scholarly journals Expression and distribution of vimentin and keratin filaments in heterokaryons of human fibroblasts and amnion epithelial cells.

1982 ◽  
Vol 94 (2) ◽  
pp. 308-315 ◽  
Author(s):  
P Laurila ◽  
I Virtanen ◽  
V P Lehto ◽  
T Vartio ◽  
S Stenman
Keyword(s):  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Intermediate Filaments ◽  
Immunofluorescence Microscopy ◽  
Human Fibroblasts ◽  
The Other ◽  
Specific Fluorescence ◽  
Keratin Filaments ◽  
Typical Cell ◽  
Vinblastine Sulphate ◽  
Amnion Epithelial Cells

The expression of intermediate filaments of the keratin- and the vimentin-type was studied in heterokaryons of human fibroblasts and amnion epithelial cells by immunofluorescence microscopy. Fibroblasts and their homokaryons showed a fibrillar, vimentin-specific fluorescence throughout the cytoplasm but were negative when stained for keratin. Amnion epithelial cells and their homokaryons, on the other hand, showed a keratin-specific fibrillar staining, and only some of them contained also detectable vimentin. When suspended epithelial cells were fused with adherent fibroblasts, keratin fibrils spread within 3 h into the fibroblasts, intermixing with the vimentin fibrils. 1-3 d after fusion, both vimentin and keratin filaments were expressed as typical fibrillar cytoplasmic arrays, and the distribution of keratin in heterokaryons resembled closely that of vimentin. A typical cell-to-cell arrangement of keratin fibrils, seen in cultures of amnion epithelial cells, could also be found between heterokaryons. Treatment of the cultures with vinblastine sulphate induced coiling of the vimentin filaments in both homo- and heterokaryons, whereas the keratin organization was only slightly affected. Our results show that both vimentin and keratin filaments are incorporated into the cytoskeleton of heterokaryons formed between fibroblasts and epithelial cells, and that they behave in the same way as in their parental cells. Both epithelial and fibroblastic characteristics thus appear to the coexpressed in such heterokaryons.

scholarly journals Rearrangement of the keratin cytoskeleton after combined treatment with microtubule and microfilament inhibitors.

1983 ◽  
Vol 97 (6) ◽  
pp. 1788-1794 ◽  
Author(s):  
L W Knapp ◽  
W M O'Guin ◽  
R H Sawyer
Keyword(s):  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Structural Organization ◽  
Immunofluorescence Microscopy ◽  
Combined Treatment ◽  
Cytoskeletal Organization ◽  
Functional Roles ◽  
Indirect Immunofluorescence Microscopy ◽  
Keratin Filaments ◽  
Keratin Filament ◽  
Keratin Fibers

In addition to containing microtubule and microfilament systems, vertebrate epithelial cells contain an elaborate keratin intermediate-filament cytoskeleton. Little is known about its structural organization or function. Using indirect immunofluorescence microscopy with an antikeratin antiserum probe, we found that destabilization of microtubules and microfilaments with cytostatic drugs induces significant alterations in the cytoskeletal organization of keratin filaments in HeLa and fetal mouse epidermal cells. Keratin filament organization was observed to undergo a rapid (1-2 h) transition from a uniform distribution to an open lattice of keratin fibers stabilized by membrane-associated focal centers. Since addition of any one drug alone did not elicit significant organizational change in the keratin cytoskeleton, we suggest that microfilaments and microtubules have a combined role in maintaining the arrangement of keratin in these cells. Vimentin filaments, the only other intermediate-sized filaments found in HeLa cells, did not co-distribute with keratin in untreated or drug-treated cells. These findings offer a new way to approach the study of the dynamics and functional roles of the keratin cytoskeleton in epithelial cells.

Interrelationships of endoplasmic reticulum, mitochondria, intermediate filaments, and microtubules—a quadruple fluorescence labeling study

1992 ◽  
Vol 70 (10-11) ◽  
pp. 1174-1186 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bohdan J. Soltys ◽  
Radhey S. Gupta
Keyword(s):  
Endoplasmic Reticulum ◽  
Intermediate Filaments ◽  
Intermediate Filament ◽  
Human Fibroblasts ◽  
The Other ◽  
Fluorescence Labeling ◽  
Spatial Distributions ◽  
Cellular Organization ◽  
Tubular Structures ◽  
Microtubule Depolymerization

To study the interrelationships of endoplasmic reticulum, mitochondria, intermediate filaments, and microtubules, we have developed a quadruple fluorescence labeling procedure to visualize all four structures in the same cell. We applied this approach to study cellular organization in control cells and in cells treated with the microtubule drugs vinblastine or taxol. Endoplasmic reticulum was visualized by staining glutaraldehyde-fixed cells with the dye 3,3′-dihexyloxacarbocyanine iodide. After detergent permeabilization, triple immunofluorescence was carried out to specifically visualize mitochondria, vimentin intermediate filaments, and microtubules. Mitochondria in human fibroblasts were found to be highly elongated tubular structures (lengths up to greater than 50 μm), which in many cases were apparently fused to each other. Mitochondria were always observed to be associated with endoplasmic reticulum, although endoplasmic reticulum also existed independently. Intermediate filament distribution could not completely account for endoplasmic reticulum or mitochondrial distributions. Microtubules, however, always codistributed with these organelles. Microtubule depolymerization in vinblastine treated cells resulted in coaggregation of endoplasmic reticulum and mitochondria, and in the collapse of intermediate filaments. The spatial distributions of organelles compared with, intermediate filaments were not identical, indicating that attachment of organelles to intermediate filaments was not responsible for organelle aggregation. Mitochondrial associations with endoplasmic reticulum, on the other hand, were retained, indicating this association was stable regardless of endoplasmic reticulum form or microtubules. In taxol-treated cells, endoplasmic reticulum, mitochondria, and intermediate filaments were all associated with taxol- stabilized microtubule bundles.Key words: endoplasmic reticulum, mitochondria, intermediate filaments, microtubules.

scholarly journals Interleukin 4 Production by Human Amnion Epithelial Cells and Regulation of its Activity by Glycosaminoglycan Binding1

1995 ◽  
Vol 52 (4) ◽  
pp. 839-847 ◽  
Author(s):  
Catherine A. Jones ◽  
Keryn A. Williams ◽  
John J. Finlay-Jones ◽  
Prue H. Hart
Keyword(s):  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Interleukin 4 ◽  
Human Amnion ◽  
Amnion Epithelial Cells

scholarly journals Transplantation of Human Amnion Epithelial Cells Reduces Hepatic Fibrosis in Immunocompetent CCl4-Treated Mice

2010 ◽  
Vol 19 (9) ◽  
pp. 1157-1168 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ursula Manuelpillai ◽  
Jorge Tchongue ◽  
Dinushka Lourensz ◽  
Vijesh Vaghjiani ◽  
Chrishan S. Samuel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Hepatic Fibrosis ◽  
Human Amnion ◽  
Amnion Epithelial Cells

Amnion Epithelial Cells, in Contrast to Trophoblast Cells, Express All Classical HLA Class I Molecules Together With HLA-G

1997 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 161-171 ◽  
Author(s):  
Astrid Hammer ◽  
Heinz Hutter ◽  
Astrid Blaschitz ◽  
Wolfgang Mahnert ◽  
Michaele Hartmann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Hla Class I ◽  
Class I ◽  
Trophoblast Cells ◽  
Hla Class I Molecules ◽  
Amnion Epithelial Cells

scholarly journals Cell-substratum interaction of cultured avian osteoclasts is mediated by specific adhesion structures.

1984 ◽  
Vol 99 (5) ◽  
pp. 1696-1705 ◽  
Author(s):  
P C Marchisio ◽  
D Cirillo ◽  
L Naldini ◽  
M V Primavera ◽  
A Teti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Intermediate Filaments ◽  
Immunofluorescence Microscopy ◽  
Laying Hens ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Medullary Bone ◽  
Transformed Cell ◽  
The Core ◽  
Low Calcium Diet

The cell-substratum interaction was studied in cultures of osteoclasts isolated from the medullary bone of laying hens kept on low calcium diet. In fully spread osteoclasts, cell-substratum adhesion mostly occurred within a continuous paramarginal area that corresponded also to the location of a thick network of intermediate filaments of the vimentin type. In this area, regular rows of short protrusions contacting the substratum and often forming a cup-shaped adhesion area were observed in the electron microscope. These short protrusions showed a core of F-actin-containing material presumably organized as a network of microfilaments and surrounded by a rosette-like structure in which vinculin and alpha-actinin were found by immunofluorescence microscopy. Rosettes were superposable to dark circles in interference-reflection microscopy and thus represented circular forms of close cell-substratum contact. The core of ventral protrusions also contained, beside F-actin, fimbrin and alpha-actinin. Villin was absent. This form of cell-substratum contact occurring at the tip of a short ventral protrusion differed from other forms of cell-substratum contact and represented an osteoclast-specific adhesion device that might also be present in in vivo osteoclasts as well as in other normal and transformed cell types.

Cytoskeletal involvement in the modulation of cell-cell junctions by the protein kinase inhibitor H-7

1994 ◽  
Vol 107 (3) ◽  
pp. 683-692 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Citi ◽  
T. Volberg ◽  
A.D. Bershadsky ◽  
N. Denisenko ◽  
B. Geiger
Keyword(s):  
Protein Kinase ◽  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Immunofluorescence Microscopy ◽  
Kinase Inhibitor ◽  
Cytochalasin D ◽  
Extracellular Calcium ◽  
Protein Kinase Inhibitor ◽  
Madin Darby Canine Kidney ◽  
Darby Canine Kidney ◽  
Canine Kidney

The protein kinase inhibitor H-7 has been shown to block junction dissociation induced by low extracellular calcium in Madin Darby canine kidney epithelial cells (S. Citi, J. Cell Biol. (1992) 117, 169–178). To understand the basis of this effect, we have examined how H-7 affects the organization of junctions and the actin cytoskeleton in different types of epithelial cells in culture. Immunofluorescence microscopy showed that H-7 confers Ca2+ independence on cultured epithelial lens cells, which lack tight junctions and desmosomes but have microfilament-associated adherens junctions. In these cells, H-7 did not protect N-cadherin from trypsin digestion at low extracellular calcium, suggesting that H-7 does not stabilize the ‘active’ cadherin conformation. In cultured Madin Darby canine kidney cells, H-7 partially prevented the fall in transepithelial resistance induced by cytochalasin D, either alone or in conjunction with calcium chelators. Double-immunofluorescence microscopy showed that H-7 inhibits both the fragmentation of labeling for the tight junction protein cingulin and the condensation of actin into cytoplasmic foci induced by cytochalasin D. Taken together, these observations indicate that H-7 inhibits junction dissociation by affecting the contractility of the adherens junction-associated microfilaments following treatment with calcium chelators or cytochalasin D.

scholarly journals Glomerulonephritis in schistosomiasis with mesangial IgM deposits

1981 ◽  
Vol 76 (2) ◽  
pp. 181-188 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ageu Godoy Magalhães Filho ◽  
Antônio Victoriano Barbosa ◽  
Teresa Cristina Ferreira
Keyword(s):  
Cell Proliferation ◽  
Light Microscopy ◽  
Immunofluorescence Microscopy ◽  
The Other ◽  
Proliferative Glomerulonephritis ◽  
Mesangial Proliferative Glomerulonephritis ◽  
Normal Pattern ◽  
Glomerular Lesions ◽  
Capillary Walls ◽  
Igm Deposits

Twenty one cases of hepatoesplenic schistosomiasis patients without clinical and laboratory evidence of renal disease, were studied by surgical biopsies using light microscopy and immunofluorescence. The cases were classified histologically as: normal pattern (6 cases); minimal changes (6 cases); and mesangial proliferative glomerulonephritis (9 cases). By the immunofluorescence microscopy using anti IgM, IgG, IgA and C3, the predominant finding in all biopsies, except the normal cases, was granular deposits of IgM in the mesangium along with C3. On the other hand, IgG was present in all cases including normal biopsies along the capillary walls. However IgG was also present in the mesangium only in cases with glomerular lesions. This finding may well be similar to that recently described as IgM mesangial nephropathy. According to our cases a mesangial proliferative glomerulonephritis, characterized by segmental cell proliferation and deposition of IgM in the mesangium, is probably the entity found in the early stages of mansonic schistosomiasis.

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