scholarly journals Redistribution of membrane proteins in isolated mouse intestinal epithelial cells.

1980 ◽  
Vol 86 (3) ◽  
pp. 849-857 ◽  
Author(s):  
C A Ziomek ◽  
S Schulman ◽  
M Edidin
Keyword(s):  
Alkaline Phosphatase ◽  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Leucine Aminopeptidase ◽  
Intestinal Epithelial Cells ◽  
Intestinal Epithelial ◽  
Isolated Cells ◽  
Brush Borders ◽  
Entire Cell ◽  
Combination Of Methods ◽  
Alter Cell Membrane

Single mouse intestinal epithelial cells (IEC) may be isolated by the use of a combination of methods used for the isolation of IEC from other species. Isolated cells remain viable for several hours. The membrane integral enzymes alkaline phosphatase and leucine aminopeptidase of isolated IEC are localized to the brush borders of IEC in tissue and in most newly isolated IEC. With time, both enzymes are found distributed over the entire cell surface. Redistribution appears to occur by diffusion in the plane of the membrane. It is slowed, but not blocked, if cells are maintained at 0 degrees C instead of at 37 degrees C, and it is not blocked by fixation in 0.5-3% paraformaldehyde. Drugs that alter cell membrane potential or that affect cell levels of ATP enhance the rate of redistribution of the enzymes.

scholarly journals STUDIES ON THE ORGANIZATION OF THE BRUSH BORDER IN INTESTINAL EPITHELIAL CELLS

1965 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 687-691 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander Eichholz ◽  
Robert K. Crane
Keyword(s):  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Brush Border ◽  
Intestinal Epithelial Cells ◽  
Companion Paper ◽  
Density Gradients ◽  
Intestinal Epithelial ◽  
Fibrillar Material ◽  
Brush Borders ◽  
Individual Bands ◽  
Positively Charged

Brush borders isolated from the epithelial cells of hamster jejunum have been dissociated by treatment with 1 M Tris(hydroxymethyl)aminomethane into several subfractions which can be separated by means of centrifugation on glycerol density gradients. Investigation of the chemical specificity of disrupting agents suggests that the amino group of Tris, in its positively charged state, is involved. Five individual bands or fractions have been routinely recovered from density gradients. The distribution of alkaline phosphatase and maltase activities among these fractions has been studied and the results indicate that both enzymes are predominantly associated with one fraction which has been identified in a companion paper as being composed of the membranes of the brush border microvilli. A fibrillar material of unidentified origin has also been obtained from Tris-disrupted brush borders.

Intestinal phosphate transport and alkaline phosphatase activity in the chick

1981 ◽  
Vol 240 (4) ◽  
pp. E384-E390 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. J. Birge ◽  
R. C. Avioli
Keyword(s):  
Alkaline Phosphatase ◽  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Phosphatase Activity ◽  
Alkaline Phosphatase Activity ◽  
Phosphate Uptake ◽  
Intestinal Epithelial Cells ◽  
Phosphate Transport ◽  
Intestinal Epithelial ◽  
Ph Optimum

The initial rates of phosphate accumulation by isolated chick intestinal epithelial cells have been examined. At high concentrations of phosphate (1.5 mM), phosphate uptake is relatively independent of sodium and demonstrates a pH optimum of 8.0. At pH 8.0, 56% of the uptake is dependent on the presence of Ca in the uptake medium compared to 28% at pH 6.8. Membranes prepared from these same intestinal epithelial cells contain a Ca-dependent phosphatase that can be distinguished from the more abundant Mg-dependent alkaline phosphatase. The Ca-dependent phosphatase has a pH optimum between 8.5 and 9.0 and, compared to the Mg-dependent activity, is more readily inactivated at 58 degrees C and is relatively resistant to L-phenylalanine inhibition but more sensitive to ethane-1-hydroxy-1,1-diphosphonate (EHDP). Both activities are distributed in a constant proportion between the brush border and basal lateral membranes and at various segments along the intestine. Vitamin D in vivo and 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] in vitro stimulated both activities. In vitro, utilizing the isolated intestinal cells, the stimulation of phosphate uptake paralleled the increase in Ca-dependent alkaline phosphatase activity. The role of alkaline phosphatase in intestinal phosphate transport is discussed.

The development of some digestive enzymes in the intestines of pigs reared artificially

1971 ◽  
Vol 76 (3) ◽  
pp. 531-538 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rosa M. Campbell ◽  
Helen Brough ◽  
B. F. Fell
Keyword(s):  
Alkaline Phosphatase ◽  
Digestive Enzymes ◽  
Leucine Aminopeptidase ◽  
Intestinal Epithelial Cells ◽  
Intestinal Epithelial ◽  
Enteric Disease ◽  
Neonatal Pigs ◽  
Acid And Alkaline Phosphatase ◽  
Specific Activities ◽  
Small Intestines

SUMMARYA comparison was made of the development of acid and alkaline phosphatase, invertase, lactase and leucine aminopeptidase specific activities in the small intestines of two groups of neonatal pigs. The groups consisted of two litters of suckling pigs and two litters of pigs that were delivered by hysterectomy and reared in incubators on a diet based on cow's milk. In the unsuckled pigs there was retardation of the development of invertase and leucine aminopeptidase. The unsuckled animals grew slowly and were affected by diarrhoea, and it is possible that enteric disease may have affected the development of the brush border of the intestinal epithelial cells, or enzymes specifically associated with the microvilli.

The effect of intestinal alkaline phosphatase on intestinal epithelial cells, macrophages and chronic colitis in mice

Life Sciences ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 100 (2) ◽  
pp. 118-124 ◽  
Author(s):  
Changhyun Lee ◽  
Jaeyoung Chun ◽  
Sung Wook Hwang ◽  
Seung Joo Kang ◽  
Jong Pil Im ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alkaline Phosphatase ◽  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Intestinal Epithelial Cells ◽  
Intestinal Epithelial ◽  
Chronic Colitis ◽  
Intestinal Alkaline Phosphatase

scholarly journals The spectrin-related molecule, TW-260/240, cross-links the actin bundles of the microvillus rootlets in the brush borders of intestinal epithelial cells.

1983 ◽  
Vol 96 (5) ◽  
pp. 1491-1496 ◽  
Author(s):  
J R Glenney ◽  
P Glenney ◽  
K Weber
Keyword(s):  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Actin Filaments ◽  
Intestinal Epithelial Cells ◽  
Intestinal Epithelial ◽  
Cross Link ◽  
Actin Bundles ◽  
Terminal Web ◽  
Brush Borders ◽  
Cross Links

Previous studies have shown that molecules related to erythrocyte spectrin are present in the cortical cytoplasm of nonerythroid cells. We report here the localization by immunoelectron microscopy of one such molecule, TW-260/240, in the brush border of intestinal epithelial cells. Using highly specific antibodies against TW-260 and TW-240 as well as antibodies against fodrin, another spectrinlike molecule, we have found that the TW-260/240 molecules are displayed between rootlets at all levels of the terminal web. Occasionally, extended structures appear labeled suggestive of the fine filaments known to cross-link actin bundles. These results are in line with previous in vitro studies showing that TW-260/240 binds to, and cross-links, actin filaments. The results are discussed in terms of a model in which rootlets are immobilized in the terminal web in a matrix of TW-260/240.

A new method for determination of relative ion permeabilities in isolated cells

1985 ◽  
Vol 248 (5) ◽  
pp. C399-C405 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. A. Kimmich ◽  
J. Randles ◽  
D. Restrepo ◽  
M. Montrose
Keyword(s):  
Membrane Potential ◽  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Intestinal Epithelial Cells ◽  
Membrane Vesicle ◽  
Ionic Composition ◽  
Intestinal Epithelial ◽  
Ion Permeability ◽  
Relative Permeabilities ◽  
Isolated Cells

The unidirectional influx of the lipophilic cation tetraphenylphosphonium (TPP+) into isolated epithelial cells is a function of the membrane potential that exists across the cellular plasma membrane. Because of the potential dependence, [14C]TPP+ influx can be used as a qualitative sensor of changes in the membrane potential induced by diffusion of ions after the experimental imposition of transmembrane ion gradients. This report describes a "crossover" procedure in which the influx of [14C]TPP+ during systematic changes in the ionic composition of incubation media is used to identify conditions in which no change in membrane potential occurs. The ion ratio at the crossover provides a measure of the relative permeabilities of the two test ions being compared. By using this approach, the ion permeabilities for intestinal epithelial cells prepared from White Rock chickens can be ranked relative to the permeability of Na+ (PNa), i.e., when PNa is equal to 1.0. The permeability sequence and relative values for ion permeability in this system are tris(hydroxymethyl)aminomethane-gluconate (less than 0.1) less than Li+ (0.3) less than Na+ (1.0) less than Cl- (2.0) less than K+ (6.0) = NO3- (6.0) less than SCN- (18) less than K+ + valinomycin (40). The procedure is general enough in principle to be of broad application to a wide variety of cell or membrane vesicle preparations.

Demonstration of glyceride synthesis by brush borders of intestinal epithelial cells

1965 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 83-88 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gordon G. Forstner ◽  
Erla M. Riley ◽  
Susan J. Daniels ◽  
Kurt J. Isselbacher
Keyword(s):  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Intestinal Epithelial Cells ◽  
Intestinal Epithelial ◽  
Glyceride Synthesis ◽  
Brush Borders
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