scholarly journals APPEARANCE AND DISTRIBUTION OF FERRITIN IN MOUSE PERITONEAL MACROPHAGES IN VITRO AFTER UPTAKE OF HETEROLOGOUS ERYTHROCYTES

1973 ◽  
Vol 57 (2) ◽  
pp. 289-305 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martha E. Fedorko ◽  
Nicholas L. Cross ◽  
James G. Hirsch
Keyword(s):  
Endoplasmic Reticulum ◽  
Light Microscopy ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Peritoneal Macrophages ◽  
Red Cell ◽  
Cytoplasmic Matrix ◽  
Cytoplasmic Granules ◽  
Ultrastructural Studies ◽  
Mouse Peritoneal Macrophages

Mouse peritoneal macrophages have been studied in vitro after ingestion of treated rat, rabbit, or sheep erythrocytes. Under light microscopy, phagocytic vacuoles persist up to 24 h. Macrophages lose benzidine reactivity about 5 h after red cell ingestion, and they become prussian blue positive at 2 days. Ultrastructural studies show little or no ferritin in control macrophages not fed erythrocytes. In contrast, after red cell ingestion, ferritin is widely distributed in the cytoplasmic matrix and in some cytoplasmic granules by 48 h. The Golgi complex, pinocytic vacuoles, endoplasmic reticulum, nuclei, and mitochondria do not contain ferritin. Between 2 and 4 days, ferritin in cytoplasmic granules increases, concomitant with decrease in the ferritin in the cytoplasmic matrix. Evidence is presented suggesting that ferritin in the cytoplasmic matrix is translocated into cytoplasmic granules by autophagy. Polyacrylamide gel studies on macrophages after uptake of red blood cells labeled with radioiron confirm that macrophages produce radiolabeled ferritin by 4 days.

Intermedin1-53 Ameliorates Homocysteine-Promoted Atherosclerotic Calcification by Inhibiting Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 251-264 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jin-Ling Ren ◽  
Yue-Long Hou ◽  
Xian-Qiang Ni ◽  
Qing Zhu ◽  
Yao Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Endoplasmic Reticulum ◽  
Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Peritoneal Macrophages ◽  
Human Aorta ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Protein Levels ◽  
Cardiovascular Morbidity And Mortality ◽  
Mouse Peritoneal Macrophages

Aim: Vascular calcification (VC) is thought to be an independent predictor of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Intermedin1-53 (IMD) is a cardiovascular protective peptide and can inhibit vascular medial calcification in rats. In this study, we investigated the effect of IMD on atherosclerotic calcification induced by a high-fat diet plus homocysteine (Hcy) and the potential mechanisms. Methods: ApoE−/− mice were fed a high-fat diet with Hcy in drinking water to induce atherosclerotic calcification. Results: As compared to the high-fat diet alone, Hcy treatment significantly increased atherosclerotic lesion areas and the number of calcified nodules in aortic roots and was reduced by IMD infusion or 4-phenylbutyric acid (PBA) treatment. In vitro, as compared to calcifying medium alone, Hcy treatment further increased alkaline phosphatase activity, calcium content, and calcium nodule number in human aorta vascular smooth muscle cells (HA-VSMCs), all blocked by IMD or PBA pretreatment. Mechanistically, IMD or PBA significantly alleviated endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) activation compared with Hcy treatment. In parallel, IMD or PBA attenuated the messenger RNA levels of osteogenic markers and inflammatory cytokines in aortas and their protein levels in lesions of aortic roots. In vitro, Hcy treatment significantly increased the protein levels of osteoblast-like cell markers in primary rat VSMCs and inflammation markers in mouse peritoneal macrophages, all decreased with IMD or PBA pretreatment. Intermedin1-53 pretreatment also markedly reduced the protein levels of ERS markers in rat VSMCs and mouse peritoneal macrophages. Conclusions: Intermedin1-53 protects against Hcy-promoted atherosclerotic calcification in ApoE−/− mice by inhibiting ERS.

3. Morphological parameters of the effect of interferon on mouse peritoneal macrophages

1982 ◽  
Vol 299 (1094) ◽  
pp. 131-133 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Light Microscopy ◽  
Phagocytic Activity ◽  
Quantitative Data ◽  
Phase Contrast ◽  
Peritoneal Macrophages ◽  
Mouse Fibroblast ◽  
Morphological Parameters ◽  
Glass Surfaces ◽  
Mouse Peritoneal Macrophages

Several macrophage functions are modulated by treatment with homologous interferon (IFN). For example, phagocytic activity of mouse peritoneal macrophages (MPM) is enhanced by moderate concentrations of mouse fibroblast interferon (MuIFN-P) (Rollag & Degré 1981). Spreading of freshly seeded macrophages on glass surfaces is stimulated by macrophage-activating agents (Mörland & Kaplan 1977), IFN inducers (Rabinovitch et al . 1977) and IFN (Schultz et al . 1978). We report here quantitative data on effect of MuIFN-β on the spreading of MPM in vitro . Cells were seeded on glass surfaces in Eagle’s MEM, and spreading was examined after incubation at 37 °C for various periods by phase-contrast light microscopy (p.c.m.). Cells, fixed in 2.5% glutaraldehyde, were scored as round or spread, at least 200 cells in each preparation (Rabinovitch & De Stefano 1973).

scholarly journals Ultrastructural studies of the hemocytes of Panstrongylus megistus (Hemiptera: Reduvidae)

1989 ◽  
Vol 84 (2) ◽  
pp. 171-188 ◽  
Author(s):  
Margherita A. Barracco ◽  
Clarice T. Loch
Keyword(s):  
Endoplasmic Reticulum ◽  
Light Microscopy ◽  
Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum ◽  
Lipid Droplets ◽  
Panstrongylus Megistus ◽  
Ultrastructural Studies ◽  
Hemocyte Count

Ultrastructural analyses revealed the presence of six hemocyte types in the hemolymph of Panstrogylus megistus, partially confirming our previous results obtained through light microscopy. Prohemocytes: small, round hemocytes with a thin cytoplasm layer, espcieally rich in free ribosomes and poor in membranous systems. Plasmatocytes: polymorphic cells, whose cytoplasm contains many lysosomes and a well developed rough endoplasmic reticulum (RER).They are extremely phagocytic. Sometimes, they show a large vacuolation. Granulocytes: granular hemocytes whose granules show different degrees of electrondensity. Most of them, have an internal structuration. Coagulocytes: oval or elongated hemocytes, which show pronounced perinuclear cisternae as normally observed in coagulocytes. The cytoplasm is usually electrondense, poor in membranous systems and contains many labile granules. Oenocytoids: large and very stable hemocytes, whose homogeneous cytoplasme is rich in loose ribosomes and poor in membranous systems. Adipohemocytes: large cells, containing several characteristic lipid droplets. The cytoplasm is also rich in glycogen, RER and large mitochondria. The total and differential hemocyte count (THC and DHC) were also calculated for this reduviid. THC increases from 2,900 hemocytes/cubic millimeter of hemolymph in the 4th intar to 4,350 in the 5th and then, decreases to 1,950 in the adults. Plasmatocytes and coagulocytes are the predominant hemocyte types.

scholarly journals A Critical Role of Activin A in Maturation of Mouse Peritoneal Macrophages in vitro and in vivo

2009 ◽  
Vol 6 (5) ◽  
pp. 387-392 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yinan Wang ◽  
Xueling Cui ◽  
Guixiang Tai ◽  
Jingyan Ge ◽  
Nan Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Critical Role ◽  
Peritoneal Macrophages ◽  
Activin A ◽  
Mouse Peritoneal Macrophages

The Development of Intracellular Membranes Concomitant with the Appearance of HCL Secretion in Oxyntic Cells of the Metamorphosing Bullfrog Tadpole

1969 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 709-727
Author(s):  
GERTRUDE M. FORTE ◽  
L. LIMLOMWONGSE ◽  
J. G. FORTE
Keyword(s):  
Endoplasmic Reticulum ◽  
Apical Cell ◽  
Morphological Development ◽  
Structural Development ◽  
Gastric Glands ◽  
Cytoplasmic Matrix ◽  
Stage Of Development ◽  
Hcl Secretion ◽  
Bullfrog Tadpole

Bullfrog tadpole stomachs of various metamorphic stages were examined to determine the fine-structural development of oxyntic cells and to correlate observed morphological development with the capacity to secrete HCl. It was found that in vitro tadpole stomachs can consistently be stimulated to secrete acid by stage XXIV of metamorphosis, when tail reabsorption is nearly complete. Concomitant with the appearance of HCl secretion, identifiable oxyntic cells were found in the gastric glands. Prior to stage XXIV (stages XXI and XXII) the majority of cells present in the developing gastric glands exhibit features of cytological organization characteristic of undifferentiated cells: large nuclei, relatively scantry cytoplasm, and numerous ribosomal particles within the cytoplasmic matrix. The newly differentiated oxyntic cells of stage XXIV tadpole stomachs are recognizable by the accumulation of tubular members of the smooth-surfaced endoplasmic reticulum in the apical portion of the cells. These membranous structures appear to be formed by the Golgi complex which is extremely elaborate at this stage of development. As the animals complete metamorphosis (stage XXV) further development of the oxyntic cells occurs, especially the elaboration of the tubular components of the smooth-surfaced endoplasmic reticulum. The abundance of these membranous tubules within the apical cell regions and the pattern of their packing is similar to that observed in oxyntic cells of adult frogs. Also consistent with studies on adult frogs, structural alterations associated with HCl secretion were seen in the later stages of metamorphosis. In stages XXIV and XXV tadpole stomachs, which had been stimulated to secrete acid by addition of histamine, the apical surfaces of oxyntic cells were invested with long filamentous microvilli which projected into the glandular lumen. These observations support the hypothesis that membrane transformations play an integral role in the mechanism of HCl secretion and they implicate the morphogenesis of the smooth-surfaced endoplasmic reticulum as a basic prerequisite in the development of gastric secretory function.

scholarly journals Immunomodulatory Action of Triterpene Glycosides Isolated from the Sea Cucumber Actinocucumis typica. Structure-Activity Relationships

2014 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 1934578X1400900 ◽  
Author(s):  
Evgeny A. Pislyagin ◽  
Dmitry L. Aminin ◽  
Alexandra S. Silchenko ◽  
Sergey A. Avilov ◽  
Pelageya V. Andryjashchenko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Peritoneal Macrophages ◽  
Triterpene Glycosides ◽  
Cytotoxic Activities ◽  
Ros Formation ◽  
Low Toxicity ◽  
Low Cytotoxicity ◽  
Immunomodulatory Action ◽  
Mouse Peritoneal Macrophages ◽  
Stimulation Of

Stimulation of lysosomal activity and ROS formation in mouse peritoneal macrophages by five triterpene glycosides, typicosides A1 (1), A2 (2), B1 (3), C1 (4) and C2 (5) has been studied and compared with their cytotoxic activities. Glycosides 1–3 possess moderate activities, but the most cytotoxic glycoside 5 is not active. Typicoside C1 (4), with low toxicity, was proved to be the most active concerning stimulation of ROS formation. This is the first example of a triterpene glycoside from sea cucumbers with low cytotoxicity, but which demonstrates a strong immunostimulatory effect on mouse peritoneal macrophages in vitro.

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