depleted marrow cells, (4) PBL and PBL-conditioned medium inhibited colony growth of both autologous and allogeneic marrow cells, but neither cortisol-treated PBL nor T-depleted PBL were inhibitory. Serial cultures in the responsive patient showed that colony growth normalized during remission when “suppressor” cells were absent and that colony growth was subnormal during a later relapse when cortisol-resistant “suppressor” cells were present. Therefore, in this prednisone- responsive patient, cortisol-sensitive T lymphocytes suppressed granulopoiesis in vitro. Our observations suggest that aplastic anemia in this patient is immunologically mediated and that prednisone therapy enhanced hemopoiesis in vivo by inhibiting the “suppressor” T lymphocytes.

scholarly journals Prednisone-responsive aplastic anemia: a mechanism of glucocorticoid action

Blood ◽  
1979 ◽  
Vol 54 (2) ◽  
pp. 322-333
Author(s):  
GC Jr Bagby ◽  
SH Goodnight ◽  
WM Mooney ◽  
K Richert-Boe
Keyword(s):  
T Lymphocytes ◽  
Aplastic Anemia ◽  
Suppressor Cells ◽  
Colony Growth ◽  
Peripheral Blood Lymphocytes ◽  
Suppressor T Lymphocytes ◽  
Glucocorticoid Action ◽  
Marrow Cells

We performed serial agar cultures (CFU-C) using marrow cells from a patient with prednisone-responsive aplastic anemia and from five patients with prednisone-resistant aplasia. Colony growth was decreased in all patients. Cortisol (10(-7)-10(-4)M) significantly enhanced colony growth in the prednisone-responsive patient but fauled to enhance colony growth in the remaining five patients. Further studies in the responsive patient indicated that (1) colony growth was enhanced by depleting T lymphocytes from the marrow cells, (2) colon growth T- depleted marrow cells was inhibited by autologous peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL), (3) cortisol failed to enhance colony growth of T- depleted marrow cells, (4) PBL and PBL-conditioned medium inhibited colony growth of both autologous and allogeneic marrow cells, but neither cortisol-treated PBL nor T-depleted PBL were inhibitory. Serial cultures in the responsive patient showed that colony growth normalized during remission when “suppressor” cells were absent and that colony growth was subnormal during a later relapse when cortisol-resistant “suppressor” cells were present. Therefore, in this prednisone- responsive patient, cortisol-sensitive T lymphocytes suppressed granulopoiesis in vitro. Our observations suggest that aplastic anemia in this patient is immunologically mediated and that prednisone therapy enhanced hemopoiesis in vivo by inhibiting the “suppressor” T lymphocytes.

scholarly journals Interferon inhibits the generation of allospecific suppressor T lymphocytes.

1982 ◽  
Vol 155 (6) ◽  
pp. 1610-1622 ◽  
Author(s):  
D Fradelizi ◽  
I Gresser
Keyword(s):  
T Lymphocytes ◽  
Interferon Alpha ◽  
Proliferative Response ◽  
Mixed Lymphocyte Reaction ◽  
Suppressor Cells ◽  
Human Interferon ◽  
Suppressor T Lymphocytes ◽  
Allogeneic Response ◽  
Allogeneic Stimulation

The effect of human interferon alpha on the differentiation of functional populations of lymphocytes during the human allogeneic response in vitro was studied. Interferon alpha inhibited the generation of allospecific suppressor T lymphocytes that normally develop from lymphocytes primed in vitro against allogeneic cells. This effect was not the result of the destruction by interferon of precursor suppressor cells but rather to inhibition of their differentiation into active suppressor T lymphocytes. This inhibition was reversible and could be overcome by repeated allogeneic stimulation even in the presence of interferon. Inhibition of the generation of allospecific suppressor lymphocytes by interferon might play an important role in the allogeneic response. Interferon inhibited the proliferation of lymphocytes after allogeneic stimulation in a primary mixed lymphocyte reaction but enhanced their cytotoxicity. Despite the inhibitory effect in the primary mixed lymphocyte reaction, the specific secondary proliferative response of lymphocytes primed against a single HLA-DR antigen was only slightly affected by interferon. On the other hand, the nonspecific secondary proliferative response of lymphocytes primed in the presence of interferon was significantly reduced, indicating that interferon might decrease the recruitment of nonspecific "irrelevant" clones of responding cells during the sensitization period.

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