scholarly journals Cytoplasmic filaments and gap junctions in epithelial cells and myofibroblasts during wound healing.

1978 ◽  
Vol 76 (3) ◽  
pp. 561-568 ◽  
Author(s):  
G Gabbiani ◽  
C Chaponnier ◽  
I Hüttner
Keyword(s):  
Wound Healing ◽  
Cell Migration ◽  
Cell Surface ◽  
Gap Junctions ◽  
Epidermal Cell ◽  
Granulation Tissue ◽  
Normal Skin ◽  
Skin Wound ◽  
Tissue Contraction ◽  
Cytoplasmic Filaments

During the healing of an experimental skin wound, epidermal cells and granulation tissue fibroblasts (myofibroblasts) develop an extensive cytoplasmic contactile apparatus. Concurrently, the proportion of epidermal cell surface occupied by gap junctions increases when compared to normal skin, and newly formed gap junctions appear between myofibroblasts; this suggests that epidermal cell migration and granulation tissue contraction are synchronized phenomena.

scholarly journals A “traffic control” role for TGFβ3: orchestrating dermal and epidermal cell motility during wound healing

2006 ◽  
Vol 172 (7) ◽  
pp. 1093-1105 ◽  
Author(s):  
Balaji Bandyopadhyay ◽  
Jianhua Fan ◽  
Shengxi Guan ◽  
Yong Li ◽  
Mei Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wound Healing ◽  
Cell Migration ◽  
Epidermal Cell ◽  
Traffic Control ◽  
Transforming Growth Factor ◽  
Skin Wound ◽  
Epidermal Cells ◽  
Skin Wound Healing ◽  
Tgfβ Receptor ◽  
Dermal Cells

Cell migration is a rate-limiting event in skin wound healing. In unwounded skin, cells are nourished by plasma. When skin is wounded, resident cells encounter serum for the first time. As the wound heals, the cells experience a transition of serum back to plasma. In this study, we report that human serum selectively promotes epidermal cell migration and halts dermal cell migration. In contrast, human plasma promotes dermal but not epidermal cell migration. The on-and-off switch is operated by transforming growth factor (TGF) β3 levels, which are undetectable in plasma and high in serum, and by TGFβ receptor (TβR) type II levels, which are low in epidermal cells and high in dermal cells. Depletion of TGFβ3 from serum converts serum to a plasmalike reagent. The addition of TGFβ3 to plasma converts it to a serumlike reagent. Down-regulation of TβRII in dermal cells or up-regulation of TβRII in epidermal cells reverses their migratory responses to serum and plasma, respectively. Therefore, the naturally occurring plasma→serum→plasma transition during wound healing orchestrates the orderly migration of dermal and epidermal cells.

In Vivo and ex Vivo Approaches to Studying the Biomechanical Properties of Healing Wounds in Rat Skin

2013 ◽  
Vol 135 (10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Clare Y. L. Chao ◽  
Gabriel Y. F. Ng ◽  
Kwok-Kuen Cheung ◽  
Yong-Ping Zheng ◽  
Li-Ke Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wound Healing ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Normal Skin ◽  
Biomechanical Properties ◽  
Skin Wound ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Rat Skin ◽  
Mechanical Stiffness ◽  
Air Jet

An evaluation of wound mechanics is crucial in reflecting the wound healing status. The present study examined the biomechanical properties of healing rat skin wounds in vivo and ex vivo. Thirty male Sprague-Dawley rats, each with a 6 mm full-thickness circular punch biopsied wound at both posterior hind limbs were used. The mechanical stiffness at both the central and margins of the wound was measured repeatedly in five rats over the same wound sites to monitor the longitudinal changes over time of before wounding, and on days 0, 3, 7, 10, 14, and 21 after wounding in vivo by using an optical coherence tomography-based air-jet indentation system. Five rats were euthanized at each time point, and the biomechanical properties of the wound tissues were assessed ex vivo using a tensiometer. At the central wound bed region, the stiffness measured by the air-jet system increased significantly from day 0 (17.2%), peaked at day 7 (208.3%), and then decreased progressively until day 21 (40.2%) as compared with baseline prewounding status. The biomechanical parameters of the skin wound samples measured by the tensiometer showed a marked reduction upon wounding, then increased with time (all p < 0.05). On day 21, the ultimate tensile strength of the skin wound tissue approached 50% of the normal skin; while the stiffness of tissue recovered at a faster rate, reaching 97% of its prewounded state. Our results suggested that it took less time for healing wound tissues to recover their stiffness than their maximal strength in rat skin. The stiffness of wound tissues measured by air-jet could be an indicator for monitoring wound healing and contraction.

scholarly journals Assessment of Hydroxyproline Levels in Non-Ischemic Diabetic Foot Ulcers During Recovery. A Prospective Case-Control Study

2015 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 361-366
Author(s):  
Seyed Mansour Alamshah ◽  
Aliasghar Hemmati ◽  
Zahra Nazari
Keyword(s):  
Wound Healing ◽  
Granulation Tissue ◽  
Normal Skin ◽  
Repair Process ◽  
Foot Ulcers ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Medical University

Abstract Background and aims: Proline hydroxylation is essential for collagen synthesis in wound healing. Therefore, hydroxyproline quantification may be a suitable marker of wound healing in diabetic tissue. Material and method: This is a prospective casecontrol clinical study including 90 referral patients from our clinics in Golestan hospital affiliated to Jundishapour Medical University, Ahwaz-Iran, during a period of 18 months. Three groups were recruited: intervening diabetics with non-ischemic foot ulcers, diabetics without foot ulcers (normal diabetics) and non-diabetics without foot ulcers (normal non-diabetics) as control groups (n=30 per group). 500 mg of granulation tissue from ulcers after treatment and 500 mg of normal skin from both control groups were taken for the measurement of hydroxyproline levels. Results: 13 (43.3%) males and 17 (56.7%) females in trial group were analysed. There was no significant differences in age, gender, and BMI between groups. Mean hydroxyproline concentration in wound granulation tissue (140.44 μg/g) was statistically different from the mean concentration in the skin content of normal diabetics (173.22 g/g,) and the skin content of nondiabetics (178.83 μg/g) (p=0.001). There were no statistically significant differences between the mean values of normal diabetics and non-diabetics (p=0.63). Conclusion: Our results showed the presence of a lower quantity of hydroxyproline in diabetic patients with foot ulcers compared to control groups. This raises the issue of its effectiveness in delaying the repair process in diabetics. Therefore, compensating for tissue hydroxyproline deficit can be a clue in improving diabetic tissue repair.

Juglone ameliorates skin wound healing by promoting skin cell migration through Rac1/Cdc42/PAK pathway

2016 ◽  
Vol 24 (5) ◽  
pp. 786-794 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hussain M. Wahedi ◽  
Yong U. Park ◽  
Eun-Yi Moon ◽  
Sun Y. Kim
Keyword(s):  
Wound Healing ◽  
Cell Migration ◽  
Skin Wound ◽  
Skin Wound Healing ◽  
Skin Cell

Rapid epithelialisation of fetal wounds is associated with the early deposition of tenascin

1991 ◽  
Vol 99 (3) ◽  
pp. 583-586 ◽  
Author(s):  
D.J. Whitby ◽  
M.T. Longaker ◽  
M.R. Harrison ◽  
N.S. Adzick ◽  
M.W. Ferguson
Keyword(s):  
Wound Healing ◽  
Cell Migration ◽  
Temporal Distribution ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Skin Wound ◽  
Skin Wound Healing ◽  
Early Appearance ◽  
Complex Process ◽  
Healing Wounds ◽  
Fetal Wound

Wound healing is a complex process involving the interaction of many cell types with the extracellular matrix (ECM). Fetal skin wound healing differs from that in the adult in that it occurs rapidly and without scar formation. The mechanisms underlying these differing processes may be related to the fetal environment, the stage of differentiation of the fetal cells or the ECM deposited in the wound. The spatial and temporal distribution of two components of the ECM, fibronectin and tenascin, were studied by immunostaining of cryosections from trunk wounds of fetal and adult sheep. Epithelialisation was complete earlier in the fetal wound than in the adult. The distribution of fibronectin was similar in fetal and adult wounds but tenascin was present earlier in the fetal wound. Fibronectin has several roles in wound healing including acting as a substratum for cell migration and as a mediator of cell adhesion through cell surface integrins. The attachment of fibroblasts to fibronectin is inhibited by tenascin and during development the appearance of tenascin in the ECM of migratory pathways correlates with the initiation of cell migration. Similarly, the appearance of tenascin in healing wounds may initiate cell migration. Tenascin was present in these wounds prior to cell migration and the rapid epithelialisation of fetal wounds may be due to the early appearance of tenascin in the wound.

Wound-healing effects of human dermal components with gelatin dressing

2017 ◽  
Vol 32 (6) ◽  
pp. 716-724 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hyun-Jun Jang ◽  
Yu-mi Kim ◽  
Bo-Young Yoo ◽  
Young-Kwon Seo
Keyword(s):  
Wound Healing ◽  
Normal Skin ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Collagen Type I ◽  
Skin Wound ◽  
Blue Staining ◽  
Elastic Fibers ◽  
Type I ◽  
Initial Area

There have been numerous investigations regarding various types of dressings and artificial dermis of solid form, yet limited research and development on paste types, such as hydrogels with dermal powder, have ensued. In this study, we compared the in vivo wound healing effects of gelatin paste containing dermal powder to a collagen type I/chondroitin 6-sulfate (coll/chondroitin) sponge and gelatin alone, after 48 days post grafting, in a skin wound rat model. In the dermis powder/gelatin paste-treated group, wound area contraction was minimized 50%, while in the gelatin and coll/chondroitin sponge groups, the initial area contracted 83–85% and 79–85%, respectively. Histological analysis revealed the wounds treated with dermal powder/gelatin were associated with many fibroblasts, which infiltrated the wound bed, as well as thick collagen bundles that were arranged in dendritic arrays, resembling normal skin. Furthermore, in contrast to the gelatin- and coll/chondroitin sponge-treated groups, the powder/gelatin paste-treated wounds exhibited an abundance of elastic fibers (Victoria blue staining) and extensive formation of blood vessels around the dermis (CD31 staining). Therefore, the dermis powder/gelatin paste not only renders convenience to users but also has prominent wound-healing effects on full-thickness wounds.

scholarly journals A Role for the Mitogen-activated Protein Kinase Kinase Kinase 1 in Epithelial Wound Healing

2006 ◽  
Vol 17 (8) ◽  
pp. 3446-3455 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maoxian Deng ◽  
Wei-Li Chen ◽  
Atsushi Takatori ◽  
Zhimin Peng ◽  
Lin Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wound Healing ◽  
Cell Migration ◽  
Epithelial Cell ◽  
Skin Wound ◽  
Mitogen Activated Protein Kinase ◽  
Epithelial Cell Migration ◽  
Epithelial Wound Healing ◽  
Mitogen Activated Protein ◽  
Pai 1 ◽  
Protein Kinase Kinase

The mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase (MEK) kinase 1 (MEKK1) mediates activin B signals required for eyelid epithelium morphogenesis during mouse fetal development. The present study investigates the role of MEKK1 in epithelial wound healing, another activin-regulated biological process. In a skin wound model, injury markedly stimulates MEKK1 expression and activity, which are in turn required for the expression of genes involved in extracellular matrix (ECM) homeostasis. MEKK1 ablation or down-regulation by interfering RNA significantly delays skin wound closure and impairs activation of Jun NH2-terminal kinases, induction of plasminogen activator inhibitor (PAI)-1, and restoration of cell–cell junctions of the wounded epidermis. Conversely, expression of wild-type MEKK1 accelerates reepithelialization of full-thickness skin and corneal debridement wounds by mechanisms involving epithelial cell migration, a cell function that is partially abolished by neutralizing antibodies for PAI-1 and metalloproteinase III. Our data suggest that MEKK1 transmits wound signals, leading to the transcriptional activation of genes involved in ECM homeostasis, epithelial cell migration, and wound reepithelialization.

scholarly journals Lessons From Epithelialization: The Reason Behind Moist Wound Environment

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 34-40
Author(s):  
Sukmawati Tansil Tan ◽  
Ricky Dosan
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Wound Healing ◽  
Cell Migration ◽  
Growth Factors ◽  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Epidermal Cell ◽  
Major Aspect ◽  
Proliferative Phase ◽  
Wounded Area ◽  
Enhance Wound Healing

Wound healing consists of multiple structured mechanism and is influenced by various factors. Epithelialization is one of the major aspect in wound healing and inhibition of this mechanism will greatly impair wound healing. Epithelialization is a process where epithelial cells migrate upwards and repair the wounded area. This process is the most essential part in wound healing and occurs in proliferative phase of wound healing. Skin stem cells which reside in several locations of epidermis contribute in the re-epithelialization when the skin is damaged. Epithelialization process is activated by inflammatory signal and then keratinocyte migrate, differentiate and stratify to close the defect in the skin. Several theories of epithelialization model in wound healing have been proposed for decades and have shown the mechanism of epidermal cell migration during epithelialization even though the exact mechanism is still controversial. This process is known to be influenced by the wound environment where moist wound environment is preferred rather than dry wound environment. In dry wound environment, epithelialization is known to be inhibited because of scab or crust which is formed from dehydrated and dead cells. Moist wound environment enhances the epithelialization process by easier migration of epidermal cells, faster epithelialization, and prolonged presence of proteinases and growth factors. This article focuses on the epithelialization process in wound healing, epithelialization models, effects of wound environment on epithelialization and epithelialization as the basis for products that enhance wound healing.

scholarly journals Cytoplasmic filaments and cellular wound healing in amoeba proteus

1975 ◽  
Vol 67 (1) ◽  
pp. 243-249 ◽  
Author(s):  
KW Jeon ◽  
MS Jeon
Keyword(s):  
Wound Healing ◽  
Cell Surface ◽  
External Medium ◽  
Animal Cell ◽  
Amoeba Proteus ◽  
Living Cells ◽  
Nuclear Transplantation ◽  
Self Healing ◽  
Sequence Of Events ◽  
Cytoplasmic Filaments

The flexibility and self-healing properties of animal cell surface membranes are well known. These properties have been best exploited in various micrurgical studies on living cells (2, 3), especially in amoebae (7, 20). During nuclear transplantation in amoebae, the hole in the membrane through which a nucleus passes can have a diameter of 20-30 μm, and yet such holes are quickly sealed, although some cytoplasm usually escapes during the transfer. While enucleating amoebae in previous studies, we found that if a very small portion of a nucleus was pushed through the membrane and exposed to the external medium, the amoeba expelled such a nucleus on its own accord. When this happened, a new membrane appeared to form around the embedded portion of the nucleus and no visible loss of cytoplasm occurred during nuclear extrusion. In the present study, we examined amoebae that were at different stages of expelling partially exposed nuclei, to follow the sequence of events during the apparent new membrane formation. Unexpectedly, we found that a new membrane is not formed around the nucleus from inside but a hole is sealed primarily by a constriction of the existing membrane, and that cytoplasmic filaments are responsible for the prevention of the loss of cytoplasm.

Epidermal cell migration during wound healing in Dugesia lugubris

1984 ◽  
Vol 236 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rita Pascolini ◽  
Simonetta Tei ◽  
Daniela Vagnetti ◽  
Carlo Bondi
Keyword(s):  
Wound Healing ◽  
Cell Migration ◽  
Epidermal Cell
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