scholarly journals Microtubules in cone myoid elongation in the teleost retina.

1978 ◽  
Vol 78 (1) ◽  
pp. 247-259 ◽  
Author(s):  
R H Warren ◽  
B Brunside
Keyword(s):  
Serial Section ◽  
Dark Adaptation ◽  
Cone Cells ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Teleost Retina ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Retinal Cone

The myoids of retinal cone cells of the blue-striped grunt (Haemulon sciurus) undergo significant elongation during dark adaptation of the retina. Longitudinally oriented microtubules are present in myoids both before and after elongation. Injection of colchicine into the vitreous of the eye in vivo disrupts the microtubules in the myoids and prevents dark-adaptive myoid elongation. Counts of microtubules in transverse sections along the lengths of elongating myoids show that there is a uniform decrease in the number of microtubules at any one point along the myoid as the myoid elongates. The magnitude of the decrease is proportional to the extent of the elogation. The product of the mean myoid microtubule number (determined from counts at progressive intervals along the myoid) and the myoid length remains essentially constant during myoid elongation, indicating that the total quantity of microtubules in the myoid does not increase with elogation. Serial section tracings of the microtubules along the myoids suggest that individual microtubules do not extend the length of the myoid and that the myoid microtubular apparatus consists of bundles of overlapping shorter microtubules. We propose that elongation of the myoid is accompanied by sliding redistribution of microtubules along the length of the myoid, and that the sliding may be generated by interaction between microtubules in regions where they closely overlap in bundles. We find no evidence for the involvement of discrete, electron-dense microtubular organizing centers in myoid elogation.

Effect of Honey and Green Tea Solutions on Streptococcus mutans

2015 ◽  
Vol 39 (5) ◽  
pp. 435-441
Author(s):  
F Abdelmegid ◽  
M Al-Agamy ◽  
A Alwohaibi ◽  
H Ka'abi ◽  
F Salama
Keyword(s):  
Streptococcus Mutans ◽  
Green Tea ◽  
Saliva Sample ◽  
Post Intervention ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Colony Forming Unit ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Mouth Rinsing

Objectives: The aim of this cross-sectional in vivo study was to assess the effect of green tea and honey solutions on the level of salivary Streptococcus mutans. Study design: A convenient sample of 30 Saudi boys aged 7–10 years were randomly assigned into 2 groups of 15 each. Saliva sample was collected for analysis of level of S. mutans before rinsing. Commercial honey and green tea were prepared for use and each child was asked to rinse for two minutes using 10 mL of the prepared honey or green tea solutions according to their group. Saliva samples were collected again after rinsing. The collected saliva samples were prepared and colony forming unit (CFU) of S. mutans per mL of saliva was calculated. Results: The mean number of S. mutans before and after rinsing with honey and green tea solutions were 2.28* 108(2.622*108), 5.64 *107(1.03*108), 1.17*109(2.012*109) and 2.59*108 (3.668*108) respectively. A statistically significant reduction in the average number of S. mutans at baseline and post intervention in the children who were assigned to the honey (P=0.001) and green tea (P=0.001) groups was found. Conclusions: A single time mouth rinsing with honey and green tea solutions for two minutes effectively reduced the number of salivary S. mutans of 7–10 years old boys.

Ultrasonographic Bioinformatics Analysis of Uterus After Myomectomy

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 1374-1378
Author(s):  
Lili Jiang ◽  
Chuanxin Cheng ◽  
Xinmei Sheng
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Bioinformatics Analysis ◽  
Uterine Wall ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Mean

Objective: The myomectomy will affect the shape of uterine wall. Ultrasound can analyze the bioinformatics characteristics of uterus such as shape and blood flow in vivo. The aim of this study is to analyze the ultrasonographic bioinformatics of uterus after myomectomy. Methods: A total of 127 patients underwent myomectomy were examined by ultrasonography before operation, and 7 d, 1 m, 3 m, and 6 m after operation. The changes of uterine echo and blood signals were observed and recorded. Results: The mean volume of uterus was (152 ± 64) cm3 before myomectomy. During 6 m after operation, the uterus volume in all patients was decreased gradually. At 7 d and 1 m after operation, the mean volume of uterus was (73 ± 22) cm3 and (54 ± 23) cm3, respectively (about 48% and 36% of volume before operation). Different degree of scar echo appeared in 43 patients (33.8%). The diameter of scars was decreased remarkably during 6 months after myomectomy, especially 1 month after operation. Conclusion: The bioinformatics characteristics of uterus changed obviously before and after myomectomy. Ultrasonography is useful to evaluate these changed.

scholarly journals In vivo exposure for fear of pain and avoidance of movement in low back pain

2020 ◽  
Vol 73 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Érica Brandão de Moraes ◽  
Francisco Farias Martins Júnior ◽  
Cibele Andrucioli de Mattos-Pimenta
Keyword(s):  
Low Back Pain ◽  
Back Pain ◽  
Daily Living ◽  
Low Back ◽  
Fear Of Pain ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Fear And Anxiety

ABSTRACT Objectives: to verify the effects of hierarchization and in vivo exposure for fear of pain, avoidance of movement, and anxiety in chronic low back pain. Methods: quasi-experimental study. The 27 patients who participated graded the damage associated with the movements in each of the 40 activities of daily living depicted in pictures using a scale from 0 to 100. The patients chose five out of all the activities that received a score higher than 50 to carry out the exposure. The intensities of fear and anxiety were measured before and after each exposure session. Results: the frequencies of the gender were equal, and the mean age was 44.9 years. The activities chosen more frequently for the exposure were shoveling (33.3%) and running (33.3%). There was reduction of fear and anxiety before and after exposure (p<0.001). Conclusions: hierarchization and in vivo exposure were effective in reducing fear and anxiety.

scholarly journals COMPARATIVE EVALUATION OF EFFICACY OF GINGIVAL RETRACTION USING CHEMICAL AND MECHANICAL METHODS: AN IN VIVO STUDY

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 128
Author(s):  
Parampreet Kaur Kohli ◽  
Veena Hegde
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Evaluation ◽  
In Vivo Study ◽  
Control Methods ◽  
Hemorrhage Control ◽  
Mechanical Methods ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Fixed Prosthesis ◽  
The Mean

 Objective: The purpose of this in vivo study was to compare and evaluate the clinical efficacy of two gingival retraction systems; Ultrapak and Traxodent, on the basis of the amount of gingival retraction achieved in vertical and horizontal direction and their hemorrhage control. Methods: A total of 60 subjects were selected requiring fixed prosthesis. The two gingival retraction systems were used on the prepared abutments randomly. The vertical gingival retraction was measured before and after retraction using flexible measuring strip with 0.5 mm grading. The horizontal retraction was measured on the casts poured in polysilicone impressions made before the retraction and after retraction. Results: Statistically significant difference (p<0.05) was found between the amount of the retraction (vertical and horizontal) achieved by Ultrapak as compared to Traxodent. However, in achieving hemostasis Traxodent showed better efficiency than Ultrapak (p<0.05). Conclusion: The mean retraction width and depth achieved with retraction cord (Ultrapak) was significantly greater when compared with retraction paste. Although retraction paste (Traxodent) showed bleeding index significantly less when compared to that of retraction cord (Ultrapak).

Intake, rumen volume, retention time and digestibility of diets based on poultry litter and wheat straw in beef cows before and after calving

1993 ◽  
Vol 121 (1) ◽  
pp. 103-109 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Brosh ◽  
Z. Holzer ◽  
Y. Aharoni ◽  
D. Levy
Keyword(s):  
Wheat Straw ◽  
Retention Time ◽  
Poultry Litter ◽  
Beef Cows ◽  
Gravid Uterus ◽  
Mean Retention Time ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Volume Retention

SUMMARYBeef cows in the 14 weeks before calving and during the first 12 weeks after calving were fed one of three diets based on 15, 30 and 45 % broilers poultry litter (PL), 20 % maize grain (MG) and 65, 50 and 35% wheat straw (WS) on a DM basis, respectively. They were housed from June to November in individual open pens. Four weeks before and 9 weeks after calving, in vivo digestibility, fibre and fluid mean retention time (MRT) were measured. The intake of all diets before calving was low. Nine weeks after calving the intake of DM increased 2·1 times on the 15% PL diet, and 1·6 times on the two other diets. The in vivo digestibility of the 15% PL diets was lower than that of the two other diets before calving, and increased after calving, in spite of the doubling of its intake, while that of the 45% PL diet decreased. The mean retention time of fibre in the digestive tract was not affected by the increase in DM intake after calving on the 15 % PL diet and was shortened on the two other diets. It seems that the combination of the volume taken up by the gravid uterus and the bulkiness of the 15% PL diets (65% WS) reduced the intake and impaired the digestibility of that diet before calving. After calving, the fibre pool increased considerably and consequently both intake and digestibility were increased.

scholarly journals Prediction of fertility by centrifugal countercurrent distribution (CCCD) analysis: correlation between viability and heterogeneity of ram semen and field fertility

Reproduction ◽  
2002 ◽  
pp. 869-875 ◽  
Author(s):  
R Perez-Pe ◽  
JI Marti ◽  
E Sevilla ◽  
M Fernandez-Sanchez ◽  
E Fantova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Insemination ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Countercurrent Distribution ◽  
Semen Parameters ◽  
Distribution Analysis ◽  
Predictive Capacity ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Mean ◽  
High Level

The prediction of the fertilizing ability of a sire or a given insemination dose is a primary aim in the field of artificial insemination. Centrifugal countercurrent distribution analysis (CCCD) was used to determine the relationship between some sperm parameters and the in vivo fertility rate obtained with the same sample after cervical artificial insemination. A total of 522 ewes from 26 different farms was inseminated with 53 ejaculates obtained from 25 mature Rasa aragonesa rams. Semen was diluted to 1.6 x 10(9) cells ml-1 and doses of 0.25 ml were prepared and kept at 15 degrees C until used for insemination. The same ejaculates were used for analysis of standard semen parameters and CCCD analysis. Sperm motility, concentration and viability were determined before and after CCCD. Post-CCCD parameters were derived from the analysis of the profile obtained after CCCD. The recovered viability showed the highest correlation with fertility, especially in the central chambers (V2), r = 0.415, P < 0.005). The ejaculate heterogeneity also showed a positive correlation with field fertility (r = 0.23), with a tendency towards significance (P < 0.1). The mean fertility value of all ejaculates used in this study was 46.75%, ranging from 12.5% to 75.0%. Ejaculates were classified into two categories according to their fertility: higher and lower than the mean value. Only the viability recovered in the central chambers (V2) was a parameter with a predictive capacity to discriminate between the two groups (P < 0.05). A predictive equation for field fertility with a correlation coefficient r = 0.488 and a very high level of significance (P < 0.005) was deduced by multiple analysis: PF = 6.02 + 0.069V2 + 0.315H (where PF is predictive fertility, V2 is the recovered viability in the CCCD profile central chambers and H is heterogeneity).

scholarly journals Botulinum Toxin for the Treatment of Gummy Smile

2017 ◽  
Vol 18 (6) ◽  
pp. 474-478 ◽  
Author(s):  
Afnan F Al-Fouzan ◽  
Lamia S Mokeem ◽  
Reem T Al-Saqat ◽  
Maisa A Alfalah ◽  
Mana A Alharbi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Botulinum Toxin ◽  
Neuromuscular Disorders ◽  
Type I ◽  
Lower Margin ◽  
Female Patients ◽  
Dermatology Clinic ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Gummy Smile

ABSTRACT Aim The aim was to evaluate the effect of botulinum toxin (Botox) injections as a conservative treatment for gummy smile. Materials and methods An experimental in vivo study was conducted at a dermatology clinic in Riyadh in January 2016. The study included 23 female patients who ranged from 20 to 50 years and were treated with Botox injections due to excessive maxillary gingival display. The patients with short clinical crowns or long maxilla, those who were pregnant or breastfeeding, and patients with neuromuscular disorders were excluded. Patients received Botox type I, injected 3 mm lateral to the alar-fascial groove at the level of the nostril opening at the insertion of the levator labii superioris alaeque nasi muscle. Photos were taken of the patient's smile before and after the treatment and were then uploaded to the SketchUp program to calculate improvements in gingival display. The distance from the lower margin of the upper lip to the gingival margin was calculated pre- and posttreatment. The amount of improvement was calculated as (pre-Botox treatment – post-Botox treatment/pre-Botox treatment × 100). The mean percentage of the total improvement was analyzed. Results A total of 23 female patients received treatment to improve their gummy smile. Improvement was clear 2 weeks after Botox injection. The mean percentage of improvement in the gingival display was 99.6%. Conclusion Botox type I is an effective conservative technique to improve gummy smile caused by muscular hyperfunction. Clinical significance Patients’ retention highly indicated that they were satisfied with the provided treatment by Botox injections. Improving the quality of life with least painful experience and immediate results was the major advantage for Botox type I. How to cite this article Al-Fouzan AF, Mokeem LS, Al-Saqat RT, Alfalah MA, Alharbi MA, Al-Samary AE. Botulinum Toxin for the Treatment of Gummy Smile. J Contemp Dent Pract 2017;18(6):474-478.

scholarly journals Comparison of the Meibomian Gland Openings by Optical Coherence Tomography in Obstructive Meibomian Gland Dysfunction and Normal Patients

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 3181
Author(s):  
Xinhan Cui ◽  
Qingfan Wu ◽  
Zimeng Zhai ◽  
Yujing Yang ◽  
Anji Wei ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Optical Coherence Tomography ◽  
Anterior Segment ◽  
Meibomian Gland ◽  
Meibomian Gland Dysfunction ◽  
Optical Coherence ◽  
Mean Diameter ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Normal Controls

Purpose: The aim of this study was to use swept-source anterior segment optical coherence tomography (OCT) to explore imaging the meibomian gland openings and to identify their in vivo characteristics in patients with obstructive meibomian gland dysfunction (MGD) and healthy participants. Methods: We enrolled 49 patients with MGD and 54 health controls in this case-control study. Each participant underwent slit-lamp examination, meibography, and OCT scanning. Sixteen patients with MGD underwent a repeat OCT examination after eyelid massage. The outcome measures included determinations of meibomian gland openings (orifices and terminal ducts) from OCT images and comparisons of the meibomian openings between patients with MGD and normal controls before and after meibomian gland massage. Results: Using the same OCT scanning model, the number of visible orifices of the meibomian glands was similar between eyes with MGD and normal eyes (9.2 ± 2.3 vs. 9.7 ± 2.4). The mean diameter of the terminal ducts in patients with MGD was larger (120.22 ± 27.92 µm vs. 100.96 ± 20.30 µm) than in the normal controls, and had a larger coefficient of variation. Significant differences were observed in the mean diameter of the terminal ducts of patients with MGD before and after meibum gland massage (133.73 ± 27.81 μm vs. 102.26 ± 24.30 μm, p < 0.001). Conclusions: Patients with MGD have more diversified orifices and larger meibomian gland terminal duct diameters than normal subjects. In addition, meibomian gland terminal duct diameters seem to decrease in patients with MGD after meibum gland massage.

IN VIVO RECOVERY AND HALF-LIFE OF A STEAM-TREATED FACTOR IX (FIX) CONCENTRATE

1987 ◽  
Author(s):  
S Mörsdorf ◽  
E Seified ◽  
M Köhler ◽  
F Fasco ◽  
P Hellstern ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Half Life ◽  
Factor Ix ◽  
Risk Of Infection ◽  
Haemophilia B ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Mean ◽  
In Vivo Recovery

The introduction of heat treatment of FVIII or FIX concentrates has reduced the risk of infection, however, has raised the question of a reduced haemo-statical effect. Therefore, the in vivo recovery and half-life of a steam-treated FIX concentrate (S-TIM4, Immuno) were investigated in 10 haemophilia B patients from two haemophilia centers. Patients mean age was 33 y (range 17-51 y) and the mean body weight (BW> was 67 kg (range 44-81 kg). Basal FIX levels ranged from 0.007 to 0.03 (median 0,007) U/ml. The patients had not received FIX concentrate at least 7 d prior to the study. Patients 1-4 received 4 different lots, patients 5-10 received one single lot. Blood was drawn before and after 15, 30 min, 1h, 4 h, 8 h, 10 h, 12 h, 24 h and additionally 48 h in patients 1-4. FIX levels were measured using FIX deficient plasma from Immuno (patients 1-10) in center 1, additionally in patients 5-10 using FIX deficient plasma from MerzDade. In vivo recovery and half-life were calculated according to Allain (1980, 1984) and given in % and h, respectively. Results: The table shows the dose and the calculated in vivo recovery and half-life, according to the FIX measurements in center 1 (C1) or center 2 (C2).Although the apparently longer half-life of patients 1-4 may in part be explained by the longer period of FIX measurements in center 1, the exclusive use of one single lot of FIX concentrate suggests an influence of the lot transfused in these patients. However, laboratory signs of DIC were not present.

Radiolabeled r-Hirudin as a Measure of Thrombin Activity at, or within, the Rabbit Aorta Wall In Vitro and In Vivo

1994 ◽  
Vol 71 (04) ◽  
pp. 499-506 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark W C Hatton ◽  
Bonnie Ross-Ouellet
Keyword(s):  
Rabbit Aorta ◽  
Balloon Injury ◽  
Recombinant Hirudin ◽  
Aorta Wall ◽  
Thrombin Activity ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Matrix

SummaryThe behavior of 125I-labeled recombinant hirudin towards the uninjured and de-endothelialized rabbit aorta wall has been studied in vitro and in vivo to determine its usefulness as an indicator of thrombin activity associated with the aorta wall. Thrombin adsorbed to either sulfopropyl-Sephadex or heparin-Sepharose bound >95% of 125I-r-hirudin and the complex remained bound to the matrix. Binding of 125I-r-hirudin to the exposed aorta subendothelium (intima-media) in vitro was increased substantially if the tissue was pre-treated with thrombin; the quantity of l25I-r-hirudin bound to the de-endothelialized intima-media (i.e. balloon-injured in vitro) correlated positively with the quantity of bound 131I-thrombin (p <0.01). Aortas balloon-injured in vivo were measured for thrombin release from, and binding of 125I-r-hirudin to, the de-endothelialized intimal surface in vitro; 125I-r-hirudin binding correlated with the amount of active thrombin released (p <0.001). Uptake of 125I-r-hirudin by the aorta wall in vivo was proportional to the uptake of 131I-fibrinogen (as an indicator of thrombin activity) before and after balloon injury. After 30 min in the circulation, specific 125I-r-hirudin binding to the uninjured and de-endo- thelialized (at 1.5 h after injury) aorta wall was equivalent to 3.4 (± 2.5) and 25.6 (±18.1) fmol of thrombin/cm2 of intima-media, respectively. Possibly, only hirudin-accessible, glycosaminoglycan-bound thrombin is measured in this way.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document